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skaldic

Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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Þul Orma 2III/1 — Grafvitnir ‘Grafvitnir’

Grafvitnir, fánn,         Góinn, holtskriði,
grafningr, grettir,         Grábakr, trani,
grímr ok grafþvengr,         gargan, eitrungr,
hringr, holdvarinn,         haugvarðr, dreki.

Grafvitnir, fánn, Góinn, holtskriði, grafningr, grettir, Grábakr, trani, grímr ok grafþvengr, gargan, eitrungr, hringr, holdvarinn, haugvarðr, dreki.

Grafvitnir, gleaming one, Góinn, grove-slider, digger, grimacer, Grábakr, crane, masked one and digging-belt, shrieking one, poisonous one, ring, flesh-wary one, mound-watcher, dragon.

notes

[1] Grafvitnir: Lit. ‘digging-wolf’ (cf. graf- in the strong verb grafa ‘dig’ and grǫf f. ‘grave’ plus vitnir, a heiti for ‘wolf’). One of the mythical serpents that gnaw on the roots of the ash Yggdrasill (Grí 34/5; Gylf, SnE 2005, 19; Skm, SnE 1998, I, 90). See also the wolf-heiti vitnir (Þul Vargs 1/2 and Note there). In poetry, the name is used as a heiti for ‘serpent’ in general.

grammar

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