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Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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SnSt Ht 19III

Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2017, ‘Snorri Sturluson, Háttatal 19’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 1124.

Snorri SturlusonHáttatal
181920

Segl skekr of hlyn Huglar
(hvast drífa skip) rasta,
en fǫll of gram Gylli
(grunn) djúp hata unna.
Né Rán viðr hafhreinum
(háraust skapar flaustum)
— hrǫnn fyr húfi þunnum
heil klofnar — frið (deilu).

Segl skekr of {hlyn {rasta Huglar}}, en djúp fǫll of gram hata {Gylli unna}; grunn skip drífa hvast. Né viðr Rán {hafhreinum} frið; háraust skapar flaustum deilu; heil hrǫnn klofnar fyr þunnum húfi.

The sail shakes above {the maple-tree {of Huglo’s <island’s> currents}} [SEA > SHIP], and the deep breakers around the lord do damage to {the Gyllir <horse> of the waves} [SHIP]; the shallow ships move speedily. Nor does Rán <sea-goddess> give peace to {the sea-reindeer} [SHIPS]; the loud-voiced one [= Rán] creates strife for the ships; an unbroken wave is split before the slender hull.

Mss: R(47r-v), Tˣ(49v), W(142), U(47r) (l. 1), U(51r) (SnE)

Readings: [1] of: ok U(51r)    [2] rasta: rastar U(51r)    [3] fǫll: fell U(51r);    Gylli: so all others, gulli R    [4] unna: so all others, ‘[…]’ R    [5] Né: so all others, ‘[…]e’ R;    Rán: raun W;    viðr: við all;    haf‑: hal U(51r);    ‑hreinum: hanum Tˣ, U(51r), hreini W    [6] há‑: haf U(51r);    skapar: skipar W, stafar U(51r)    [7] húfi: hafi U(51r)

Editions: Skj AII, 57, Skj BII, 66, Skald II, 38, NN §1303; SnE 1848-87 I, 628-9, II, 370, 383, III, 115, SnE 1879-81, I, 3, 76, II, 11, SnE 1931, 225, SnE 2007, 13; Konráð Gíslason 1895-7, I, 12-13.

Context: As sts 17-18 above. Lines 4 and 8 contain refhvǫrf.

Notes: [All]: The headings are .xii. háttr ‘the twelfth verse-form’ () and in .iij. refhvǫrf ‘the third fox-turns’ (U(47r)). According to Snorri (SnE 2007, 13), sts 17-19 illustrate the greater refhvǫrf variants and of these three stanzas, st. 19 contains the smallest amount of refhvǫrf. — [All]: The following words contain antitheses: grunn ‘shallow’ : djúp ‘deep’; hata ‘hate’ : unna ‘love’ (taken as an inf. rather than as the noun unna f. gen. pl. ‘of the waves’) (l. 4); heil ‘unbroken’ : klofnar ‘cloven’; frið ‘peace’ : deilu ‘strife’ (l. 8). — [1-4]: Following Sveinbjörn Egilsson (SnE 1848-87, III), Skj B construes grunnfǫll Huglar ‘the shallows of Huglo’, hlyn rasta ‘the maple-tree of currents’ i.e. ‘ship’ and djúp skip ‘the deep ships’ (so also SnE 2007, 13). This creates an unnecessarily convoluted word order (see NN §1303). — [1] Huglar ‘Huglo’s <island’s>’: An island (f. nom. sg. Hugl) off the coast of Sunnhordland, western Norway (see Note to ESk Lv 8/5). — [2] rasta (f. gen. pl.) ‘currents’: Altered to rastir (nom. or acc. pl.) ‘paths’ in R (R*). — [3] of gram ‘around the lord’: Skj B places this prepositional phrase in the first clause of the helmingr (so also Konráð Gíslason 1895-7), while SnE 1879-81 takes it with the second clause. In both cases this results in an unprecedented tripartite odd line. The present edn follows Skald and SnE 2007. — [3] Gylli ‘to the Gyllir <horse>’: A horse otherwise mentioned in Grímnismál (Grí 30/1; see also Þul Hesta 1/1 and Anon Þorgþ I 3/6). — [4] grunn (adj.) ‘shallow’: Taken here (with Skald) as a n. pl. acc. qualifying skip ‘ships’ (l. 2). Other eds construe it as the first element of a cpd, grunnfǫll ‘shallows’. — [5] Rán ‘Rán <sea-goddess>’: Wife of Ægir, god of the sea or sea-giant in Old Norse myth, and hence a personification of the sea. — [5] viðr (3rd pers. sg. pres. indic.) ‘does ... give’: The prep. við ‘with, against’ leaves the clause without a verb. — [6] háraust (f. nom. sg.) ‘the loud-voiced one [= Rán]’: This is taken as the subject of the second clause (so also SnE 1848-87). It could also qualify Rán in the first sentence, leaving the second clause with a suppressed subject (so most earlier eds). See also raustljótar ‘ugly-voiced’ referring to waves in RvHbreiðm Hl 54/6.

References

  1. Bibliography
  2. Skj B = Finnur Jónsson, ed. 1912-15b. Den norsk-islandske skjaldedigtning. B: Rettet tekst. 2 vols. Copenhagen: Villadsen & Christensen. Rpt. 1973. Copenhagen: Rosenkilde & Bagger.
  3. SnE 1848-87 = Snorri Sturluson. 1848-87. Edda Snorra Sturlusonar: Edda Snorronis Sturlaei. Ed. Jón Sigurðsson et al. 3 vols. Copenhagen: Legatum Arnamagnaeanum. Rpt. Osnabrück: Zeller, 1966.
  4. Skald = Kock, Ernst Albin, ed. 1946-50. Den norsk-isländska skaldediktningen. 2 vols. Lund: Gleerup.
  5. NN = Kock, Ernst Albin. 1923-44. Notationes Norrœnæ: Anteckningar till Edda och skaldediktning. Lunds Universitets årsskrift new ser. 1. 28 vols. Lund: Gleerup.
  6. SnE 1931 = Snorri Sturluson. 1931. Edda Snorra Sturlusonar. Ed. Finnur Jónsson. Copenhagen: Gyldendal.
  7. Konráð Gíslason. 1895-7. Efterladte skrifter. 2 vols. I: Forelæsninger over oldnordiske skjaldekvad. II: Forelæsninger og videnskablige afhandlinger. Copenhagen: Gyldendal.
  8. SnE 2007 = Snorri Sturluson. 2007. Edda: Háttatal. Ed. Anthony Faulkes. 2nd edn. University College London: Viking Society for Northern Research.
  9. SnE 1879-81 = Möbius, Theodor, ed. 1879-81. Hattatal Snorra Sturlusonar. 2 vols. Halle an de Saale: Verlag der Buchhandlung des Waisenhauses.
  10. Internal references
  11. Elena Gurevich (ed.) 2017, ‘Anonymous Þulur, Þorgrímsþula I 3’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 674.
  12. Elena Gurevich (ed.) 2017, ‘Anonymous Þulur, Hesta heiti 1’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 935.
  13. Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2017, ‘Einarr Skúlason, Lausavísur 8’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 171.
  14. Not published: do not cite ()
  15. Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2017, ‘Rǫgnvaldr jarl and Hallr Þórarinsson, Háttalykill 54’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 1061.
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