Anon Pl 49VII
Jonna Louis-Jensen and Tarrin Wills (eds) 2007, ‘Anonymous Poems, Plácitusdrápa 49’ in Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.), Poetry on Christian Subjects. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 7. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 211-12.
Hyr ‘of the fire’
(not checked:)
hyrr (noun m.): fire < hyrgildir (noun m.)
[1] Hyrgildir: ‘hyrgi[...]’ 673b, ‘hyrgilldir’ 673bÞH, ‘hyrgilldr’ 673bHE, ‘hyrgilder’ 673bFJ
kennings
Hrafnvíns hyr-gildir‘The appraiser of the fire of raven-wine ’
= WARRIOR
raven-wine → BLOOD
the fire of the BLOOD → SWORD
The appraiser of the SWORD → WARRIOR
Hyr ‘of the fire’
(not checked:)
hyrr (noun m.): fire < hyrgildir (noun m.)
[1] Hyrgildir: ‘hyrgi[...]’ 673b, ‘hyrgilldir’ 673bÞH, ‘hyrgilldr’ 673bHE, ‘hyrgilder’ 673bFJ
kennings
Hrafnvíns hyr-gildir‘The appraiser of the fire of raven-wine ’
= WARRIOR
raven-wine → BLOOD
the fire of the BLOOD → SWORD
The appraiser of the SWORD → WARRIOR
gildir ‘The appraiser’
(not checked:)
gildir (noun m.): payer, supporter < hyrgildir (noun m.)
[1] Hyrgildir: ‘hyrgi[...]’ 673b, ‘hyrgilldir’ 673bÞH, ‘hyrgilldr’ 673bHE, ‘hyrgilder’ 673bFJ
kennings
Hrafnvíns hyr-gildir‘The appraiser of the fire of raven-wine ’
= WARRIOR
raven-wine → BLOOD
the fire of the BLOOD → SWORD
The appraiser of the SWORD → WARRIOR
notes
[1] …: Sveinbjörn proposed fekk ‘got, granted’ for this lacuna, but there is no evidence from the hendingar or alliteration.
hvíldar ‘rest’
(not checked:)
2. hvíla (verb): rest
hrafn ‘of raven’
(not checked:)
hrafn (noun m.; °hrafns; dat. hrafni; hrafnar): raven < hrafnvín (noun n.)
kennings
Hrafnvíns hyr-gildir‘The appraiser of the fire of raven-wine ’
= WARRIOR
raven-wine → BLOOD
the fire of the BLOOD → SWORD
The appraiser of the SWORD → WARRIOR
hrafn ‘of raven’
(not checked:)
hrafn (noun m.; °hrafns; dat. hrafni; hrafnar): raven < hrafnvín (noun n.)
kennings
Hrafnvíns hyr-gildir‘The appraiser of the fire of raven-wine ’
= WARRIOR
raven-wine → BLOOD
the fire of the BLOOD → SWORD
The appraiser of the SWORD → WARRIOR
hrafn ‘of raven’
(not checked:)
hrafn (noun m.; °hrafns; dat. hrafni; hrafnar): raven < hrafnvín (noun n.)
kennings
Hrafnvíns hyr-gildir‘The appraiser of the fire of raven-wine ’
= WARRIOR
raven-wine → BLOOD
the fire of the BLOOD → SWORD
The appraiser of the SWORD → WARRIOR
víns ‘wine’
(not checked:)
vín (noun n.; °-s; -): wine < hrafnvín (noun n.)
kennings
Hrafnvíns hyr-gildir‘The appraiser of the fire of raven-wine ’
= WARRIOR
raven-wine → BLOOD
the fire of the BLOOD → SWORD
The appraiser of the SWORD → WARRIOR
víns ‘wine’
(not checked:)
vín (noun n.; °-s; -): wine < hrafnvín (noun n.)
kennings
Hrafnvíns hyr-gildir‘The appraiser of the fire of raven-wine ’
= WARRIOR
raven-wine → BLOOD
the fire of the BLOOD → SWORD
The appraiser of the SWORD → WARRIOR
víns ‘wine’
(not checked:)
vín (noun n.; °-s; -): wine < hrafnvín (noun n.)
kennings
Hrafnvíns hyr-gildir‘The appraiser of the fire of raven-wine ’
= WARRIOR
raven-wine → BLOOD
the fire of the BLOOD → SWORD
The appraiser of the SWORD → WARRIOR
liði ‘men’
(not checked:)
lið (noun n.; °-s; -): retinue, troop
sínu ‘his’
(not checked:)
3. sinn (pron.; °f. sín, n. sitt): (refl. poss. pron.)
garpr ‘the champion’
(not checked:)
garpr (noun m.): champion
[3] garpr: ‘garp[...]’ 673b, ‘garpr’ 673bÞH, 673bFJ
bauð ‘bade’
(not checked:)
bjóða (verb; °býðr; bauð, buðu; boðinn (buð- Thom¹ 5²n.)): offer, order, invite
þ… ‘of þ…’
(not checked:)
(non-lexical)
[3] þ…: ‘þ[...]’ 673b, 673bÞH, ‘þuþr’(?) 673bHE, ‘þro(t)’(?) 673bFJ
kennings
þ… þingveljǫndum‘assembly-choosers of þ…’
= WARRIORS
the assembly of þ… → BATTLE
the choosers of the BATTLE → WARRIORS
notes
[3] þ…: Finnur Jónsson (Skj B) supplied Þrós ‘Þrór’s <= Óðinn>’ to provide a determinant for the battle-kenning. He earlier (1887) used Þrótts (another name for Óðinn); Sveinbjörn Egilsson (1833) emended to þýðr ‘gentle’.
þ… ‘of þ…’
(not checked:)
(non-lexical)
[3] þ…: ‘þ[...]’ 673b, 673bÞH, ‘þuþr’(?) 673bHE, ‘þro(t)’(?) 673bFJ
kennings
þ… þingveljǫndum‘assembly-choosers of þ…’
= WARRIORS
the assembly of þ… → BATTLE
the choosers of the BATTLE → WARRIORS
notes
[3] þ…: Finnur Jónsson (Skj B) supplied Þrós ‘Þrór’s <= Óðinn>’ to provide a determinant for the battle-kenning. He earlier (1887) used Þrótts (another name for Óðinn); Sveinbjörn Egilsson (1833) emended to þýðr ‘gentle’.
í ‘in’
(not checked:)
í (prep.): in, into
þorpi ‘a village’
(not checked:)
þorp (noun n.; °-s; -): village
þing ‘of the assembly’
(not checked:)
þing (noun n.; °-s; -): meeting, assembly < þingveljandi (noun m.)
kennings
þ… þingveljǫndum‘assembly-choosers of þ…’
= WARRIORS
the assembly of þ… → BATTLE
the choosers of the BATTLE → WARRIORS
þing ‘of the assembly’
(not checked:)
þing (noun n.; °-s; -): meeting, assembly < þingveljandi (noun m.)
kennings
þ… þingveljǫndum‘assembly-choosers of þ…’
= WARRIORS
the assembly of þ… → BATTLE
the choosers of the BATTLE → WARRIORS
veljǫndum ‘the choosers’
(not checked:)
veljandi (noun m.): [choosers, chooser] < þingveljandi (noun m.)
kennings
þ… þingveljǫndum‘assembly-choosers of þ…’
= WARRIORS
the assembly of þ… → BATTLE
the choosers of the BATTLE → WARRIORS
dveljask ‘stay’
(not checked:)
dvelja (verb; °dvalði; dvalðr/dvalinn (præs. sg. 3. pers. dvel [$1138$], [$1140$])): delay, stay, dwell
Létu ‘’
(not checked:)
láta (verb): let, have sth done
[5] Létu of eins: ‘[...]et[...](ei)[...]’(?) 673b, ‘sett or eins’ 673bÞH, ‘sette of eins’ 673bFJ
of ‘’
(not checked:)
3. of (prep.): around, from; too
[5] Létu of eins: ‘[...]et[...](ei)[...]’(?) 673b, ‘sett or eins’ 673bÞH, ‘sette of eins’ 673bFJ; of: ‘of’ or ‘or’ 673bHE
eins ‘of a’
(not checked:)
2. einn (pron.; °decl. cf. einn num.): one, alone
[5] Létu of eins: ‘[...]et[...](ei)[...]’(?) 673b, ‘sett or eins’ 673bÞH, ‘sette of eins’ 673bFJ
hvers ‘certain’
(not checked:)
2. hverr (pron.): who, whom, each, every
[5] hvers: ‘[...]ve[...]s’ 673b, ‘hvers’ 673bÞH, ‘hve[...]’ 673bFJ
ýtis ‘launcher’
(not checked:)
ýtir (noun m.): giver
kennings
ýtis kapla brimis.‘launcher of the horses of the sea.’
= SEAFARER
the horses of the sea. → SHIPS
launcher of SHIPS → SEAFARER
apaldr ‘the orchard’
[6] apaldr‑: ‘apald[...]’ 673b, ‘apaldrs’ 673bÞH, ‘apaldrer’ 673bFJ
garð ‘’
(not checked:)
garðr (noun m.): enclosure, yard < apaldrsgarðr (noun m.): °orchard
brimis ‘of the sea’
(not checked:)
brimi (noun n.): [wave]
kennings
ýtis kapla brimis.‘launcher of the horses of the sea.’
= SEAFARER
the horses of the sea. → SHIPS
launcher of SHIPS → SEAFARER
brimis ‘of the sea’
(not checked:)
brimi (noun n.): [wave]
kennings
ýtis kapla brimis.‘launcher of the horses of the sea.’
= SEAFARER
the horses of the sea. → SHIPS
launcher of SHIPS → SEAFARER
kapla ‘of the horses’
(not checked:)
kapall (noun m.; °; kaplar): [horses]
kennings
ýtis kapla brimis.‘launcher of the horses of the sea.’
= SEAFARER
the horses of the sea. → SHIPS
launcher of SHIPS → SEAFARER
kapla ‘of the horses’
(not checked:)
kapall (noun m.; °; kaplar): [horses]
kennings
ýtis kapla brimis.‘launcher of the horses of the sea.’
= SEAFARER
the horses of the sea. → SHIPS
launcher of SHIPS → SEAFARER
lundar ‘of the tree’
(not checked:)
1. lundr (noun m.; °-ar, dat. -i/-; -ar): grove, tree
[7] lundar búðum lýðar: ‘l[...] b[...]þum l[...]þar’ 673b, ‘lattas [...] þ[...]v lyþer’ 673bÞH, ‘[...]u lyþar’ 673bFJ; lundar: ‘lattat’ 673bHE
kennings
lundar lungs‘of the tree of the ship ’
= SEAFARER
the tree of the ship → SEAFARER
búðum ‘camp’
(not checked:)
búð (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): booth, dwelling
[7] lundar búðum lýðar: ‘l[...] b[...]þum l[...]þar’ 673b, ‘lattas [...] þ[...]v lyþer’ 673bÞH, ‘[...]u lyþar’ 673bFJ
notes
[5-8]: All the conjectural emendations in this helmingr derive from Jón Helgason 1932-3, except lýðar, originally proposed by Finnur Jónsson (1887).
lýðar ‘The troops’
(not checked:)
lýðr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -; -ir): one of the people
[7] lundar búðum lýðar: ‘l[...] b[...]þum l[...]þar’ 673b, ‘lattas [...] þ[...]v lyþer’ 673bÞH, ‘[...]u lyþar’ 673bFJ
lungs ‘of the ship’
(not checked:)
lung (noun n.): longship
kennings
lundar lungs‘of the tree of the ship ’
= SEAFARER
the tree of the ship → SEAFARER
umbhverfis ‘around’
(not checked:)
umhverfis (prep.): [around]
notes
[8] slungit ‘pitched’: Sveinbjörn Egilsson (1833) and Finnur Jónsson (1887) both read stungit ‘stuck’ here, but Jón Helgason pointed out that what appears to be a line coming off the second letter is in fact part of the following letter ‘u’. Jón also points to a comparable phrase in Knýtl (ÍF 35, 292).
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
|
Hyrgildir … hvíldar |
The appraiser of the fire of raven-wine [BLOOD > SWORD > WARRIOR] … his men rest; the champion bade the choosers of the assembly of þ… [(lit. ‘assembly-choosers of þ…’) BATTLE > WARRIORS] stay in a village. The troops of the tree of the ship [SEAFARER] pitched camp around the orchard of a certain launcher of the horses of the sea [SHIPS > SEAFARER].
[5-8]: Words in this helmingr correspond to vocabulary in either the A or C texts of the prose saga, including apaldrgarð (l. 6, a word not used elsewhere in skaldic poetry, providing aðalhending with kapla; the C text has aldingarðr as in Pl st. 24/7) and umbhverfis (l. 8) (Louis-Jensen 1998, cxxi).
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