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skaldic

Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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Bjbp Jóms 32I/1 — it ‘up’

Þá frák él it illa
œða Hǫlgabrúði;
glumði hagl á hlífum
harða grimt ór norðri,
þar er í ormfrán augu
ýtum skýja grjóti
— því knátti ben blása —
barði hreggi keyrðu.

Þá frák Hǫlgabrúði œða it illa él; harða grimt hagl ór norðri glumði á hlífum, þar er grjóti skýja, keyrðu hreggi, barði í ormfrán augu ýtum; því knátti ben blása.

Then I have heard Hǫlgi’s bride [= Þorgerðr] stirred up the terrible blizzard; very cruel hail from the north resounded on shields, where the gravel of clouds [HAIL], driven by the storm, beat in the snake-flashing eyes of men; therefore wounds swelled.

grammar

Pronouns and determiners: Definite article

The definite article is normally suffixed to nouns, except in some cases where it is used with an adjective. If the noun form ends in a vowel, the 'i' in the article is dropped. If the noun form ends in 'um', the 'm' and 'i' are both dropped. E.g. hesta (acc. pl.) > hestana (acc. pl. definite); hestum (dat. pl.) > hestunum (dat. pl. definite)

masc.fem.neut.
sing. N
A
G
D
inn
inn
ins
inum
in
ina
innar
inni
it
it
ins
inu
pl. N
A
G
D
inir
ina
inna
inum
inar
inar
inna
inum
in
in
inna
inum
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