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skaldic

Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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GunnLeif Merl I 95VIII/4 — farit ‘been’

Viti bragnar þat,         þeirs bók lesa,
hvé at spjǫllum sé         spámanns farit,
ok kynni þat         kjaldýrs viðum,
hverr fyrða sé         framsýnna hôttr
môl at rekja,          þaus menn vitut.

Bragnar, þeirs lesa bók, viti þat, hvé sé farit at spjǫllum spámanns, ok kynni þat viðum kjaldýrs, hverr hôttr framsýnna fyrða sé at rekja môl, þaus menn vitut.

May men, who read the book, know that, how the prophet’s sayings have been rendered, and teach that to trees of the keel-beast [SHIP > SEAFARERS], what the style of prophetic persons is in narrating matters that men do not know.

grammar

Verbs: Strong Verbs

The stem of the subjunctive pl. is i-mutation of the indicative pl..

lúka ‘shut, end’



Indicative Subjunctive


Present Past Present Past

Active voice
sing. 1
2
3
lýk
lýkr
lýkr
lauk
laukt
lauk
lúka
lúkir
lúki
lyka
lykir
lyki
pl. 1
2
3
lúkum
lúkið
lúka
lukum
lukuð
luku
lúkim
lúkið
lúki
lykim
lykið
lyki
infinitive
pres. part.
past part.
lúka
lúkandi
lúkinn, lúkin, lúkit

Middle voice
sing. 1
2
3
lýkumk
lýksk
lýksk
laukumk
laukzk
lauksk
lúkumk
lúkisk
lúkisk
lykumk
lykisk
lykisk
pl. 1
2
3
lúkumk
lúkizk
lúkask
lukumk
lukuzk
lukusk
lúkimk
lúkizk
lúkisk
lykimk
lykizk
lykisk
infinitive
pres. part.
past part.
lúkask
lúkandisk
lúkizk
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