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Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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Anon Nkt 39II

Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2009, ‘Anonymous Poems, Nóregs konungatal 39’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 786-7.

Anonymous PoemsNóregs konungatal
383940

Þá gat son
Sigurðr ok Ásta,
þanns Haralds
heiti átti.
Sá réð einn
allvitr konungr
víðri fold*
vetr tuttugu,
áðr herfǫr
hilmir gerði
til Englands
með ofstopa.
Felldu vestr
í vápnþrumu
enskir menn
Óláfs bróður.

Þá gat Sigurðr ok Ásta son, þanns átti heiti Haralds. Sá allvitr konungr réð einn víðri fold* tuttugu vetr, áðr hilmir gerði herfǫr til Englands með ofstopa. Enskir menn felldu {bróður Óláfs} vestr í {vápnþrumu}.

Then Sigurðr and Ásta begot a son who bore Haraldr’s name. That very wise king ruled the wide land alone for twenty years, before the lord made a war-expedition to England with insolence. English men killed {Óláfr’s brother} [= Haraldr] in the west in {weapon-thunder} [BATTLE].

Mss: Flat(144vb)

Readings: [5] réð: reið Flat    [7] fold*: foldu Flat

Editions: Skj AI, 584-5, Skj BI, 582-3, Skald I, 283; Flat 1860-8, II, 524.

Notes: [All]: Sigurðr sýrr married Ásta Guðbrandsdóttir, the widow of Haraldr grenski and the mother of Óláfr inn helgi Haraldsson (S. Óláfr). Haraldr Sigurðarson ruled jointly with his nephew Magnús Óláfsson (d. 1047) for one year, and thereafter he was sole ruler of Norway for nineteen years. He fell at the battle of Stamford Bridge against Harold Godwineson of England on 25 September 1066. His body was brought back to Norway and was buried in Mariekirken (Máríukirkja, the Church of S. Mary) in Trondheim, which Haraldr himself had built (see Theodoricus, MHN 58). When that church was demolished by Archbishop Eysteinn c. 1170, Haraldr’s body was relocated to the Augustinian foundation of Elgeseter (see McDougall and MacDougall 1998, 105 n. 281). See Ágr (ÍF 29, 39-40), Mork 1928-32, 270-8, 284, Fsk (ÍF 29, 280-9), HSigHkr (ÍF 28, 183-91, 198). See also Hharð Lv 13-14, ÞjóðA Lv 10-11, Arn Hardr 7-16, Stúfr Stúfdr 8, Steinn Óldr 1-3, Anon Harst. — [1] gat (3rd pers. sg. pret. indic.) ‘begot’: The verb is sg., but the subject is pl. (see Note to st. 25/1). Here the sg. form is necessary because the pl. (gtu) would produce an unmetrical l. — [7] fold* (f. dat. sg.) ‘land’: Foldu (f. dat. sg.) ‘land’ (so Flat) makes the l. one syllable too long. Fold is a f. i-stem (dat. sg. foldu) that could be inflected as an ō-stem in the sg. (fold). For an identical dat. form, see st. 58/5. — [12] með ofstopa ‘with insolence’: The view emerging from the praise poetry about Haraldr is that some of his campaigns, in particular his final expedition to England, were prompted by ‘an excess of heroism’. See Note to Arn Hardr 12/1, as well as ÞjóðA Lv 11 and Þfagr Sveinn 6/6. — [14] vápnþrumu ‘weapon-thunder’: Skj B and Skald emend to vápnþrimu ‘weapon-crash’, which is unnecessary since vápnþruma is a regular kenning for ‘battle’.

References

  1. Bibliography
  2. Skj B = Finnur Jónsson, ed. 1912-15b. Den norsk-islandske skjaldedigtning. B: Rettet tekst. 2 vols. Copenhagen: Villadsen & Christensen. Rpt. 1973. Copenhagen: Rosenkilde & Bagger.
  3. Skald = Kock, Ernst Albin, ed. 1946-50. Den norsk-isländska skaldediktningen. 2 vols. Lund: Gleerup.
  4. Ágr = [Anonymous] Ágrip af Nóregs konunga sögum.
  5. Flat 1860-8 = Gudbrand Vigfusson [Guðbrandur Vigfússon] and C. R. Unger, eds. 1860-8. Flateyjarbók. En samling af norske konge-sagaer med indskudte mindre fortællinger om begivenheder i og udenfor Norge samt annaler. 3 vols. Christiania (Oslo): Malling.
  6. MHN = Storm, Gustav, ed. 1880. Monumenta historica Norvegiæ: Latinske kildeskrifter til Norges historie i middelalderen. Kristiania (Oslo): Brøgger. Rpt. 1973. Oslo: Aas & Wahl.
  7. Mork 1928-32 = Finnur Jónsson, ed. 1928-32. Morkinskinna. SUGNL 53. Copenhagen: Jørgensen.
  8. ÍF 26-8 = Heimskringla. Ed. Bjarni Aðalbjarnarson. 1941-51.
  9. ÍF 29 = Ágrip af Nóregskonunga sǫgum; Fagrskinna—Nóregs konungatal. Ed. Bjarni Einarsson. 1985.
  10. Theodoricus = Theodrici monachi historia de antiquitate regum Norwagiensium. In MHN 1-68.
  11. Internal references
  12. (forthcoming), ‘ Unattributed, Fagrskinna’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, p. . <https://skaldic.org/m.php?p=text&i=56> (accessed 28 March 2024)
  13. 2017, ‘ Anonymous, Ragnars saga loðbrókar’ in Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.), Poetry in fornaldarsögur. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 8. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 616. <https://skaldic.org/m.php?p=text&i=81> (accessed 28 March 2024)
  14. Russell Poole 2012, ‘(Biography of) Óláfr inn helgi Haraldsson’ in Diana Whaley (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 1: From Mythical Times to c. 1035. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 1. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 515.
  15. Matthew Townend 2009, ‘ Anonymous, Haraldsstikki’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 807-8. <https://skaldic.org/m.php?p=text&i=1081> (accessed 28 March 2024)
  16. Diana Whaley (ed.) 2009, ‘Arnórr jarlaskáld Þórðarson, Haraldsdrápa 12’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 273-4.
  17. Diana Whaley (ed.) 2009, ‘Arnórr jarlaskáld Þórðarson, Haraldsdrápa 7’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 268.
  18. Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2009, ‘Haraldr harðráði Sigurðarson, Lausavísur 13’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 54-5.
  19. Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2009, ‘Steinn Herdísarson, Óláfsdrápa 1’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 368-9.
  20. Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2009, ‘Stúfr inn blindi Þórðarson kattar, Stúfsdrápa 8’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 357-8.
  21. Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2009, ‘Þorleikr fagri, Flokkr about Sveinn Úlfsson 6’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 317-18.
  22. Diana Whaley (ed.) 2009, ‘Þjóðólfr Arnórsson, Lausavísur 10’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 174-5.
  23. Diana Whaley (ed.) 2009, ‘Þjóðólfr Arnórsson, Lausavísur 11’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 175-6.
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