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skaldic

Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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RvHbreiðm Hl 59III/1 — kunni ‘could’

Haraldr kunni gný gerva
(gekk hilmis lið vekja)
— menn ruðu geir at gunni —
(gráp smíðaðra vápna)
— háði herr við prýði
hjǫrþing með dǫglingi,
hinns skyndi* byr branda —
bendags inn hárfagri.

Haraldr inn hárfagri kunni gerva gný bendags; lið hilmis gekk vekja gráp smíðaðra vápna; menn ruðu geir at gunni; herr háði hjǫrþing við prýði með dǫglingi, hinns skyndi* byr branda.

Haraldr inn hárfagri (‘the Fair-haired’) could create clamour of the wound-daylight [SWORD > BATTLE]; the troop of the ruler went to stir up a hail-storm of forged weapons [BATTLE]; men reddened the spear in battle; the army waged sword-assemblies [BATTLES] with honour alongside the leader, the one who hastened the fair breeze of blades [BATTLE].

grammar

Verbs: Preterite-present verbs

The present tense of these verbs is like the past tense of strong verbs, and their past tense is weak.

eigamegakunnaskulumunumuna
indic.
pres.
sing.


pl.
1st
2nd
3rd
1st
2nd
3rd
á
átt
á
eigum
eiguð
eigu

mátt

megum
meguð
megu
kann
kannt
kann
kunnum
kunnuð
kunnu
skal
skalt
skal
skulum
skuluð
skulu
mun
munt
mun
munum
munuð
munu
man
mant
man
munum
munið
muna
indic. past stem
subj. pres. stem
subj. past stem
átt-
eig-
ætt-
mátt-
meg-
mætt-
kunn-
kunn-
kynn-
skyld-
skyl-
skyld-
mund-
myn-
mynd-
mund-
mun-
mynd-
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