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skaldic

Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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Kálf Kátr 18VII/5 — skulu ‘shall’

Hilmir, segi eg, að hugðiz tæla
himna gætis ambátt mæta;
mýgir bauðz þá fljóði fögru
fannar lófa að eiginmanni.
‘Allir skulu’, kvað odda spillir,
‘elda Lofn, í mínu veldi
heiðra þig sem helga gyðju,
hnyssings teigs, ef mig vill eiga’.

Eg segi, að hilmir hugðiz tæla mæta ambátt gætis himna; mýgir fannar lófa bauðz þá fögru fljóði að eiginmanni. ‘Allir í mínu veldi’, kvað spillir odda, ‘skulu heiðra þig, Lofn elda hnyssings teigs, sem helga gyðju, ef vill eiga mig’.

I say that the prince intended to entice the great handmaid of the guardian of the heavens [= God > HOLY WOMAN]; the crusher of the snowdrift of the palm [SILVER > GENEROUS MAN] then offered himself to the beautiful maiden as husband. ‘All in my realm’, said the destroyer of swords’ points [WARRIOR] ‘shall honour you, Lofn <goddess> of the fires of the whale’s land [SEA > GOLD > WOMAN], as a holy goddess, if you will marry me’.

grammar

Verbs: Preterite-present verbs

The present tense of these verbs is like the past tense of strong verbs, and their past tense is weak.

eigamegakunnaskulumunumuna
indic.
pres.
sing.


pl.
1st
2nd
3rd
1st
2nd
3rd
á
átt
á
eigum
eiguð
eigu

mátt

megum
meguð
megu
kann
kannt
kann
kunnum
kunnuð
kunnu
skal
skalt
skal
skulum
skuluð
skulu
mun
munt
mun
munum
munuð
munu
man
mant
man
munum
munið
muna
indic. past stem
subj. pres. stem
subj. past stem
átt-
eig-
ætt-
mátt-
meg-
mætt-
kunn-
kunn-
kynn-
skyld-
skyl-
skyld-
mund-
myn-
mynd-
mund-
mun-
mynd-
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