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skaldic

Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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Innsteinn Innkv 3VIII (Hálf 18)/1 — orðinn ‘become’

Þér er orðinn         Óðinn til gramr,
er þú Ásmundi         allvel trúir.
Hann mun alla         oss um véla,
nema þú vitrari         viðsjár fáir.

Óðinn er orðinn þér til gramr, er þú trúir Ásmundi allvel. Hann mun oss alla um véla, nema þú fáir vitrari viðsjár.

Óðinn has become too angry with you, since you trust Ásmundr so well. He will betray us all, unless you acquire wiser wariness.

notes

[1-2] Óðinn er orðinn þér til gramr ‘Óðinn has become too angry with you’: Cf. Heiðr 112/4, gramr er yðr Óðinn ‘Óðinn is angry with you’. Both here and in Hálf 35/5-6 Innsteinn invokes the name of the god Óðinn, who is widely represented in Old Norse myth, especially in fornaldarsögur, as the god of battle, who not only confers victory on his favourites, but may sometimes withdraw his favour from them (cf. Turville-Petre 1964, 52-4; Marold 1972, 27-8). Here Innsteinn suggests that the god will turn against Hálfr and the Hálfsrekkar because Hálfr allows himself to trust Ásmundr uncritically. In Hálf 35/5-8 Innsteinn interprets the Hálfsrekkar’s defeat as Óðinn’s evil doing.

grammar

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