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skaldic

Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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Anon Mv III 23VII/5 — skal ‘shall’

‘Ginni þier frá guði menn
að gjöra það, eð ilt er;
sárar fyrir sakir þær
síðan að þeir fái stríð.
Einatt skal yðr pín
aktaz, þá frá er sagt,
að þier freistið fira mest
og fáið eigi svikið þá.’

‘Ginni þier menn frá guði að gjöra það, eð er ilt, að þeir fái síðan stríð fyrir þær sárar sakir. Einatt skal pín aktaz yðr, þá er frá sagt, að þier freistið fira mest og fáið eigi svikið þá.’

‘You entice men away from God to do that which is evil, so that they later suffer torment because of those bitter offences. Always shall torture be devised for you when it is told that you tempt people the most and are not able to deceive them.’

grammar

Verbs: Preterite-present verbs

The present tense of these verbs is like the past tense of strong verbs, and their past tense is weak.

eigamegakunnaskulumunumuna
indic.
pres.
sing.


pl.
1st
2nd
3rd
1st
2nd
3rd
á
átt
á
eigum
eiguð
eigu

mátt

megum
meguð
megu
kann
kannt
kann
kunnum
kunnuð
kunnu
skal
skalt
skal
skulum
skuluð
skulu
mun
munt
mun
munum
munuð
munu
man
mant
man
munum
munið
muna
indic. past stem
subj. pres. stem
subj. past stem
átt-
eig-
ætt-
mátt-
meg-
mætt-
kunn-
kunn-
kynn-
skyld-
skyl-
skyld-
mund-
myn-
mynd-
mund-
mun-
mynd-
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