Anon Óldr 5I
Kate Heslop (ed.) 2012, ‘Anonymous Poems, Óláfs drápa Tryggvasonar 5’ in Diana Whaley (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 1: From Mythical Times to c. 1035. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 1. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 1037.
Vestr ‘westwards’
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2. vestr (adv.): west, in the west
helt ‘steered’
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halda (verb): hold, keep
varga ‘wolves’’
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vargr (noun m.; °dat. -i; -ar): wolf
kennings
Víðfrægr nistir varga‘The wide-renowned wolves’ provider ’
= WARRIOR
The wide-renowned wolves’ provider → WARRIOR
nistir ‘provider’
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nistir (noun m.): feeder
kennings
Víðfrægr nistir varga‘The wide-renowned wolves’ provider ’
= WARRIOR
The wide-renowned wolves’ provider → WARRIOR
víð ‘The wide’
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víðr (adj.): far < víðfrægr (adj.): far-renowned
kennings
Víðfrægr nistir varga‘The wide-renowned wolves’ provider ’
= WARRIOR
The wide-renowned wolves’ provider → WARRIOR
frægr ‘renowned’
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frægr (adj.; °-jan/-an; compar. -ri, superl. -jastr/-astr/-str): famous, renowned < víðfrægr (adj.): far-renowned
kennings
Víðfrægr nistir varga‘The wide-renowned wolves’ provider ’
= WARRIOR
The wide-renowned wolves’ provider → WARRIOR
lagar ‘of the ocean’
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lǫgr (noun m.; °lagar, dat. legi): sea
kennings
skíðum lagar‘skis of the ocean ’
= SHIPS
skis of the ocean → SHIPS
skíðum ‘skis’
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skíð (noun n.; °; -): ski
kennings
skíðum lagar‘skis of the ocean ’
= SHIPS
skis of the ocean → SHIPS
notes
[3] ár* ‘early’: The adv. could alternatively be taken with the principal clause (so Skj B). Ms. ‘árr’ has been emended here: a slight emendation, given the frequency with which the scribe writes double consonants for single (see hár ‘tall’ in l. 8) or the reverse (see sts 7/3 létti ‘it stopped’, 10/3 skreytta ‘adorned’, 21/3 grimmr ‘cruel’ and 24/3 hrǫnnum ‘waves’ and Notes to these); see also Note to st. 7/8 vápnbautinn ‘weapon-beaten’ for scribal handling of the unstressed suffix -in(n).
rauð ‘he reddened’
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rjóða (verb): to redden
ungr ‘young’
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ungr (adj.): young
í ‘on’
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í (prep.): in, into
notes
[3] í þeiri ‘on that [journey]’: The pronoun þeiri is f. dat. sg., so the omitted noun is likely to be fǫr f. ‘journey’. This is assumed by Finnur Jónsson, who translates på det tog ‘on that journey’ in Skj B, and it is supported by the occurrence of í þeiri, with the same meaning, in Mark Eirdr 10/8II.
þeiri ‘that’
notes
[3] í þeiri ‘on that [journey]’: The pronoun þeiri is f. dat. sg., so the omitted noun is likely to be fǫr f. ‘journey’. This is assumed by Finnur Jónsson, who translates på det tog ‘on that journey’ in Skj B, and it is supported by the occurrence of í þeiri, with the same meaning, in Mark Eirdr 10/8II.
Englands ‘England’
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England (noun n.): England
notes
[4] á vit Englands ‘towards England’: Óláfr’s raids in England are confirmed by the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle s. a. 993 [991] (‘A’) and 994 (‘E’, ‘F’).
á ‘to’
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3. á (prep.): on, at
notes
[4] á vit Englands ‘towards England’: Óláfr’s raids in England are confirmed by the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle s. a. 993 [991] (‘A’) and 994 (‘E’, ‘F’).
vit ‘wards’
notes
[4] á vit Englands ‘towards England’: Óláfr’s raids in England are confirmed by the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle s. a. 993 [991] (‘A’) and 994 (‘E’, ‘F’).
branda ‘swords’
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brandr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): sword, prow; fire
Fyrr ‘before’
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fyrr (adv.): before, sooner
vann ‘’
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2. vinna (verb): perform, work
ǫðlingr ‘prince’
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ǫðlingr (noun m.; °; -ar): prince, ruler
errinn ‘vigorous’
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errinn (adj.): bold
engr ‘no-one’
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2. engi (pron.): no, none
an ‘’
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2. an (conj.): than
Nóreg ‘Norway’
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Noregr (noun m.): Norway
fengi ‘would take’
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2. fá (verb; °fǽr; fekk, fengu; fenginn): get, receive
hár* ‘The tall’
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3. hár (adj.; °-van; compar. hǽrri, superl. hǽstr): high
[7] hár*: ‘harr’ Bb
notes
[7] hár* ‘tall’: See Note to l. 3 ár above.
vas ‘was’
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2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
hilmi ‘the ruler’
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hilmir (noun m.): prince, protector
dýrri ‘worthier than’
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dýrr (adj.; °compar. -ri/-ari, superl. -str/-astr): precious
hefnð ‘carrying out vengeance’
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hefna (verb): avenge
síns ‘for his’
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3. sinn (pron.; °f. sín, n. sitt): (refl. poss. pron.)
fǫður ‘father’
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faðir (noun m.): father
efnða ‘succeeded in’
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2. efna (verb; °-fnd-): fulfil
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
The action of the poem moves from Garðar (Russia) to the British Isles, and raids in north-west Europe such as are specified in Hfr Óldr 1-4 are not narrated; cf. HSt Rst 3. Óláfr’s revenge for his father Tryggvi is also associated with an attack on England in HSt Rst 4; see Note to Rst 4/2, 4. — [1]: The line is almost identical to Þham Magndr 2/1II. — [8]: The line is almost identical to HSt Rst 4/4.
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