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skaldic

Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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Anon (HSig) 3II/1 — Ferk ‘I dress’

Ferk í vánda verju;
verr nauð of mér snauðum;
kǫsungr fær víst í vási
vǫmm; en þat vas skǫmmu.
Endr vas hitt, at hrunði
hringkofl of mik inga;
gǫgl bôru sik sára
svǫng; en þat vas lǫngu.

Ferk í vánda verju; verr nauð of snauðum mér; kǫsungr fær víst vǫmm í vási; en þat vas skǫmmu. Hitt vas endr, at hringkofl inga hrunði of mik; gǫgl sára bôru sik svǫng; en þat vas lǫngu.

I dress in a coarse cloak; it defends miserable me against distress; the shirt certainly suffers damage in the toil; and that was recently. It was earlier, that the ring-cowl of the king fell around me; goslings of wounds [RAVENS/EAGLES] moved hungrily; but that was long ago.

grammar

Verbs: Strong Verbs

The stem of the subjunctive pl. is i-mutation of the indicative pl..

lúka ‘shut, end’



Indicative Subjunctive


Present Past Present Past

Active voice
sing. 1
2
3
lýk
lýkr
lýkr
lauk
laukt
lauk
lúka
lúkir
lúki
lyka
lykir
lyki
pl. 1
2
3
lúkum
lúkið
lúka
lukum
lukuð
luku
lúkim
lúkið
lúki
lykim
lykið
lyki
infinitive
pres. part.
past part.
lúka
lúkandi
lúkinn, lúkin, lúkit

Middle voice
sing. 1
2
3
lýkumk
lýksk
lýksk
laukumk
laukzk
lauksk
lúkumk
lúkisk
lúkisk
lykumk
lykisk
lykisk
pl. 1
2
3
lúkumk
lúkizk
lúkask
lukumk
lukuzk
lukusk
lúkimk
lúkizk
lúkisk
lykimk
lykizk
lykisk
infinitive
pres. part.
past part.
lúkask
lúkandisk
lúkizk
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