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skaldic

Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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ÞSjár Þórdr 1I/3 — gekk ‘went’

Þars bǫðharðir bǫrðusk
bands jódraugar landa,
lystr gekk herr til hjǫrva
hnits í Storð á Fitjum.
Ok gimsløngvir ganga
gífrs hlémána drífu
nausta blakks it næsta
Norðmanna gram þorði.

Herr gekk lystr til hnits hjǫrva á Fitjum í Storð, þars bǫðharðir landa bands jódraugar bǫrðusk. Ok nausta blakks hlémána gífrs drífu gimsløngvir þorði ganga it næsta gram Norðmanna.

The army went eager to the clash of swords [BATTLE] at Fitjar on Stord, where the battle-hardened logs of the steed of the chain of lands [(lit. ‘steed-logs of the chain of lands’) SEA > SHIP > SEAFARERS] fought. And the slinger of the fire of the storm of the troll-woman of the shielding moon of the horse of boathouses [(lit. ‘fire-slinger of the storm of the troll-woman of the shielding moon of the horse of boathouses’) SHIP > SHIELD > AXE > BATTLE > SWORD > WARRIOR] dared to advance next to the lord of the Norwegians [NORWEGIAN KING = Hákon].

grammar

Verbs: Strong Verbs

The stem of the subjunctive pl. is i-mutation of the indicative pl..

lúka ‘shut, end’



Indicative Subjunctive


Present Past Present Past

Active voice
sing. 1
2
3
lýk
lýkr
lýkr
lauk
laukt
lauk
lúka
lúkir
lúki
lyka
lykir
lyki
pl. 1
2
3
lúkum
lúkið
lúka
lukum
lukuð
luku
lúkim
lúkið
lúki
lykim
lykið
lyki
infinitive
pres. part.
past part.
lúka
lúkandi
lúkinn, lúkin, lúkit

Middle voice
sing. 1
2
3
lýkumk
lýksk
lýksk
laukumk
laukzk
lauksk
lúkumk
lúkisk
lúkisk
lykumk
lykisk
lykisk
pl. 1
2
3
lúkumk
lúkizk
lúkask
lukumk
lukuzk
lukusk
lúkimk
lúkizk
lúkisk
lykimk
lykizk
lykisk
infinitive
pres. part.
past part.
lúkask
lúkandisk
lúkizk
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