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Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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Vetrl Lv 1III

R. D. Fulk (ed.) 2017, ‘Vetrliði Sumarliðason, Lausavísa 1’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 425.

Vetrliði SumarliðasonLausavísa1

Leggi brauzt Leiknar;         lamðir Þrívalda;
steypðir Starkeði;         stétt of Gjalp dauða.

Brauzt leggi Leiknar; lamðir Þrívalda; steypðir Starkeði; stétt of dauða Gjalp.

You broke the bones of Leikn; you thrashed Þrívaldi; you overthrew Starkaðr; you stepped over the dead Gjálp.

Mss: R(22r), Tˣ(22v), W(47), U(27v-28r) (SnE)

Readings: [2] lamðir: so all others, ‘limþir’ R    [3] Starkeði: so W, ‘stalkeði’ R, ‘starcadi’ Tˣ, ‘starkaþe’ U    [4] stétt: so all others, stótt R;    Gjalp: ‘gialf’ W, U

Editions: Skj AI, 135, Skj BI, 127, Skald I, 71; SnE 1848-87, I, 258-9, II, 310, III, 19, SnE 1848, 54, SnE 1931, 97, SnE 1998, I, 17.

Context: This is one of many helmingar cited in Skm illustrating epithets for Þórr.

Notes: [1] Leiknar ‘of Leikn’: Apparently a troll-woman or a giantess killed by Þórr. See Þul Trollkvenna 4/7 and Note there. — [2] Þrívalda ‘Þrívaldi’: A giant whose name means ‘With Triple Strength’ (see Note to Þul Jǫtna I 3/2 and Bragi Frag 3/2). In Skm (SnE 1998, I, 14), Þórr is called Þrívaldi’s killer. — [3] Starkeði ‘Starkaðr’: Starkaðr, the grandfather of the legendary hero Starkaðr gamli ‘the Old’ Stórvirksson, was a giant killed by Þórr. See also Notes to Þul Jǫtna I 4/1 and SnSt Ht 98 [All]. For the etymology and different grammatical forms of the name Starkaðr, see AEW: starkr and LP: Starkaðr. — [4] stétt ‘you stepped’: So , W, U. This is a form of strong verb stíga ‘step’ (Gmc *staig-t > *staiht > stétt;  cf. the old 3rd pers. sg. pret. sté), though Faulkes (SnE 1998, I, 17) adopts the reading stóttu ‘you stood’ (a form of standa ‘stand’) on the basis of R. If the verb intended were a form of standa, the prep. of ‘over’ would require the dat., though dauða ‘dead’ is acc. sg. The form in all the mss other than R is thus to be preferred. — [4] Gjalp ‘Gjálp’: This is the daughter of Geirrøðr (a giant), killed by Þórr, as narrated in Skm (SnE 1998, I, 25). See also Þul Trollkvenna 2/1 and Note there. The name is attested in two variant forms, Gjalp and Gjǫlp. In the latter, ǫ was lengthened to ô and subsequently merged with á (cf. sjǫlf > sjálf ‘self’; a in Gjalp was lengthened as well). Since none of the ms. spellings indicates <ǫ> here, the form Gjalp is preferable.

References

  1. Bibliography
  2. SnE 1848-87 = Snorri Sturluson. 1848-87. Edda Snorra Sturlusonar: Edda Snorronis Sturlaei. Ed. Jón Sigurðsson et al. 3 vols. Copenhagen: Legatum Arnamagnaeanum. Rpt. Osnabrück: Zeller, 1966.
  3. SnE 1848 = Sveinbjörn Egilsson, ed. 1848. Edda Snorra Sturlusonar, eða Gylfaginning, Skáldskaparmál og Háttatal. Reykjavík: Prentsmiðja landsins.
  4. Skald = Kock, Ernst Albin, ed. 1946-50. Den norsk-isländska skaldediktningen. 2 vols. Lund: Gleerup.
  5. AEW = Vries, Jan de. 1962. Altnordisches etymologisches Wörterbuch. 2nd rev. edn. Rpt. 1977. Leiden: Brill.
  6. LP = Finnur Jónsson, ed. 1931. Lexicon poeticum antiquæ linguæ septentrionalis: Ordbog over det norsk-islandske skjaldesprog oprindelig forfattet af Sveinbjörn Egilsson. 2nd edn. Copenhagen: Møller.
  7. SnE 1931 = Snorri Sturluson. 1931. Edda Snorra Sturlusonar. Ed. Finnur Jónsson. Copenhagen: Gyldendal.
  8. SnE 1998 = Snorri Sturluson. 1998. Edda: Skáldskaparmál. Ed. Anthony Faulkes. 2 vols. University College London: Viking Society for Northern Research.
  9. Internal references
  10. (forthcoming), ‘ Snorri Sturluson, Skáldskaparmál’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. . <https://skaldic.org/m.php?p=text&i=112> (accessed 29 March 2024)
  11. Elena Gurevich (ed.) 2017, ‘Anonymous Þulur, Jǫtna heiti I 3’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 710.
  12. Elena Gurevich (ed.) 2017, ‘Anonymous Þulur, Jǫtna heiti I 4’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 713.
  13. Elena Gurevich (ed.) 2017, ‘Anonymous Þulur, Trollkvenna heiti 2’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 725.
  14. Elena Gurevich (ed.) 2017, ‘Anonymous Þulur, Trollkvenna heiti 4’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 729.
  15. Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.) 2017, ‘Bragi inn gamli Boddason, Fragments 3’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 58.
  16. Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2017, ‘Snorri Sturluson, Háttatal 98’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 1206.
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