Þul Sækonunga 3^III

Hjǫrolfr ok Hrauðungr,         Hǫgni, Mýsingr,
Hundingr, Hvítingr,         Heiti, Mævill,
Hjalmarr, Móir,         Hœmir, Mævi,
Róði, Rakni,         Rær ok Leifi.

Hjǫrolfr ok Hrauðungr, Hǫgni, Mýsingr, Hundingr, Hvítingr, Heiti, Mævill, Hjalmarr, Móir, Hœmir, Mævi, Róði, Rakni, Rær ok Leifi.

Hjǫrólfr and Hrauðungr, Hǫgni, Mýsingr, Hundingr, Hvítingr, Heiti, Mævill, Hjálmarr, Móir, Hœmir, Mævi, Róði, Rakni, Rær and Leifi.

Mss: R(42r), Tˣ(43v), C(11r), A(17r), B(8r), 744ˣ(54r-v) (SnE)

Readings: [1] Hjǫrolfr: Hrólfr C, ‘[…]lf[…]’ B, ‘H . . . olfr’ 744ˣ;    ok: ‘[…]’ B, ‘.’ 744ˣ;    Hrauðungr: hrauðungi Tˣ, ‘[…]’ B, ‘. . . e᷎nndolfr’ 744ˣ    [3] Hundingr: om. C, ‘h[…]ngr’ B, ‘h …..inngr’ 744ˣ;    Hvítingr: ‘hvitin[…]r’ B, ‘hvitíngr’ 744ˣ    [4] Heiti: so all others, ‘hei[…]’ R;    Mævill: so C, A, B, ‘[…]efill’ R, ‘mefill’ Tˣ    [5] Hjalmarr: so Tˣ, C, B, ‘hia[…]arr’ R, ‘hialmarr’ corrected from ‘kialmarr’ A;    Móir (‘moerr’): ‘moier’ B    [6] Hœmir: ‘homir’ Tˣ, ‘[…]’ B, ‘heinir’ 744ˣ;    Mævi: ‘mo᷎ui’ Tˣ, mævir C, ‘mæ[…]’ B, ‘me᷎ui’ 744ˣ    [7] Róði: ‘[…]de’ B, ‘roðe’ 744ˣ;    Rakni: rakin A, ‘racki’ B    [8] Rær: so A, ‘rer’ R, Tˣ, C, ok rér B;    ok: om. B

Editions: Skj AI, 653, Skj BI, 658, Skald I, 323; SnE 1848-87, I, 547-8, II, 468-9, 552, 614, SnE 1931, 194, SnE 1998, I, 110.

Notes: [1] Hjǫrolfr: The name of several legendary persons in the fornaldarsögur (e.g. the brother of king Hálfr in Hálf), but it is not attested in kennings. Hjǫrolfr is an old cpd pers. n. (from hjǫrr m. ‘sword’ and ‑olfr from ulfr m. ‘wolf’) which is engraved on the Istaby stone, c. 650 (RäF 98: Haeruwulafiʀ). — [1] Hrauðungr: A legendary king (cf. Hrauðungr, the father of Geirrøðr, Óðinn’s opponent in Grí). Another king of this name is mentioned in Hyndl 26/4, but the name is not used in kennings (see Hharð Lv 11/1^II and Note there). This is the only pers. n. with the suffix ‑ungr among the names of sea-kings (cf. Hrauðnir, st. 2/8). It is also a giant-name (Þul Jǫtna II 3/3). — [2] Hǫgni: Probably here Hǫgni Sǫlvason, the father of Sǫlvi (see st. 2/4 above) and Hildr (Flat 1860-8, I, 23), but there are several legendary heroes of this name, e.g. Hǫgni Gjúkason and Hǫgni, father of Sigrún (cf. HHund I, II; see also RvHbreiðm Hl 5 Note to [All]), as well as Hǫgni, father of Hildr (Bragi Rdr 9-12). The name is frequently used in kennings. — [2] Mýsingr: See Note to Þul Sea-kings l. 4. — [3] Hundingr: A legendary king in HHund I, II, Vǫlsunga saga (chs 9, 11). Hundingr is also the name of another legendary chieftain, namely, one of the kings defeated by King Nórr, brother of Górr, whose name is mentioned in st. 2/6 above (see Flat 1860-8, I, 22). This name is not attested in kennings. — [3] Hvítingr: Perhaps a nickname (‘white-haired one’ from the adj. hvítr ‘white’), and also a heiti for ‘sea’ (see Þul Sjóvar 4/2), a sword-name (see Þul Sverða 7/5) and the name of a pair of drinking horns, Hvítingar (see LP: Hvítingr 2). As a pers. n., Hvítingr appears neither in the sagas nor in skaldic kennings. — [4] Heiti: See Note to Þul Sea-kings l. 3. — [4] Mævill: In Hversu Nóregr byggðisk (Flat 1860-8, I, 22), Mævill is a son of the sea-king Meiti, whose name is recorded in st. 2/8 above. The name is also known from Þorsteins saga Víkingssonar, Víga-Glúms saga and Saxo (the latter mentions a fleet under the command of Reuillus and Meuillus, see Saxo 2005, I, 5, 8, 4, pp. 338-9; see also Ræfill, st. 4/3). Mævill may be a diminutive of már m. ‘seagull’ (Finnur Jónsson 1934-5, 291). Cf. also Mævi (l. 6 below) and the dwarf-name Gullmævill (Þul Dverga 4/3). The name Mævill occurs in kennings for ‘ship’ in the rímur (Finnur Jónsson 1926-8: Mævill). — [5] Hjalmarr: Perhaps the legendary hero Hjálmarr inn hugumstóri ‘the Great-minded’ (see Ǫrv; Heiðr; RvHbreiðm Hl 49 Note to [All]). The name never occurs in kennings. — [5] Móir: The name is a hap. leg. of obscure origin spelled ‘moerr’ in R, Tˣ and ‘moirr’ in A, C. Finnur Jónsson (1934-5, 293) excludes the possibility of any connection with OHG Moderich; according to Björn Sigfússon (1934, 135), Móerr < *Mōwēʀ < *Mōdawīhaʀ. — [6] Hœmir: Or Hæmir (with <æ>). The name possibly means ‘glutton’, derived from the weak verb háma ‘swallow’ (Björn Sigfússon 1934, 133). Cf. Hømi in Saxo (Saxo 2005, I, 8, 2, 7, pp. 512-13), one of the chieftains who supported Haraldr blátǫnn ‘Bluetooth’ at the battle of Brávellir. The name is not used in kennings. — [6] Mævi: The name is recorded only in this list. For a discussion, see Mævill (l. 4 above). — [7] Róði, Rakni: See Notes to Þul Sea-kings ll. 5, 8. — [8] Rær: Probably ‘man of the sail-yard, sailor’, from rá f. ‘sailyard’ (Björn Sigfússon 1934, 137; Finnur Jónsson 1934-5, 290), although the name is spelled ‘rer’ in R. See also Bragi Rdr 7/3, 12/3. — [8] Leifi: A pet-name for Áleifr, Þorleifr, etc., i.e. cpd names with the second element -leifr (Björn Sigfússon 1934, 134). See also Leifr, Helgi’s captain in Vǫlsunga saga (Vǫls 1965, ch. 9, 15). This name is frequently used in skaldic kennings. Like some other names of sea-kings, Leifi is also the name of a giant (Þul Jǫtna I 5/8).

References

1. Bibliography
2. SnE 1848-87 = Snorri Sturluson. 1848-87. Edda Snorra Sturlusonar: Edda Snorronis Sturlaei. Ed. Jón Sigurðsson et al. 3 vols. Copenhagen: Legatum Arnamagnaeanum. Rpt. Osnabrück: Zeller, 1966.
3. Skald = Kock, Ernst Albin, ed. 1946-50. Den norsk-isländska skaldediktningen. 2 vols. Lund: Gleerup.
4. RäF = Krause, Wolfgang and Herbert Jankuhn. 1966. Die Runeninschriften im älteren Futhark. Abhandlungen der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Göttingen, Phil.-Hist. Kl., Dritte Folge 65. 2 vols. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.
5. LP = Finnur Jónsson, ed. 1931. Lexicon poeticum antiquæ linguæ septentrionalis: Ordbog over det norsk-islandske skjaldesprog oprindelig forfattet af Sveinbjörn Egilsson. 2nd edn. Copenhagen: Møller.
6. Finnur Jónsson. 1926-8. Ordbog til de af samfund til udg. af gml. nord. litteratur udgivne Rímur samt til de af Dr. O. Jiriczek udgivne Bósarímur. SUGNL 51. Copenhagen: Jørgensen.
7. Flat 1860-8 = Gudbrand Vigfusson [Guðbrandur Vigfússon] and C. R. Unger, eds. 1860-8. Flateyjarbók. En samling af norske konge-sagaer med indskudte mindre fortællinger om begivenheder i og udenfor Norge samt annaler. 3 vols. Christiania (Oslo): Malling.
8. SnE 1931 = Snorri Sturluson. 1931. Edda Snorra Sturlusonar. Ed. Finnur Jónsson. Copenhagen: Gyldendal.
9. SnE 1998 = Snorri Sturluson. 1998. Edda: Skáldskaparmál. Ed. Anthony Faulkes. 2 vols. University College London: Viking Society for Northern Research.
10. Saxo 2005 = Friis-Jensen, Karsten, ed. 2005. Saxo Grammaticus: Gesta Danorum / Danmarkshistorien. Trans. Peter Zeeberg. 2 vols. Copenhagen: Det danske sprog- og litteraturselskab & Gads forlag.
11. Björn Sigfússon. 1934. ‘Names of Sea-Kings (heiti sækonunga)’. MP 32, 125-42.
12. Vǫls 1965 = Finch, R. G., ed. and trans. 1965. The Saga of the Volsungs. London: Nelson.
13. Finnur Jónsson. 1934-5. ‘Þulur: Søkonge- og jættenavneremserne’. APS 9, 289-308.
14. Internal references
15. 2017, ‘ Anonymous, Hervarar saga ok Heiðreks’ in Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.), Poetry in fornaldarsögur. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 8. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 367. <https://skaldic.org/m.php?p=text&i=23> (accessed 23 April 2024)
16. 2022, ‘ Anonymous, Víga-Glúms saga’ in Margaret Clunies Ross, Kari Ellen Gade and Tarrin Wills (eds), Poetry in Sagas of Icelanders. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 5. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 1374-1398. <https://skaldic.org/m.php?p=text&i=27> (accessed 23 April 2024)
17. 2017, ‘ Anonymous, Ǫrvar-Odds saga’ in Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.), Poetry in fornaldarsögur. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 8. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 804. <https://skaldic.org/m.php?p=text&i=35> (accessed 23 April 2024)
18. 2017, ‘ Anonymous, Hálfs saga ok Hálfsrekka’ in Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.), Poetry in fornaldarsögur. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 8. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 303. <https://skaldic.org/m.php?p=text&i=75> (accessed 23 April 2024)
19. Not published: do not cite (Hjálm^VIII)
20. Elena Gurevich 2017, ‘ Anonymous, Heiti for sea-kings’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 987. <https://skaldic.org/m.php?p=text&i=1045> (accessed 23 April 2024)
21. Elena Gurevich (ed.) 2017, ‘Anonymous Þulur, Jǫtna heiti I 5’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 715.
22. Elena Gurevich (ed.) 2017, ‘Anonymous Þulur, Jǫtna heiti II 3’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 722.
23. Elena Gurevich (ed.) 2017, ‘Anonymous Þulur, Dverga heiti 4’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 699.
24. Elena Gurevich (ed.) 2017, ‘Anonymous Þulur, Sverða heiti 7’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 802.
25. Elena Gurevich (ed.) 2017, ‘Anonymous Þulur, Sjóvar heiti 4’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 836.
26. Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.) 2017, ‘Bragi inn gamli Boddason, Ragnarsdrápa 7’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 38.
27. Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.) 2017, ‘Bragi inn gamli Boddason, Ragnarsdrápa 9’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 41.
28. Not published: do not cite ()
29. Not published: do not cite ()
30. Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2009, ‘Haraldr harðráði Sigurðarson, Lausavísur 11’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 52-3.
31. Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2017, ‘Rǫgnvaldr jarl and Hallr Þórarinsson, Háttalykill 49’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 1057.
32. Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2017, ‘Rǫgnvaldr jarl and Hallr Þórarinsson, Háttalykill 5’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 1012.
33. 2017, ‘ Anonymous, Vǫlsunga saga’ in Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.), Poetry in fornaldarsögur. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 8. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 790. <https://skaldic.org/m.php?p=text&i=10832> (accessed 23 April 2024)
34. Not published: do not cite ()