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skaldic

Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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Anon Nkt 23II/6 — fór ‘went’

Réð tolf vetr
tíri gǫfgaðr
Eirekr jarl
fyr Yggs mani,
áðr * lofðungr
ór landi fór
vestr of haf,
sás vini gœddi.

Eirekr jarl, gǫfgaðr tíri, réð tolf vetr fyr mani Yggs, áðr * lofðungr, sás gœddi vini, fór ór landi vestr of haf.

Eiríkr jarl, endowed with glory, ruled twelve years over Yggr’s <= Óðinn’s> girl [= Jǫrð (jǫrð ‘earth’)], before the lord, who enriched his friends, went from the land west across the sea.

grammar

Verbs: Strong Verbs

The stem of the subjunctive pl. is i-mutation of the indicative pl..

lúka ‘shut, end’



Indicative Subjunctive


Present Past Present Past

Active voice
sing. 1
2
3
lýk
lýkr
lýkr
lauk
laukt
lauk
lúka
lúkir
lúki
lyka
lykir
lyki
pl. 1
2
3
lúkum
lúkið
lúka
lukum
lukuð
luku
lúkim
lúkið
lúki
lykim
lykið
lyki
infinitive
pres. part.
past part.
lúka
lúkandi
lúkinn, lúkin, lúkit

Middle voice
sing. 1
2
3
lýkumk
lýksk
lýksk
laukumk
laukzk
lauksk
lúkumk
lúkisk
lúkisk
lykumk
lykisk
lykisk
pl. 1
2
3
lúkumk
lúkizk
lúkask
lukumk
lukuzk
lukusk
lúkimk
lúkizk
lúkisk
lykimk
lykizk
lykisk
infinitive
pres. part.
past part.
lúkask
lúkandisk
lúkizk
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