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skaldic

Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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ESk Lv 15III/3 — ferr ‘moves’

Barð rístr Gælu girði;
grefr saumr fjǫtur Tauma;
geist ferr umbgerð Óstrar;
opts men klofit Senju.
Brand þvær Bolgu lindi;
bifask stinnr sili Kinnar;
hringr þýtr Hveðru lǫngum;
hart veltr Glanar belti.

Barð rístr girði Gælu; saumr grefr fjǫtur Tauma; umbgerð Óstrar ferr geist; opts men Senju klofit. Lindi Bolgu þvær brand; stinnr sili Kinnar bifask; hringr Hveðru þýtr lǫngum; belti Glanar veltr hart.

The prow carves the girdle of Gæla <island> [SEA]; nails incise the fetter of Taumar <island> [SEA]; the sheath of Osterøy <island> [SEA] moves violently; often is the necklace of Senja <island> [SEA] cloven. The band of Bolga <island> [SEA] washes the bow; the stiff harness-strap of Kinn <island> [SEA] quivers; the ring of Hveðra <island> [SEA] roars for a long time; the belt of Glǫn <island> [SEA] rolls hard.

grammar

Verbs: Strong Verbs

The stem of the subjunctive pl. is i-mutation of the indicative pl..

lúka ‘shut, end’



Indicative Subjunctive


Present Past Present Past

Active voice
sing. 1
2
3
lýk
lýkr
lýkr
lauk
laukt
lauk
lúka
lúkir
lúki
lyka
lykir
lyki
pl. 1
2
3
lúkum
lúkið
lúka
lukum
lukuð
luku
lúkim
lúkið
lúki
lykim
lykið
lyki
infinitive
pres. part.
past part.
lúka
lúkandi
lúkinn, lúkin, lúkit

Middle voice
sing. 1
2
3
lýkumk
lýksk
lýksk
laukumk
laukzk
lauksk
lúkumk
lúkisk
lúkisk
lykumk
lykisk
lykisk
pl. 1
2
3
lúkumk
lúkizk
lúkask
lukumk
lukuzk
lukusk
lúkimk
lúkizk
lúkisk
lykimk
lykizk
lykisk
infinitive
pres. part.
past part.
lúkask
lúkandisk
lúkizk
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