ÞjóðA Lv 1II/1 — Leiða ‘affect’
Leiða langar dauða
limar illa mik stillis;
bôrut menn inn mæra
Magnús í grǫf fúsir.
Langar limar dauða stillis leiða mik illa; menn bôrut inn mæra Magnús fúsir í grǫf.
The long branches of the death of the ruler affect me grievously; men did not carry the glorious Magnús gladly [lit. glad] into the grave.
notes
[1, 2] limar; leiða ‘branches; affect’: Both mss clearly have f. pl. limar (unabbreviated in W), and A has the f. pl. adj. langar (though W has abbreviated m. pl. ‘langer’, normalised langir), so the noun seems to be limar f. ‘branches, boughs, offshoots’ rather than limir m. ‘limbs’ or ‘joints’. A similar figurative use of limar, meaning ‘consequences’, together with the verb leiða ‘lead, conduct’, is found in Reg 4, in the proverbial of lengi leiða limar ósaðra orða ‘too long do the branches of untrue words lead (one)’ (NK 174, here reordered as prose). The sense of leiða is slightly elusive in both contexts, but probably ‘lead’ shades into ‘affect’ (see the discussion by Björn Magnússon Ólsen, TGT 1884, 187-8). On the tense of leiða, see Context above.
grammar
Weak verbs: Type 1
| berja ‘fight’ | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indicative | Subjunctive | Imp. | ||||
| Present | Past | Present | Past | Pres. | ||
| Active voice | ||||||
| sing. pl. | 1 2 3 1 2 3 | ber berr berr berjum berjið berja | barða barðir barði bǫrðum bǫrðuð bǫrðu | berja berir beri berim berið beri | berða berðir berði berðim berðið berði | ber berjum berið |
| infinitive pres. part. past part. | berja berjandi bar(i)t | |||||
| Middle voice | ||||||
| sing. pl. | 1 2 3 1 2 3 | berjumk bersk bersk berjumk berizk berjask | bǫrðumk barðisk barðisk bǫrðumk bǫðuzk bǫrðusk | berjumk berisk berisk berimk berizk berisk | berðumk berðisk berðisk berðimk berðizk berðisk | bersk berjumk berizk |
| infinitive pres. part. past part. | berjask berjandisk bar(i)zk | |||||
| heyra ‘hear’ | ||||||
| Indicative | Subjunctive | Imp. | ||||
| Present | Past | Present | Past | Pres. | ||
| Active voice | ||||||
| sing. pl. | 1 2 3 1 2 3 | heyri heyrir heyrir heyrum heryið heyra | heyrða heyrðir heyrði heyrðum heyrðuð heyrðu | heyra heyrir heyri heyrim heyrið heyri | heyrða heyrðir heyrði heyrðim heyrðið heyrði | heyr heyrum heyrið |
| infinitive pres. part. past part. | heyra heyrandi heyr(i)t | |||||
| Middle voice | ||||||
| sing. pl. | 1 2 3 1 2 3 | heyrumk heyrisk heyrisk heyrumk heyrizk heyrask | heyrðumk heyrðisk heyrðisk heyrðumk heyrðuzk heyrðusk | heyrumk heyrisk heyrisk heyrimk heyrizk heyrisk | heyrðumk heyrðisk heyrðisk heyrðimk heyrðizk heyrðisk | heyrsk heyrumk heyrizk |
| infinitive pres. part. past part. | heyrask heyrandisk heyrzk | |||||