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Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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Gestumbl Heiðr 32^VIII (Heiðr 79)

Hannah Burrows (ed.) 2017, ‘Hervarar saga ok Heiðreks 79 (Gestumblindi, Heiðreks gátur 32)’ in Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.), Poetry in fornaldarsögur. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 8. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 446.

Gestumblindi Heiðreks gátur

Hverjar ‘Who’

(not checked:)
2. hverr (pron.): who, whom, each, every

eru ‘are’

(not checked:)
2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am

þeir ‘those’

(not checked:)
1. sá (pron.; °gen. þess, dat. þeim, acc. þann; f. sú, gen. þeirrar, acc. þá; n. þat, dat. því; pl. m. þeir, f. þǽ---): that (one), those

þegnar ‘thanes’

(not checked:)
þegn (noun m.; °dat. -/-i; -ar): thane, man, franklin

[1] þegnar: ‘þeguar’ R715ˣ

er ‘who’

(not checked:)
2. er (conj.): who, which, when

ríða ‘ride’

(not checked:)
1. ríða (verb): ride

[2] ríða: ráða R715ˣ

þingi ‘the assembly’

(not checked:)
þing (noun n.; °-s; -): meeting, assembly

[2] þingi: landi R715ˣ

notes

[2] at þingi ‘to the assembly’: Ms. R715ˣ has the variant ‘landi all’, which does not make grammatical sense and lacks alliteration with l. 1.

at ‘to’

(not checked:)
3. at (prep.): at, to

[2] at: ‘all’ R715ˣ

notes

[2] at þingi ‘to the assembly’: Ms. R715ˣ has the variant ‘landi all’, which does not make grammatical sense and lacks alliteration with l. 1.

sáttir ‘reconciled’

(not checked:)
sáttr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): reconciled, at peace

[3] sáttir allir: ok eru sextán 281ˣ, 597bˣ

allir ‘all’

(not checked:)
allr (adj.): all

[3] sáttir allir: ok eru sextán 281ˣ, 597bˣ

saman ‘together’

(not checked:)
saman (adv.): together

Lýða ‘men’

(not checked:)
lýðr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -; -ir): one of the people

[4] Lýða: lýdi 281ˣ, 597bˣ

sína ‘their’

(not checked:)
3. sinn (pron.; °f. sín, n. sitt): (refl. poss. pron.)

[4] sína: om. R715ˣ

senda ‘send’

(not checked:)
senda (verb): send

þeir ‘They’

(not checked:)
hann (pron.; °gen. hans, dat. honum; f. hon, gen. hennar, acc. hana): he, she, it, they, them...

lönd ‘lands’

(not checked:)
land (noun n.; °-s; *-): land

[5] lönd: land R715ˣ

yfir ‘over’

(not checked:)
yfir (prep.): over

at ‘to’

(not checked:)
5. at (nota): to (with infinitive)

byggja ‘settle’

(not checked:)
2. byggja (verb; °byggir/byggvir; byggði; byggðr): inhabit, dwell; build, found

[6] byggja: sigra menn R715ˣ

bólstaði ‘homesteads’

(not checked:)
bólstaðr (noun m.; °dat. -/-i; -ir): °place to live, dwelling, farm (buildings and land)

[6] bólstaði: ‘sierhuoria’ R715ˣ

Heiðrekr ‘Heiðrekr’

(not checked:)
Heiðrekr (noun m.): Heiðrekr

[7-8] abbrev. as ‘h k’ 2845, abbrev. as ‘heidr: k:’ 281ˣ, abbrev. as ‘h K:’ 597bˣ

konungr ‘King’

(not checked:)
konungr (noun m.; °dat. -i, -s; -ar): king

[7-8] abbrev. as ‘h k’ 2845, abbrev. as ‘heidr: k:’ 281ˣ, abbrev. as ‘h K:’ 597bˣ

hyggðu ‘think’

(not checked:)
2. hyggja (verb): think, consider

[7-8] abbrev. as ‘h k’ 2845, abbrev. as ‘heidr: k:’ 281ˣ, abbrev. as ‘h K:’ 597bˣ

at ‘about’

(not checked:)
3. at (prep.): at, to

[7-8] abbrev. as ‘h k’ 2845, abbrev. as ‘heidr: k:’ 281ˣ, abbrev. as ‘h K:’ 597bˣ

gátu ‘the riddle’

(not checked:)
gáta (noun f.)

[7-8] abbrev. as ‘h k’ 2845, abbrev. as ‘heidr: k:’ 281ˣ, abbrev. as ‘h K:’ 597bˣ

Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses

Heiðrekr’s response is (Heiðr 1960, 37): þat er Ítrekr ok Andaðr, er þeir sitja at tafli sínu ‘That is Ítrekr and Andaðr, when they sit at their tafl-board’. The H redaction has (Heiðr 1924, 79): þat er tafl Ítreks konungs ‘That is King Ítrekr’s tafl’. On tafl or hnefatafl see Heiðr 66, Note to [All]. One Ítreksjóð (lit. ‘offspring of Ítrekr’) appears in Þul Ása I 1/8^III, names for Óðinn’s sons (cf. SnE 1998, I, 113), suggesting Ítrekr is an Óðinn-name. An Anduðr or Ǫnduðr appears in a list of heiti for giants in the same text (SnE 1998, I, 111; Þul Jǫtna I 4/6^III). Further details of such a skill-contest have not survived, but are not dissimilar to the wisdom-contests between gods and giants in e.g. Vafþr or Alv. — Cf. Heiðr 66 and 73, which both also refer to aspects of the game tafl. — [1-2]: Ms. R715ˣ has these two lines (with a slight variation in l. 1) at the beginning of Heiðr 83. — [3]: The H redaction has: ok eru sextán saman ‘and are sixteen together’, which is adopted by Edd. Min. On a 7x7 hnefatafl board there would be sixteen attackers.

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