Anonymous Poems, Óláfs drápa Tryggvasonar 13

Kate Heslop

Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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Anon Óldr 13^I

Kate Heslop (ed.) 2012, ‘Anonymous Poems, Óláfs drápa Tryggvasonar 13’ in Diana Whaley (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 1: From Mythical Times to c. 1035. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 1. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 1045.

Anonymous Poems Óláfs drápa Tryggvasonar

12 13 14

kennings

ýti vallar orms;
‘the impeller of the plain of the serpent; ’
= GENEROUS MAN
the plain of the serpent; → GOLD
the impeller of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN

íslenzkum ‘the Icelandic’

(not checked:)
íslenzkr (adj.): [Icelandic]

notes

[2] íslenzkum her ‘the Icelandic people’: Herr m. is normally used of a military force but occasionally occurs in phrases denoting the population of a region, adherents of a particular religion, etc., as here (see LP: herr 2; Fritzner: herr 1). This is the first instance in the skaldic corpus of the use of the adj. íslenzkr to denote the population of Iceland collectively; the next occur in the C14th (see LP: íslenzkr).

her ‘people’

(not checked:)
herr (noun m.; °-s/-jar, dat. -; -jar, gen. -ja/herra): army, host

notes

vísi ‘the leader’

(not checked:)
vísi (noun m.; °-a): leader

orms ‘of the serpent’

(not checked:)
ormr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): serpent

kennings

ýti vallar orms;
‘the impeller of the plain of the serpent; ’
= GENEROUS MAN
the plain of the serpent; → GOLD
the impeller of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN

orms ‘of the serpent’

(not checked:)
ormr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): serpent

kennings

ýti vallar orms;
‘the impeller of the plain of the serpent; ’
= GENEROUS MAN
the plain of the serpent; → GOLD
the impeller of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN

vallar ‘of the plain’

(not checked:)
vǫllr (noun m.; °vallar, dat. velli; vellir acc. vǫllu/velli): plain, field

kennings

ýti vallar orms;
‘the impeller of the plain of the serpent; ’
= GENEROUS MAN
the plain of the serpent; → GOLD
the impeller of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN

vallar ‘of the plain’

(not checked:)
vǫllr (noun m.; °vallar, dat. velli; vellir acc. vǫllu/velli): plain, field

kennings

ýti vallar orms;
‘the impeller of the plain of the serpent; ’
= GENEROUS MAN
the plain of the serpent; → GOLD
the impeller of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN

bauð ‘ordered’

(not checked:)
bjóða (verb; °býðr; bauð, buðu; boðinn (buð- Thom¹ 5²n.)): offer, order, invite

notes

[3] bauð ‘ordered’: On the placing of the verb, see Introduction.

allan ‘for all’

(not checked:)
allr (adj.): all

aldr ‘time’

(not checked:)
aldr (noun m.; °aldrs, dat. aldri; aldrar): life, age

goðs ‘of God’

(not checked:)
1. guð (noun m.; °***guðrs, guðis, gus): (Christian) God

lǫgum ‘the laws’

(not checked:)
lag (noun n.; °-s; *-): layer; (pl.) law

halda ‘to keep’

(not checked:)
halda (verb): hold, keep

Svá ‘Thus’

(not checked:)
svá (adv.): so, thus

lét ‘let’

(not checked:)
láta (verb): let, have sth done

rœtr ‘roots’

(not checked:)
1. rót (noun f.; °-ar; rǿtr): root

[5] rœtr: ‘rettr’ Bb

hinns ‘the one who’

(not checked:)
2. er (conj.): who, which, when

rítar ‘of the shield’

(not checked:)
rít (noun f.): shield

kennings

rjóðendr reyrs rítar,
‘reddeners of the reed of the shield, ’
= WARRIORS
the reed of the shield, → SWORD
reddeners of the SWORD → WARRIORS

rítar ‘of the shield’

(not checked:)
rít (noun f.): shield

kennings

rjóðendr reyrs rítar,
‘reddeners of the reed of the shield, ’
= WARRIORS
the reed of the shield, → SWORD
reddeners of the SWORD → WARRIORS

rjóðendr ‘reddeners’

(not checked:)
rjóðandi (noun m.): reddener

kennings

rjóðendr reyrs rítar,
‘reddeners of the reed of the shield, ’
= WARRIORS
the reed of the shield, → SWORD
reddeners of the SWORD → WARRIORS

of ‘’

(not checked:)
4. of (particle): (before verb)

vann ‘conquered’

(not checked:)
2. vinna (verb): perform, work

góðar ‘good’

(not checked:)
góðr (adj.): good

reyrs ‘of the reed’

(not checked:)
2. reyr (noun n.): reed

kennings

rjóðendr reyrs rítar,
‘reddeners of the reed of the shield, ’
= WARRIORS
the reed of the shield, → SWORD
reddeners of the SWORD → WARRIORS

reyrs ‘of the reed’

(not checked:)
2. reyr (noun n.): reed

kennings

rjóðendr reyrs rítar,
‘reddeners of the reed of the shield, ’
= WARRIORS
the reed of the shield, → SWORD
reddeners of the SWORD → WARRIORS

und ‘under’

(not checked:)
3. und (prep.): under, underneath

[7] und: ‘vard’ Bb

ráði ‘condition’

(not checked:)
ráð (noun n.; °-s; -): advice, plan, control, power

vôru ‘our’

(not checked:)
várr (pron.; °f. ór/vár; pl. órir/várir): our

rétt ‘the righteous’

(not checked:)
3. réttr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): right, straight, direct < réttdœmr (adj.)

notes

[8] réttdœmr ‘righteous’: The minor emendation of ms. ‑dómr to ‑dœmr supplies an adj. réttdœmr qualifying konungr ‘king’; so also Skj B and Skald.

dœmr ‘’

(not checked:)
-dœmr (adj.): [in judgement] < réttdœmr (adj.)

[8] ‑dœmr: dómr Bb

notes

[8] réttdœmr ‘righteous’: The minor emendation of ms. ‑dómr to ‑dœmr supplies an adj. réttdœmr qualifying konungr ‘king’; so also Skj B and Skald.

konungr ‘king’

(not checked:)
konungr (noun m.; °dat. -i, -s; -ar): king

settar ‘be set’

(not checked:)
setja (verb): place, set, establish

Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses

verse
prose

[5-8]: The f. pl. nom./acc. adjectives góðar ‘good’ and settar ‘set’ (p. p. of setja) lack a corresponding noun. (a) The text above follows Kock’s suggestion (NN §1938C) of lét rœtr settar und ‘let roots be set under’, which has a good skaldic parallel (góð es rót und rôðum slíkum ‘the root under such actions is good’, RKet Lv 1/3, 4^IV); the verb rótsetja is also common in prose, especially in Christian contexts (Fritzner: rótsetja). This solution assumes a slightly inexact aðalhending of rétt: settar in l. 8. (b) Skj B emends to konungr lét reist góðar stéttar við ráði óru ‘the king let good foundations be built for our condition’, which is less attractive, though it does provide a correct aðalhending of rétt: stéttar. (c) NN §1220 emends more lightly to réttr konungr lét settan góðan vǫrð ráði óru ‘the just king let a good watch be set over our condition’.

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Anon Óldr 13I

Vítt ‘far and wide’

stóð ‘emanated’

ógn ‘Dread’

af ‘from’

ýti ‘the impeller’

kennings

íslenzkum ‘the Icelandic’

notes

her ‘people’

notes

vísi ‘the leader’

orms ‘of the serpent’

kennings

orms ‘of the serpent’

kennings

vallar ‘of the plain’

kennings

vallar ‘of the plain’

kennings

bauð ‘ordered’

notes

allan ‘for all’

aldr ‘time’

goðs ‘of God’

lǫgum ‘the laws’

halda ‘to keep’

Svá ‘Thus’

lét ‘let’

rœtr ‘roots’

hinns ‘the one who’

rítar ‘of the shield’

kennings

rítar ‘of the shield’

kennings

rjóðendr ‘reddeners’

kennings

of ‘’

vann ‘conquered’

góðar ‘good’

reyrs ‘of the reed’

kennings

reyrs ‘of the reed’

kennings

und ‘under’

ráði ‘condition’

vôru ‘our’

rétt ‘the righteous’

notes

dœmr ‘’

notes

konungr ‘king’

settar ‘be set’

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Anon Óldr 13^I