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Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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Þfagr Sveinn 3II

Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2009, ‘Þorleikr fagri, Flokkr about Sveinn Úlfsson 3’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 315-16.

Þorleikr fagriFlokkr about Sveinn Úlfsson
234

Fœrir reiðr, sás rauða
rǫnd hefr opt fyr lǫndum,
breið á Buðla slóðir
borðraukn Haraldr norðan.
En lauks of sæ sœkja
Sveins fagrdrifin steini
glæsidýr, þess’s geira,
gullmunnuð, rýðr, sunnan.

Reiðr Haraldr, sás opt hefr rauða rǫnd fyr lǫndum, fœrir {breið borðraukn} norðan á {slóðir Buðla}. En {gullmunnuð glæsidýr lauks} Sveins, þess’s rýðr geira, sœkja sunnan of sæ, fagrdrifin steini.

The enraged Haraldr, who frequently raises the red shield-rim off the shores, steers {the broad draught-animals of the ship-board} [SHIPS] from the north onto {Buðli’s <sea-king’s> trails} [SEA]. And {the gold-mouthed splendid beasts of the mast} [SHIPS] of Sveinn, who reddens spears, advance from the south across the sea, beautifully covered with colour.

Mss: Mork(9r) (Mork); Flat(197vb) (Flat); H(45r), Hr(32rb) (H-Hr); FskBˣ(70v-71r) (Fsk); Kˣ(542v), 39(23vb), F(45vb), E(16r), J2ˣ(270v) (Hkr)

Readings: [1] Fœrir: ‘Fær’ Flat;    rauða: randa Flat    [2] lǫndum: landi Kˣ, 39, F, E, J2ˣ    [4] ‑raukn: ‑rǫgn Hr, 39, F    [7] glæsidýr: ‘glæsibyr’ Flat, ‘glæ dyrð’ 39, ‘gloar dyrð’ F;    geira: geisa Hr, geiri FskBˣ    [8] ‑munnuð: ‑munnuðr Flat, 39, F, ‑munni Hr;    rýðr: fyrir with a word erased before it Flat, ríðr FskBˣ, Kˣ

Editions: Skj AI, 397, Skj BI, 366, Skald I, 183; Mork 1867, 55, Mork 1928-32, 161-2, Andersson and Gade 2000, 198-9, 476 (MH); Flat 1860-8, III, 338 (MH); Fms 6, 257 (HSig ch. 50); ÍF 29, 254 (ch. 55); ÍF 28, 113-14 (HSig ch. 34), F 1871, 213, E 1916, 56.

Context: As st. 3 above.

Notes: [2] hefr ‘raises’: This verb can be 3rd pers. sg. pres. indic. of hefja ‘raise, hoist’ or hafa ‘have’ (so Skj B). — [2] lǫndum (n. dat. pl.) ‘shores’: Lit. ‘lands’. The Hkr variant landi (n. dat. sg.) ‘shore, land’ is also possible. — [3] á slóðir Buðla ‘onto Buðli’s <sea-king’s> trails [SEA]’: For the use of the acc. after the preposition á ‘on’, see Note to st. 2/3 above. Buðli was a legendary king, the father of Atli (see Akv, Am and Ill Har 4/3). The name also occurs as the name of a sea-king, and it is unclear whether the two are identical (see LP: Buðli 1-2). — [6] fagrdrifin steini ‘beautifully covered with colour’: Ships could be adorned with painted pictures (see Jesch 2001a, 144, 158; Steinn Óldr 13/2). See also the description in Encomium Emmae Reginae of Sveinn tjúguskegg’s fleet setting out to conquer England (Campbell 1998, 4, 4, pp. 12-13): Sed quid nunc tibi latera carinarum memorem, non modo ornatitiis depicta coloribus, uerum etiam aureis argenteisque aspera signis ‘But why should I now dwell upon the sides of the ships, which were not only painted with ornate colours, but were covered with gold and silver figures’. — [8] gullmunnuð ‘gold-mouthed’: Refers to golden animal heads used as stem ornaments (see Notes to Valg Har 10/5, 11/4 and Gísl Magnkv 16/5).

References

  1. Bibliography
  2. Skj B = Finnur Jónsson, ed. 1912-15b. Den norsk-islandske skjaldedigtning. B: Rettet tekst. 2 vols. Copenhagen: Villadsen & Christensen. Rpt. 1973. Copenhagen: Rosenkilde & Bagger.
  3. Fms = Sveinbjörn Egilsson et al., eds. 1825-37. Fornmanna sögur eptir gömlum handritum útgefnar að tilhlutun hins norræna fornfræða fèlags. 12 vols. Copenhagen: Popp.
  4. Skald = Kock, Ernst Albin, ed. 1946-50. Den norsk-isländska skaldediktningen. 2 vols. Lund: Gleerup.
  5. LP = Finnur Jónsson, ed. 1931. Lexicon poeticum antiquæ linguæ septentrionalis: Ordbog over det norsk-islandske skjaldesprog oprindelig forfattet af Sveinbjörn Egilsson. 2nd edn. Copenhagen: Møller.
  6. Andersson, Theodore M. and Kari Ellen Gade, trans. 2000. Morkinskinna: The Earliest Icelandic Chronicle of the Norwegian Kings (1030-1157). Islandica 51. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press.
  7. Jesch, Judith. 2001a. Ships and Men in the Late Viking Age: The Vocabulary of Runic Inscriptions and Skaldic Verse. Woodbridge: Boydell.
  8. Flat 1860-8 = Gudbrand Vigfusson [Guðbrandur Vigfússon] and C. R. Unger, eds. 1860-8. Flateyjarbók. En samling af norske konge-sagaer med indskudte mindre fortællinger om begivenheder i og udenfor Norge samt annaler. 3 vols. Christiania (Oslo): Malling.
  9. Mork 1928-32 = Finnur Jónsson, ed. 1928-32. Morkinskinna. SUGNL 53. Copenhagen: Jørgensen.
  10. ÍF 26-8 = Heimskringla. Ed. Bjarni Aðalbjarnarson. 1941-51.
  11. F 1871 = Unger, C. R., ed. 1871. Fríssbók: Codex Frisianus. En samling af norske konge-sagaer. Christiania (Oslo): Malling.
  12. Campbell, Alistair, ed. 1998. Encomium Emmae Reginae. Edition of 1949 with a supplementary introduction by Simon Keynes. Camden Classic Reprints 4. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  13. E 1916 = Finnur Jónsson, ed. 1916. Eirspennill: AM 47 fol. Nóregs konunga sǫgur: Magnús góði – Hákon gamli. Kristiania (Oslo): Den norske historiske kildeskriftskommission.
  14. ÍF 29 = Ágrip af Nóregskonunga sǫgum; Fagrskinna—Nóregs konungatal. Ed. Bjarni Einarsson. 1985.
  15. Mork 1867 = Unger, C. R., ed. 1867. Morkinskinna: Pergamentsbog fra første halvdel af det trettende aarhundrede. Indeholdende en af de ældste optegnelser af norske kongesagaer. Oslo: Bentzen.
  16. Internal references
  17. (forthcoming), ‘ Unattributed, Heimskringla’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, p. . <https://skaldic.org/m.php?p=text&i=4> (accessed 28 March 2024)
  18. (forthcoming), ‘ Heimskringla, Haralds saga Sigurðssonar’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, p. . <https://skaldic.org/m.php?p=text&i=142> (accessed 28 March 2024)
  19. (forthcoming), ‘ Unattributed, Magnúss saga góða ok Haralds harðráða’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, p. . <https://skaldic.org/m.php?p=text&i=147> (accessed 28 March 2024)
  20. Not published: do not cite ()
  21. Not published: do not cite ()
  22. Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2009, ‘Gísl Illugason, Erfikvæði about Magnús berfœttr 16’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 427-8.
  23. Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2009, ‘Illugi bryndœlaskáld, Poem about Haraldr harðráði 4’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 285.
  24. Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2009, ‘Steinn Herdísarson, Óláfsdrápa 13’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 378-9.
  25. Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2009, ‘Valgarðr á Velli, Poem about Haraldr harðráði 10’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 308-9.
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