Ólhv Frag 8III
Tarrin Wills (ed.) 2017, ‘Óláfr hvítaskáld Þórðarson, Fragments 8’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 308.
Kjǫlr brunar kløkkr á fǫlvar
krapthár meginbárur.
Krapthár kløkkr kjǫlr brunar á fǫlvar meginbárur.
The high-planked, flexing keel speeds over the white large waves.
Mss: A(7r), W(109) (TGT)
Readings: [1] brunar: brunn W
Editions: Skj AI, 600, Skj BI, 599, Skald I, 292, NN §2125n; SnE 1818, 330, SnE 1848, 196, SnE 1848-87, II, 170-1, 423, III, 150, TGT 1884, 28, 109, 226, TGT 1927, 81, 106.
Context: Cited as an example of synecdoche, where a part is substituted for the whole (i.e. pars pro toto), here kjǫlr ‘keel’ for ‘ship’.
Notes: [All]: The example in Donatus (Holtz 1981, 669, from Aeneid I, 399) is puppesque tuae pubesque tuorum ‘your sterns and your youths’. In his commentary, Sedulius Scottus adds (CCCM 40B, 382), A puppibus enim naues significat ‘By “sterns” ships are meant’. Óláfr likewise comments (TGT 1927, 81): Hér er kjǫlr settr fyrir ǫllu því skipi ‘Here “keel” is used for the whole of that ship’. Donatus (loc. cit., from Aeneid I, 114-15) also has a second example, ingens a vertice pontus in puppim ferit ‘a huge sea strikes the stern from the top’. Ship parts are common examples of this type of synecdoche, but the similarity of the examples suggests influence of the Latin on the Old Norse couplet. — [All]: An example of rétthent ‘consistently-rhymed’ metre (cf. SnSt Ht 42), that is, where there are full rhymes in odd and even lines. — [2] krapthár ‘high-planked’: Hap. leg. of uncertain meaning. Finnur Jónsson (LP: krapthôr) suggests höj ved sin kraft, kraftig ‘tall by its strength, strong’ but also admits the possibility that it could derive from krapti ‘bollard’ (see Þul Skipa 9/5 and Note). The present reading derives from the latter interpretation.
References
- Bibliography
- TGT 1884 = Björn Magnússon Ólsen, ed. 1884. Den tredje og fjærde grammatiske afhandling i Snorres Edda tilligemed de grammatiske afhandlingers prolog og to andre tillæg. SUGNL 12. Copenhagen: Knudtzon.
- SnE 1848-87 = Snorri Sturluson. 1848-87. Edda Snorra Sturlusonar: Edda Snorronis Sturlaei. Ed. Jón Sigurðsson et al. 3 vols. Copenhagen: Legatum Arnamagnaeanum. Rpt. Osnabrück: Zeller, 1966.
- SnE 1848 = Sveinbjörn Egilsson, ed. 1848. Edda Snorra Sturlusonar, eða Gylfaginning, Skáldskaparmál og Háttatal. Reykjavík: Prentsmiðja landsins.
- Skald = Kock, Ernst Albin, ed. 1946-50. Den norsk-isländska skaldediktningen. 2 vols. Lund: Gleerup.
- NN = Kock, Ernst Albin. 1923-44. Notationes Norrœnæ: Anteckningar till Edda och skaldediktning. Lunds Universitets årsskrift new ser. 1. 28 vols. Lund: Gleerup.
- LP = Finnur Jónsson, ed. 1931. Lexicon poeticum antiquæ linguæ septentrionalis: Ordbog over det norsk-islandske skjaldesprog oprindelig forfattet af Sveinbjörn Egilsson. 2nd edn. Copenhagen: Møller.
- CCCM = [Anonymous] Corpus Christianorum. 1971-. Continuatio mediaevalis. Turnhout: Brepols.
- TGT 1927 = Finnur Jónsson, ed. 1927b. Óláfr Þórðarson: Málhljóða- og málskrúðsrit. Grammatisk-retorisk afhandling. Det kgl. Danske Videnskabernes Selskab. Historisk-filologiske meddelelser 13, 2. Copenhagen: Høst.
- SnE 1818 = Rask, Rasmus Kristian, ed. 1818a. Snorra Edda ásamt Skáldu og þarmeð fylgjandi ritgjörðum. Stockholm: Elmen.
- Holtz, Louis, ed. 1981. Donat et la tradition de l’enseignement grammatical: Étude sur l’Ars Donari et sa diffusion (IVe-IXe siècle) et édition critique. Paris: Centre national de la recherche scientifique.
- Internal references
- Elena Gurevich (ed.) 2017, ‘Anonymous Þulur, Skipa heiti 9’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 874.
- Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2017, ‘Snorri Sturluson, Háttatal 42’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 1151.
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