Anon (TGT) 8III
Tarrin Wills (ed.) 2017, ‘Anonymous Lausavísur, Stanzas from the Third Grammatical Treatise 8’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 543.
Hringlestir gekk hraustan
herjum kunnr at gunni.
{Hringlestir}, kunnr herjum, gekk hraustan at gunni.
{The ring-breaker} [GENEROUS MAN], known to people, went bravely to battle.
Mss: A(4v), W(103) (TGT)
Readings: [2] herjum: hverjum W
Editions: Skj AI, 599, Skj BI, 599, Skald I, 292; SnE 1818, 314, SnE 1848, 185, SnE 1848-87, II, 114-15, 410, III, 140, TGT 1884, 17, 75, 182, TGT 1927, 51, 95.
Context: Cited as an example of soloecismus involving the use of an incorrect part of speech, here the adjective hraustan m. acc. sg. ‘brave’ instead of the adverb hraustliga ‘bravely’. The use of an adjective for an adverb is a common feature of skaldic verse, but the accusative form used in this way is rare (see Note to l. 1 below).
Notes: [1] hraustan ‘bravely’: According to Óláfr, acc. hraustan is used adverbially (TGT 1927, 51): Hér er þetta nafn, hraustan, sett fyrir þessu viðrorði, hraustliga ‘Here this nomen “brave” is used instead of the adverb “bravely”’. Cf. Nj 1875-89, II, 642 and Note to ÞKolb Eirdr 2/5I ólítinn, which cites the ModIcel. að fara mikinn, lit. ‘to go all out’ (so ÍF 26, 276 n.). — [2] kunnr herjum ‘known to people’: I.e. famous. Both ‘people’ and ‘warriors’ can be meant by the noun here. The same phrase occurs in Eskál Vell 14/3I.
References
- Bibliography
- TGT 1884 = Björn Magnússon Ólsen, ed. 1884. Den tredje og fjærde grammatiske afhandling i Snorres Edda tilligemed de grammatiske afhandlingers prolog og to andre tillæg. SUGNL 12. Copenhagen: Knudtzon.
- SnE 1848-87 = Snorri Sturluson. 1848-87. Edda Snorra Sturlusonar: Edda Snorronis Sturlaei. Ed. Jón Sigurðsson et al. 3 vols. Copenhagen: Legatum Arnamagnaeanum. Rpt. Osnabrück: Zeller, 1966.
- Nj 1875-89 = Konráð Gíslason and Eiríkur Jónsson. 1875-89. Njála: Udgivet efter gamle håndskrifter. Íslendingasögur udgivne efter gamle haandskrifter af Det Kongelige Nordiske Oldskrift-selskab 4. Copenhagen: Thiele.
- SnE 1848 = Sveinbjörn Egilsson, ed. 1848. Edda Snorra Sturlusonar, eða Gylfaginning, Skáldskaparmál og Háttatal. Reykjavík: Prentsmiðja landsins.
- Skald = Kock, Ernst Albin, ed. 1946-50. Den norsk-isländska skaldediktningen. 2 vols. Lund: Gleerup.
- ÍF 26-8 = Heimskringla. Ed. Bjarni Aðalbjarnarson. 1941-51.
- TGT 1927 = Finnur Jónsson, ed. 1927b. Óláfr Þórðarson: Málhljóða- og málskrúðsrit. Grammatisk-retorisk afhandling. Det kgl. Danske Videnskabernes Selskab. Historisk-filologiske meddelelser 13, 2. Copenhagen: Høst.
- SnE 1818 = Rask, Rasmus Kristian, ed. 1818a. Snorra Edda ásamt Skáldu og þarmeð fylgjandi ritgjörðum. Stockholm: Elmen.
- Internal references
- Edith Marold (ed.) 2012, ‘Einarr skálaglamm Helgason, Vellekla 14’ in Diana Whaley (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 1: From Mythical Times to c. 1035. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 1. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 301.
- R. D. Fulk (ed.) 2022, ‘Njáls saga 18 (Skarpheðinn Njálsson, Lausavísur 3)’ in Margaret Clunies Ross, Kari Ellen Gade and Tarrin Wills (eds), Poetry in Sagas of Icelanders. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 5. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 1243.
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