Anon Mv I 9VII
Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2007, ‘Anonymous Poems, Máríuvísur I 9’ in Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.), Poetry on Christian Subjects. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 7. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 685.
Drepa ‘to lose’
(not checked:)
drepa (verb; °drepr; drap, drápu; drepinn): kill, strike
liet ‘caused’
(not checked:)
láta (verb): let, have sth done
brúðrin ‘woman’
(not checked:)
brúðr (noun f.; °brúðar, dat. & acc. brúði; brúðir): woman, bride
bráða ‘impetuous’
(not checked:)
bráðr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): quick(ly)
bráð ‘impetuous’
(not checked:)
bráðr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): quick(ly)
varð ‘became’
(not checked:)
1. verða (verb): become, be
snót ‘the lady’
(not checked:)
snót (noun f.; °; -ir): woman
í ‘in’
(not checked:)
í (prep.): in, into
ráðum ‘her counsels’
(not checked:)
ráð (noun n.; °-s; -): advice, plan, control, power
mann ‘husband’
(not checked:)
maðr (noun m.): man, person
saklausan ‘the blameless’
(not checked:)
saklauss (adj.): innocent, without cause
sinnar ‘of her’
(not checked:)
3. sinn (pron.; °f. sín, n. sitt): (refl. poss. pron.)
sótt ‘The accused’
(not checked:)
sœkja (verb): seek, attack
notes
[4] sótt (f. nom. sg.) ‘accused’: This is the p.p. of the verb sœkja ‘accuse, seek, attack’ (see NN §1682). Skj B construes it as the second element of a cpd, in which bráð ‘impetuous, quick’ functions as the first element: snót varð bráðsótt ‘the lady was very rash’. That cpd is otherwise unattested.
af ‘’
(not checked:)
af (prep.): from
lífi ‘life’
(not checked:)
líf (noun n.; °-s; -): life
Glóð ‘of the glow’
(not checked:)
glóð (noun f.): ember < glóðnanna (noun f.)
kennings
Græðis glóð-Nanna‘the glow-Nanna of the sea’
= WOMAN
the glow of the sea → GOLD
The Nanna of the GOLD → WOMAN
notes
[5-6] græðis glóð-Nanna fekk grát ‘the Nanna <goddess> of the glow of the sea [(lit. ‘the glow-Nanna of the sea’) GOLD > WOMAN] got grief [lit. weeping]’: This emendation is conjectural. The ms. reading can be construed as follows: græðir fekk grát glóðanna ‘the Saviour [or sea] got weeping of the embers’ or græðir glóðanna fekk grát ‘the Saviour [or sea] of the embers got weeping’. Neither of these readings makes any sense. It is easy to see how glóð-Nanna ‘glow-Nanna’ (lectio difficilior) could be confused with glóðanna ‘of the embers’ (lectio facilior) and the poetic word græðis ‘of the sea’ with the more familiar græðir ‘Saviour’. The goddess-name Nanna is also used as a base-word in kennings for ‘woman’ in Anon Mey 30/6 and Kálf Kátr 10/2 and 13/7. Most earlier eds emend to glóða Ná fekk græðis, in which Ná glóða græðis ‘the Ná of the embers of the sea’ must be a kenning for ‘woman’ (so Sperber; Skj B; Skald; Wrightson). That l. is syntactically and metrically impossible: in the corpus of dróttkvætt poetry there is no other sentence-introductory Type-A l. in which a trisyllabic cpd in position 1-3 is followed by the finite verb. Furthermore, it is not clear who Ná is supposed to be. There is no entry in LP, but presumably it is a late, otherwise unattested form of the name of the goddess Gn (with loss of initial g-).
Glóð ‘of the glow’
(not checked:)
glóð (noun f.): ember < glóðnanna (noun f.)
kennings
Græðis glóð-Nanna‘the glow-Nanna of the sea’
= WOMAN
the glow of the sea → GOLD
The Nanna of the GOLD → WOMAN
notes
[5-6] græðis glóð-Nanna fekk grát ‘the Nanna <goddess> of the glow of the sea [(lit. ‘the glow-Nanna of the sea’) GOLD > WOMAN] got grief [lit. weeping]’: This emendation is conjectural. The ms. reading can be construed as follows: græðir fekk grát glóðanna ‘the Saviour [or sea] got weeping of the embers’ or græðir glóðanna fekk grát ‘the Saviour [or sea] of the embers got weeping’. Neither of these readings makes any sense. It is easy to see how glóð-Nanna ‘glow-Nanna’ (lectio difficilior) could be confused with glóðanna ‘of the embers’ (lectio facilior) and the poetic word græðis ‘of the sea’ with the more familiar græðir ‘Saviour’. The goddess-name Nanna is also used as a base-word in kennings for ‘woman’ in Anon Mey 30/6 and Kálf Kátr 10/2 and 13/7. Most earlier eds emend to glóða Ná fekk græðis, in which Ná glóða græðis ‘the Ná of the embers of the sea’ must be a kenning for ‘woman’ (so Sperber; Skj B; Skald; Wrightson). That l. is syntactically and metrically impossible: in the corpus of dróttkvætt poetry there is no other sentence-introductory Type-A l. in which a trisyllabic cpd in position 1-3 is followed by the finite verb. Furthermore, it is not clear who Ná is supposed to be. There is no entry in LP, but presumably it is a late, otherwise unattested form of the name of the goddess Gn (with loss of initial g-).
kennings
Græðis glóð-Nanna‘the glow-Nanna of the sea’
= WOMAN
the glow of the sea → GOLD
The Nanna of the GOLD → WOMAN
notes
[5-6] græðis glóð-Nanna fekk grát ‘the Nanna <goddess> of the glow of the sea [(lit. ‘the glow-Nanna of the sea’) GOLD > WOMAN] got grief [lit. weeping]’: This emendation is conjectural. The ms. reading can be construed as follows: græðir fekk grát glóðanna ‘the Saviour [or sea] got weeping of the embers’ or græðir glóðanna fekk grát ‘the Saviour [or sea] of the embers got weeping’. Neither of these readings makes any sense. It is easy to see how glóð-Nanna ‘glow-Nanna’ (lectio difficilior) could be confused with glóðanna ‘of the embers’ (lectio facilior) and the poetic word græðis ‘of the sea’ with the more familiar græðir ‘Saviour’. The goddess-name Nanna is also used as a base-word in kennings for ‘woman’ in Anon Mey 30/6 and Kálf Kátr 10/2 and 13/7. Most earlier eds emend to glóða Ná fekk græðis, in which Ná glóða græðis ‘the Ná of the embers of the sea’ must be a kenning for ‘woman’ (so Sperber; Skj B; Skald; Wrightson). That l. is syntactically and metrically impossible: in the corpus of dróttkvætt poetry there is no other sentence-introductory Type-A l. in which a trisyllabic cpd in position 1-3 is followed by the finite verb. Furthermore, it is not clear who Ná is supposed to be. There is no entry in LP, but presumably it is a late, otherwise unattested form of the name of the goddess Gn (with loss of initial g-).
fekk ‘got’
(not checked:)
2. fá (verb; °fǽr; fekk, fengu; fenginn): get, receive
notes
[5-6] græðis glóð-Nanna fekk grát ‘the Nanna <goddess> of the glow of the sea [(lit. ‘the glow-Nanna of the sea’) GOLD > WOMAN] got grief [lit. weeping]’: This emendation is conjectural. The ms. reading can be construed as follows: græðir fekk grát glóðanna ‘the Saviour [or sea] got weeping of the embers’ or græðir glóðanna fekk grát ‘the Saviour [or sea] of the embers got weeping’. Neither of these readings makes any sense. It is easy to see how glóð-Nanna ‘glow-Nanna’ (lectio difficilior) could be confused with glóðanna ‘of the embers’ (lectio facilior) and the poetic word græðis ‘of the sea’ with the more familiar græðir ‘Saviour’. The goddess-name Nanna is also used as a base-word in kennings for ‘woman’ in Anon Mey 30/6 and Kálf Kátr 10/2 and 13/7. Most earlier eds emend to glóða Ná fekk græðis, in which Ná glóða græðis ‘the Ná of the embers of the sea’ must be a kenning for ‘woman’ (so Sperber; Skj B; Skald; Wrightson). That l. is syntactically and metrically impossible: in the corpus of dróttkvætt poetry there is no other sentence-introductory Type-A l. in which a trisyllabic cpd in position 1-3 is followed by the finite verb. Furthermore, it is not clear who Ná is supposed to be. There is no entry in LP, but presumably it is a late, otherwise unattested form of the name of the goddess Gn (with loss of initial g-).
kennings
Græðis glóð-Nanna‘the glow-Nanna of the sea’
= WOMAN
the glow of the sea → GOLD
The Nanna of the GOLD → WOMAN
notes
[5-6] græðis glóð-Nanna fekk grát ‘the Nanna <goddess> of the glow of the sea [(lit. ‘the glow-Nanna of the sea’) GOLD > WOMAN] got grief [lit. weeping]’: This emendation is conjectural. The ms. reading can be construed as follows: græðir fekk grát glóðanna ‘the Saviour [or sea] got weeping of the embers’ or græðir glóðanna fekk grát ‘the Saviour [or sea] of the embers got weeping’. Neither of these readings makes any sense. It is easy to see how glóð-Nanna ‘glow-Nanna’ (lectio difficilior) could be confused with glóðanna ‘of the embers’ (lectio facilior) and the poetic word græðis ‘of the sea’ with the more familiar græðir ‘Saviour’. The goddess-name Nanna is also used as a base-word in kennings for ‘woman’ in Anon Mey 30/6 and Kálf Kátr 10/2 and 13/7. Most earlier eds emend to glóða Ná fekk græðis, in which Ná glóða græðis ‘the Ná of the embers of the sea’ must be a kenning for ‘woman’ (so Sperber; Skj B; Skald; Wrightson). That l. is syntactically and metrically impossible: in the corpus of dróttkvætt poetry there is no other sentence-introductory Type-A l. in which a trisyllabic cpd in position 1-3 is followed by the finite verb. Furthermore, it is not clear who Ná is supposed to be. There is no entry in LP, but presumably it is a late, otherwise unattested form of the name of the goddess Gn (with loss of initial g-).
kennings
Græðis glóð-Nanna‘the glow-Nanna of the sea’
= WOMAN
the glow of the sea → GOLD
The Nanna of the GOLD → WOMAN
notes
[5-6] græðis glóð-Nanna fekk grát ‘the Nanna <goddess> of the glow of the sea [(lit. ‘the glow-Nanna of the sea’) GOLD > WOMAN] got grief [lit. weeping]’: This emendation is conjectural. The ms. reading can be construed as follows: græðir fekk grát glóðanna ‘the Saviour [or sea] got weeping of the embers’ or græðir glóðanna fekk grát ‘the Saviour [or sea] of the embers got weeping’. Neither of these readings makes any sense. It is easy to see how glóð-Nanna ‘glow-Nanna’ (lectio difficilior) could be confused with glóðanna ‘of the embers’ (lectio facilior) and the poetic word græðis ‘of the sea’ with the more familiar græðir ‘Saviour’. The goddess-name Nanna is also used as a base-word in kennings for ‘woman’ in Anon Mey 30/6 and Kálf Kátr 10/2 and 13/7. Most earlier eds emend to glóða Ná fekk græðis, in which Ná glóða græðis ‘the Ná of the embers of the sea’ must be a kenning for ‘woman’ (so Sperber; Skj B; Skald; Wrightson). That l. is syntactically and metrically impossible: in the corpus of dróttkvætt poetry there is no other sentence-introductory Type-A l. in which a trisyllabic cpd in position 1-3 is followed by the finite verb. Furthermore, it is not clear who Ná is supposed to be. There is no entry in LP, but presumably it is a late, otherwise unattested form of the name of the goddess Gn (with loss of initial g-).
grát ‘grief’
(not checked:)
grátr (noun m.): weeping, crying
notes
[5-6] græðis glóð-Nanna fekk grát ‘the Nanna <goddess> of the glow of the sea [(lit. ‘the glow-Nanna of the sea’) GOLD > WOMAN] got grief [lit. weeping]’: This emendation is conjectural. The ms. reading can be construed as follows: græðir fekk grát glóðanna ‘the Saviour [or sea] got weeping of the embers’ or græðir glóðanna fekk grát ‘the Saviour [or sea] of the embers got weeping’. Neither of these readings makes any sense. It is easy to see how glóð-Nanna ‘glow-Nanna’ (lectio difficilior) could be confused with glóðanna ‘of the embers’ (lectio facilior) and the poetic word græðis ‘of the sea’ with the more familiar græðir ‘Saviour’. The goddess-name Nanna is also used as a base-word in kennings for ‘woman’ in Anon Mey 30/6 and Kálf Kátr 10/2 and 13/7. Most earlier eds emend to glóða Ná fekk græðis, in which Ná glóða græðis ‘the Ná of the embers of the sea’ must be a kenning for ‘woman’ (so Sperber; Skj B; Skald; Wrightson). That l. is syntactically and metrically impossible: in the corpus of dróttkvætt poetry there is no other sentence-introductory Type-A l. in which a trisyllabic cpd in position 1-3 is followed by the finite verb. Furthermore, it is not clear who Ná is supposed to be. There is no entry in LP, but presumably it is a late, otherwise unattested form of the name of the goddess Gn (with loss of initial g-).
af ‘from’
(not checked:)
af (prep.): from
láti ‘death’
(not checked:)
lát (noun n.; °; -): death < bóndalát (noun n.)
en ‘and’
(not checked:)
2. en (conj.): but, and
mæðandi ‘oppressing’
(not checked:)
2. mœða (verb): weary
móðir ‘the mother’
(not checked:)
móðir (noun f.): mother
mein ‘harm’
(not checked:)
mein (noun n.; °-s; -): harm, injury
af ‘for’
(not checked:)
af (prep.): from
sögðum ‘the said’
(not checked:)
segja (verb): say, tell
greinum ‘reasons’
(not checked:)
grein (noun f.): reason, period, branch
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
|
Drepa liet brúðrin bráða |
The accused, impetuous woman caused the blameless husband of her daughter to lose his life [lit. to be struck from life]; the lady became impetuous in her counsels. The Nanna <goddess> of the glow of the sea [(lit. ‘the glow-Nanna of the sea’) GOLD > WOMAN] got grief [lit. weeping] from the husband’s death, and the mother oppressing harm for the said reasons.
The first version of the miracle in Mar (277) merely informs us that the woman hired two boys to kill the man secretly. The second version (Mar 1202) goes into more detail: The woman hires the two boys for twenty shillings, they strangle the man in the basement of the house and then carry him up to his bedroom to give the impression that he had died of natural causes.
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