Anonymous Poems, Plácitusdrápa 54

Jonna Louis-Jensen

Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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Anon Pl 54^VII

Jonna Louis-Jensen and Tarrin Wills (eds) 2007, ‘Anonymous Poems, Plácitusdrápa 54’ in Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.), Poetry on Christian Subjects. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 7. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 215-16.

Anonymous Poems Plácitusdrápa

53 54 55

Kenndusk ‘recognised each other’

(not checked:)
kenna (verb): know, teach

ôrr ‘the messenger’

(not checked:)
1. árr (noun m.; °dat. ár; ǽrir/árar, acc. áru): messenger

kennings

ôrr unnfress
‘the messenger of the wave-bear ’
= SEAFARER
the wave-bear → SHIP
the messenger of the SHIP → SEAFARER

þás ‘when’

(not checked:)
2. þá (adv.): then

endi ‘finished’

(not checked:)
1. enda (verb; °-að-): end, last

[1, 2] endi unnfress: ‘end[...](u)ɴfress’(?) 673b, ‘end[...]ir[...]fress’ 673bÞH, ‘end[...]fress’ 673bHE, ‘end[...] vɴ fress’ 673bFJ

unn ‘of the wave’

(not checked:)
2. unnr (noun f.): wave < unnfress (noun m.)

[1, 2] endi unnfress: ‘end[...](u)ɴfress’(?) 673b, ‘end[...]ir[...]fress’ 673bÞH, ‘end[...]fress’ 673bHE, ‘end[...] vɴ fress’ 673bFJ

kennings

ôrr unnfress
‘the messenger of the wave-bear ’
= SEAFARER
the wave-bear → SHIP
the messenger of the SHIP → SEAFARER

unn ‘of the wave’

(not checked:)
2. unnr (noun f.): wave < unnfress (noun m.)

[1, 2] endi unnfress: ‘end[...](u)ɴfress’(?) 673b, ‘end[...]ir[...]fress’ 673bÞH, ‘end[...]fress’ 673bHE, ‘end[...] vɴ fress’ 673bFJ

kennings

ôrr unnfress
‘the messenger of the wave-bear ’
= SEAFARER
the wave-bear → SHIP
the messenger of the SHIP → SEAFARER

fress ‘bear’

(not checked:)
fress (noun m.; °; gen. -a): [bear, snarler] < unnfress (noun m.)

[1, 2] endi unnfress: ‘end[...](u)ɴfress’(?) 673b, ‘end[...]ir[...]fress’ 673bÞH, ‘end[...]fress’ 673bHE, ‘end[...] vɴ fress’ 673bFJ

kennings

ôrr unnfress
‘the messenger of the wave-bear ’
= SEAFARER
the wave-bear → SHIP
the messenger of the SHIP → SEAFARER

fress ‘bear’

(not checked:)
fress (noun m.; °; gen. -a): [bear, snarler] < unnfress (noun m.)

[1, 2] endi unnfress: ‘end[...](u)ɴfress’(?) 673b, ‘end[...]ir[...]fress’ 673bÞH, ‘end[...]fress’ 673bHE, ‘end[...] vɴ fress’ 673bFJ

kennings

ôrr unnfress
‘the messenger of the wave-bear ’
= SEAFARER
the wave-bear → SHIP
the messenger of the SHIP → SEAFARER

[4] meinstygg: ‘mei[...]st(y)gg’(?) 673b, ‘me[...]’ 673bÞH, ‘meinstygg’ 673bFJ

stygg ‘shy’

(not checked:)
styggr (adj.): shy < meinstyggr (adj.)

[4] meinstygg: ‘mei[...]st(y)gg’(?) 673b, ‘me[...]’ 673bÞH, ‘meinstygg’ 673bFJ

sonu ‘sons’

(not checked:)
sonr (noun m.; °-ar, dat. syni; synir, acc. sonu, syni): son

dyggva ‘excellent’

(not checked:)
dyggr (adj.; °dyggvan/dyggan; compar. -vari/-ari/-ri, superl. -vastr/-astr/-str): trustworthy

Spanði ‘won’

(not checked:)
spenja (verb): entice

ítr ‘The glorious’

(not checked:)
ítr (adj.): glorious

til ‘over to’

(not checked:)
til (prep.): to

ynðis ‘happiness’

(not checked:)
ynði (noun n.; °-s): pleasure

†eir ‘…’

(not checked:)
eir (noun f.): mercy

[6] †eir goð…†: ‘eir guþ[...]’ 673b, 673bFJ, ‘eyr guþ[...]a’ 673bÞH

notes

[6] †eir goð…†: Kock (NN §2139) dismissed Finnur Jónsson’s conjecture, Eir goð mjaðar (Skj B), on the grounds that it creates ‘fyrtaktighet’ (a term not explained in NN, but which seems to mean ‘four beats to a line’). His own suggestion, Eir guðvefjar ‘the Eir <goddess> of velvet [WOMAN]’, however, has the defect of leaving spanði without an object. Unless the couplet is irreparably corrupt, the illegible passage must have contained the sentence object, in which case ‘fyrtaktighet’ can hardly be avoided. Louis-Jensen suggests the following, but with strong reservations on account of the metrics: either Eir goðvefs hug ‘the Eir <goddess> of velvet [won their] minds’, or, since the mother is not designated as chief comforter in the prose texts: eir goðlig hug ‘the divine grace of God [won their] minds’ (cf. 28.4, where eir = ‘the grace of God’), and the close parallel in Gamlkan Has 36: spǫnð lætr ǫll til ynðis ... sín bǫrn ‘guides all his children to bliss’, where the sentence subject is God. Kari Ellen Gade, in reviewing the present edn, suggested eir guðs hugi ‘the grace of God [won their] minds [over to happiness]’, which, while metrically correct, still involves a great deal of conjecture.

goð…† ‘’

(not checked:)
(non-lexical)

[6] †eir goð…†: ‘eir guþ[...]’ 673b, 673bFJ, ‘eyr guþ[...]a’ 673bÞH

notes

þeira ‘their’

(not checked:)
hann (pron.; °gen. hans, dat. honum; f. hon, gen. hennar, acc. hana): he, she, it, they, them...

[6] þeira: ‘þerra’ 673b

þvíat ‘because’

(not checked:)
þvíat (conj.): because

hrygg ‘the sad’

(not checked:)
2. hryggr (adj.; °-van/-jan; compar. -vari/-ari/-ri; superl. -astr): sorrowful, sad

saga ‘story’

(not checked:)
1. saga (noun f.; °*-u; *-ur): story, saga

huggun ‘comfort’

(not checked:)
huggun (noun f.; °hugganar/huggunar; hugganir): comfort

hodd ‘the hoard’

(not checked:)
1. hodd (noun f.): gold, treasure < hoddskerðandi (noun m.)

kennings

hoddskerðǫndum.
‘the hoard-diminishers.’
= GENEROUS MEN
the hoard-diminishers. → GENEROUS MEN

skerðǫndum ‘-diminishers’

(not checked:)
skerðandi (noun m.): diminisher < hoddskerðandi (noun m.)

[8] ‑skerðǫndum gerði: ‘scerþo[...]rþi’ 673b, ‘scerþe[...]þe’ 673bÞH, ‘scerþeþa gørþe’ 673bFJ

kennings

hoddskerðǫndum.
‘the hoard-diminishers.’
= GENEROUS MEN
the hoard-diminishers. → GENEROUS MEN

gerði ‘brought’

(not checked:)
1. gera (verb): do, make

[8] ‑skerðǫndum gerði: ‘scerþo[...]rþi’ 673b, ‘scerþe[...]þe’ 673bÞH, ‘scerþeþa gørþe’ 673bFJ

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Anon Pl 54VII

Kenndusk ‘recognised each other’

ôrr ‘the messenger’

kennings

þás ‘when’

endi ‘finished’

unn ‘of the wave’

kennings

unn ‘of the wave’

kennings

fress ‘bear’

kennings

fress ‘bear’

kennings

sǫgu ‘story’

þessa ‘this’

mildir ‘The pious’

brœðr ‘brothers’

en ‘and’

móðir ‘mother’

mein ‘the sin’

stygg ‘shy’

sonu ‘sons’

dyggva ‘excellent’

Spanði ‘won’

ítr ‘The glorious’

til ‘over to’

ynðis ‘happiness’

†eir ‘…’

notes

goð…† ‘’

notes

þeira ‘their’

þvíat ‘because’

hrygg ‘the sad’

saga ‘story’

huggun ‘comfort’

hodd ‘the hoard’

kennings

skerðǫndum ‘-diminishers’

kennings

gerði ‘brought’

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Anon Pl 54^VII