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skaldic

Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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Anon Mey 43VII/7 — fór ‘left’

Fjóra liet hann forka stóra
færa niðr og binda kæru;
slitnar hold, en beinin brotna;
beygð úr öllum liðunum teygðiz.
Jóladag fekk jungfrú sælust
allsráðanda drottins náðir;
hátíðliga fór meyjan mætust
messudag úr heimi þessum.

Hann liet fjóra stóra forka færa niðr og binda kæru; hold slitnar, en beinin brotna; beygð, teygðiz úr öllum liðunum. Jóladag fekk sælust jungfrú náðir allsráðanda drottins; messudag fór mætust meyjan hátíðliga úr þessum heimi.

He had four big poles driven down and the woman bound; her flesh is torn and the bones are broken; racked, she was pulled out of all her joints. On Christmas Day the most blessed maiden received mercy from the Lord who rules over everything; on mass-day the most precious maiden solemnly left this world.

grammar

Verbs: Strong Verbs

The stem of the subjunctive pl. is i-mutation of the indicative pl..

lúka ‘shut, end’



Indicative Subjunctive


Present Past Present Past

Active voice
sing. 1
2
3
lýk
lýkr
lýkr
lauk
laukt
lauk
lúka
lúkir
lúki
lyka
lykir
lyki
pl. 1
2
3
lúkum
lúkið
lúka
lukum
lukuð
luku
lúkim
lúkið
lúki
lykim
lykið
lyki
infinitive
pres. part.
past part.
lúka
lúkandi
lúkinn, lúkin, lúkit

Middle voice
sing. 1
2
3
lýkumk
lýksk
lýksk
laukumk
laukzk
lauksk
lúkumk
lúkisk
lúkisk
lykumk
lykisk
lykisk
pl. 1
2
3
lúkumk
lúkizk
lúkask
lukumk
lukuzk
lukusk
lúkimk
lúkizk
lúkisk
lykimk
lykizk
lykisk
infinitive
pres. part.
past part.
lúkask
lúkandisk
lúkizk
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