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Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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Anon Pét 40VII

David McDougall (ed.) 2007, ‘Anonymous Poems, Pétrsdrápa 40’ in Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.), Poetry on Christian Subjects. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 7. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 830-1.

Anonymous PoemsPétrsdrápa
394041

Vildi ‘wished’

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vilja (verb): want, intend

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hlýðni ‘obedience’

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hlýðni (noun f.; °-): [obedience]

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halda ‘to practise’

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halda (verb): hold, keep

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háleitr ‘The sublime’

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háleitr (adj.): glorious, sublime

kennings

Háleitr veitir trúar
‘The sublime dispenser of faith ’
   = APOSTLE

The sublime dispenser of faith → APOSTLE
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trúar ‘of faith’

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trú (noun f.; °-ar): faith, belief

kennings

Háleitr veitir trúar
‘The sublime dispenser of faith ’
   = APOSTLE

The sublime dispenser of faith → APOSTLE
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veitir ‘dispenser’

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veitir (noun m.): giver

kennings

Háleitr veitir trúar
‘The sublime dispenser of faith ’
   = APOSTLE

The sublime dispenser of faith → APOSTLE
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enn ‘still’

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2. enn (adv.): still, yet, again

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og ‘and’

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3. ok (conj.): and, but; also

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mála ‘the words’

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1. mál (noun n.; °-s; -): speech, matter

notes

[3-4] minniz mála meistara síns ‘remembers the words of his master’: Cf. Pétr 14/23-4: Hann mintiz þa fyrr sagðra orða drottins um sina neiting ok gret beiskliga ‘He then remembered the previously uttered words of the Lord about his denial and wept bitterly’; Luke XXII.61-2 et recordatus est Petrus verbi Domini ... et egressus foras Petrus flevit amare ‘and Peter remembered the word of the Lord ... and Peter going out, wept bitterly’ (cf. Matt. XXVI.75). This st. should logically follow st. 42 (see Introduction and Notes to 42/5-6, 7).

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minniz ‘remembers’

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1. minna (verb): remind, remember, recall

notes

[3-4] minniz mála meistara síns ‘remembers the words of his master’: Cf. Pétr 14/23-4: Hann mintiz þa fyrr sagðra orða drottins um sina neiting ok gret beiskliga ‘He then remembered the previously uttered words of the Lord about his denial and wept bitterly’; Luke XXII.61-2 et recordatus est Petrus verbi Domini ... et egressus foras Petrus flevit amare ‘and Peter remembered the word of the Lord ... and Peter going out, wept bitterly’ (cf. Matt. XXVI.75). This st. should logically follow st. 42 (see Introduction and Notes to 42/5-6, 7).

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meistara ‘master’

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meistari (noun m.; °-a; -ar): master

notes

[3-4] minniz mála meistara síns ‘remembers the words of his master’: Cf. Pétr 14/23-4: Hann mintiz þa fyrr sagðra orða drottins um sina neiting ok gret beiskliga ‘He then remembered the previously uttered words of the Lord about his denial and wept bitterly’; Luke XXII.61-2 et recordatus est Petrus verbi Domini ... et egressus foras Petrus flevit amare ‘and Peter remembered the word of the Lord ... and Peter going out, wept bitterly’ (cf. Matt. XXVI.75). This st. should logically follow st. 42 (see Introduction and Notes to 42/5-6, 7).

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síns ‘of his’

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3. sinn (pron.; °f. sín, n. sitt): (refl. poss. pron.)

notes

[3-4] minniz mála meistara síns ‘remembers the words of his master’: Cf. Pétr 14/23-4: Hann mintiz þa fyrr sagðra orða drottins um sina neiting ok gret beiskliga ‘He then remembered the previously uttered words of the Lord about his denial and wept bitterly’; Luke XXII.61-2 et recordatus est Petrus verbi Domini ... et egressus foras Petrus flevit amare ‘and Peter remembered the word of the Lord ... and Peter going out, wept bitterly’ (cf. Matt. XXVI.75). This st. should logically follow st. 42 (see Introduction and Notes to 42/5-6, 7).

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í ‘in’

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í (prep.): in, into

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freistni ‘temptation’

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freistni (noun f.): trial, temptation

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Gietr ‘He is not able’

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2. geta (verb): to beget, give birth to, mention, speak of; to think well of, like, love

[5] Gietr: Getr eigi 621

notes

[5] gietr ‘He is not able’: Ms. ‘Getr eigi’. Kock proposes this emendation, or to gat eigi, to improve the scansion (NN §2881). In a C14th text, a reading Gietr ei might also be possible. See Fritzner: ei adv. 2 ikke ‘not’; LP: ei.

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sieð ‘to guard’

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2. sjá (verb): see

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við ‘against’

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2. við (prep.): with, against

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sútum ‘sorrows’

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1. sút (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): sorrow

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svá ‘so’

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svá (adv.): so, thus

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unni ‘did he love’

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1. unna (verb): love

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lífs ‘of life’

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líf (noun n.; °-s; -): life

notes

[6] brunni lífs ‘the well of life’: A common epithet of Christ. Cf., e.g., Mess215, 124/30: brunnr (Mess2625, 49/13: bruþr) lífs; Anon Heildr 2/3-4 af mætum ... lífsins brunni ‘from the worthy spring of life’ (but here probably of the Holy Spirit); Manz 1941, no. 371 (Ps. XXXV.10) fons vitae ‘fountain of life’, no. 733 Fons vite peremnis Ihesu ‘Jesus, the fount of eternal life’; S. Columbanus, Sermones, col. 254: Jesus Christus est Fons vitae ‘Jesus Christ is the fount of life’.

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brunni ‘the well’

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brunnr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): spring, well

notes

[6] brunni lífs ‘the well of life’: A common epithet of Christ. Cf., e.g., Mess215, 124/30: brunnr (Mess2625, 49/13: bruþr) lífs; Anon Heildr 2/3-4 af mætum ... lífsins brunni ‘from the worthy spring of life’ (but here probably of the Holy Spirit); Manz 1941, no. 371 (Ps. XXXV.10) fons vitae ‘fountain of life’, no. 733 Fons vite peremnis Ihesu ‘Jesus, the fount of eternal life’; S. Columbanus, Sermones, col. 254: Jesus Christus est Fons vitae ‘Jesus Christ is the fount of life’.

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heitt ‘ardently’

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heitr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): hot, ardent

notes

[7-8] heitt ... sárleitir ‘ardently ... the cruel ones’: Finnur Jónsson (Skj B) retains ms. ‘heitt’ as here, but emends ms. ‘sarleitir’ (l. 8) to sár leit and translates: han så de bitre sår, som de tilföjede vor gud ‘he saw the painful wounds which they inflicted on our God’. Kock (NN §1741) objects to the redundancy of sár ... sár in Finnur’s text, and instead retains sárleitir and emends heitt to leit. He reads (ll. 5-8): Getr eigi sét við sútum | – svá unni lífs brunni – : | leit á sár, þau er settu | sárleitir Guði várum ‘He cannot avoid sorrows – he so loved the well of life – he looked upon the wounds which the cruel ones (de bittre) had given to our God’. He then proposes a further emendation of settu (l. 7) to sættu to improve the skothending (NN §2882). Conjectural emendation can, however, be avoided altogether if one assumes an apo koinou construction in ll. 5-7: Gietrað sieð við sútum ... á sár þau ‘he is not able to guard against sorrows ... to look upon those wounds’ (cf. Fritzner: sjá, v. – Med Præp.: á 3 sjá á e-t : se paa, betragte noget; – við 2 vogte sig for noget). Sárleitr ‘of fierce demeanour?, bloodthirsty?, cruel?’ would appear to be a nonce-formation, echoing háleitr ‘sublime’ in l. 2. St. 38 looks as though it should come directly after 40/7-8 (see Notes to st. 38).

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á ‘upon’

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3. á (prep.): on, at

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sár ‘wounds’

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2. sár (noun n.; °-s; -): wound

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er ‘which’

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2. er (conj.): who, which, when

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settu ‘inflicted’

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setja (verb): place, set, establish

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sárleitir ‘the cruel ones’

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sárleitr (adj.): [cruel ones]

notes

[7-8] heitt ... sárleitir ‘ardently ... the cruel ones’: Finnur Jónsson (Skj B) retains ms. ‘heitt’ as here, but emends ms. ‘sarleitir’ (l. 8) to sár leit and translates: han så de bitre sår, som de tilföjede vor gud ‘he saw the painful wounds which they inflicted on our God’. Kock (NN §1741) objects to the redundancy of sár ... sár in Finnur’s text, and instead retains sárleitir and emends heitt to leit. He reads (ll. 5-8): Getr eigi sét við sútum | – svá unni lífs brunni – : | leit á sár, þau er settu | sárleitir Guði várum ‘He cannot avoid sorrows – he so loved the well of life – he looked upon the wounds which the cruel ones (de bittre) had given to our God’. He then proposes a further emendation of settu (l. 7) to sættu to improve the skothending (NN §2882). Conjectural emendation can, however, be avoided altogether if one assumes an apo koinou construction in ll. 5-7: Gietrað sieð við sútum ... á sár þau ‘he is not able to guard against sorrows ... to look upon those wounds’ (cf. Fritzner: sjá, v. – Med Præp.: á 3 sjá á e-t : se paa, betragte noget; – við 2 vogte sig for noget). Sárleitr ‘of fierce demeanour?, bloodthirsty?, cruel?’ would appear to be a nonce-formation, echoing háleitr ‘sublime’ in l. 2. St. 38 looks as though it should come directly after 40/7-8 (see Notes to st. 38).

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