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Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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Anon Mv I 25^VII

Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2007, ‘Anonymous Poems, Máríuvísur I 25’ in Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.), Poetry on Christian Subjects. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 7. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 696-7.

Anonymous Poems Máríuvísur I

Sungu ‘sang’

(not checked:)
syngja (verb): sing

sætt ‘sweetly’

(not checked:)
sœtr (adj.): sweet

og ‘and’

(not checked:)
3. ok (conj.): and, but; also

leingi ‘for a long time’

(not checked:)
lengi (adv.): for a long time

sann ‘The truth’

(not checked:)
2. sannr (adj.; °-an; compar. -ari, superl. -astr): true < sannfróðr (adj.)

fróðir ‘knowing’

(not checked:)
fróðr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): wise < sannfróðr (adj.)

guðs ‘of God’

(not checked:)
1. guð (noun m.; °***guðrs, guðis, gus): (Christian) God

kennings

móður guðs
‘of the mother of God ’
= Mary
the mother of God → Mary

móður ‘of the mother’

(not checked:)
móðir (noun f.): mother

kennings

móður guðs
‘of the mother of God ’
= Mary
the mother of God → Mary

lýðir ‘people’

(not checked:)
lýðr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -; -ir): one of the people

[3] lýðir: lýðr 721

notes

[3] lýðir (m. nom. pl.) ‘people’: Lýðr ‘people’ (so 721) is in the sg. and the pl. form is required both by the syntax and by the metre.

lof ‘the praise’

(not checked:)
lof (noun n.; °-s; -): praise, leave, permission

þá ‘’

(not checked:)
2. þá (adv.): then

er ‘when’

(not checked:)
2. er (conj.): who, which, when

brúði ‘the woman’

(not checked:)
brúðr (noun f.; °brúðar, dat. & acc. brúði; brúðir): woman, bride

litu ‘they saw’

(not checked:)
líta (verb): look, see; appear

hvíta ‘unblemished [lit. white]’

(not checked:)
hvítr (adj.; °-an; -ari, -astr): white

þar ‘there’

(not checked:)
þar (adv.): there

sitja ‘sitting’

(not checked:)
sitja (verb): sit

Lietu ‘let’

(not checked:)
láta (verb): let, have sth done

síðan ‘Then’

(not checked:)
síðan (adv.): later, then

sætu ‘the lady’

(not checked:)
1. sæta (noun f.; °-u; -ur): woman, lady

[5] sætu: sæta 721

notes

[5] sætu (f. acc. sg.) ‘lady’: Sæta ‘lady’ is in the nom. and the syntax requires the acc. case.

seim ‘of the gold’

(not checked:)
2. seimr (noun m.; °dat. -i): gold < seimstallr (noun m.)

kennings

allir viðir seimstalls
‘all the trees of the gold-seat ’
= MEN
the gold-seat → ARM
all the trees of the ARM → MEN

notes

[6] viðir seimstalls ‘trees of the gold-seat [ARM > MEN]’: This is an unusual kenning for ‘men’ because seimstalls ‘of the gold-seat’ (i.e. ‘of the arm’) is usually a determinant in kennings for ‘women’ (see Note to st. 23 above). Kock tries to solve that crux in various ways (seimstalls ‘of the snake-seat’ is ‘of gold’, NN §2869; seimstalls ‘of the gold-seat’ is ‘of the shield’, NN §3397K). Both interpretations are unparalleled and very strained.

seim ‘of the gold’

(not checked:)
2. seimr (noun m.; °dat. -i): gold < seimstallr (noun m.)

kennings

allir viðir seimstalls
‘all the trees of the gold-seat ’
= MEN
the gold-seat → ARM
all the trees of the ARM → MEN

notes

[6] viðir seimstalls ‘trees of the gold-seat [ARM > MEN]’: This is an unusual kenning for ‘men’ because seimstalls ‘of the gold-seat’ (i.e. ‘of the arm’) is usually a determinant in kennings for ‘women’ (see Note to st. 23 above). Kock tries to solve that crux in various ways (seimstalls ‘of the snake-seat’ is ‘of gold’, NN §2869; seimstalls ‘of the gold-seat’ is ‘of the shield’, NN §3397K). Both interpretations are unparalleled and very strained.

stalls ‘seat’

(not checked:)
stallr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): seat, stall, support < seimstallr (noun m.)

kennings

allir viðir seimstalls
‘all the trees of the gold-seat ’
= MEN
the gold-seat → ARM
all the trees of the ARM → MEN

notes

[6] viðir seimstalls ‘trees of the gold-seat [ARM > MEN]’: This is an unusual kenning for ‘men’ because seimstalls ‘of the gold-seat’ (i.e. ‘of the arm’) is usually a determinant in kennings for ‘women’ (see Note to st. 23 above). Kock tries to solve that crux in various ways (seimstalls ‘of the snake-seat’ is ‘of gold’, NN §2869; seimstalls ‘of the gold-seat’ is ‘of the shield’, NN §3397K). Both interpretations are unparalleled and very strained.

stalls ‘seat’

(not checked:)
stallr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): seat, stall, support < seimstallr (noun m.)

kennings

allir viðir seimstalls
‘all the trees of the gold-seat ’
= MEN
the gold-seat → ARM
all the trees of the ARM → MEN

notes

[6] viðir seimstalls ‘trees of the gold-seat [ARM > MEN]’: This is an unusual kenning for ‘men’ because seimstalls ‘of the gold-seat’ (i.e. ‘of the arm’) is usually a determinant in kennings for ‘women’ (see Note to st. 23 above). Kock tries to solve that crux in various ways (seimstalls ‘of the snake-seat’ is ‘of gold’, NN §2869; seimstalls ‘of the gold-seat’ is ‘of the shield’, NN §3397K). Both interpretations are unparalleled and very strained.

viðir ‘the trees’

(not checked:)
1. viðr (noun m.; °-ar, dat. -i/-; -ir, acc. -u/-i): wood, tree

kennings

allir viðir seimstalls
‘all the trees of the gold-seat ’
= MEN
the gold-seat → ARM
all the trees of the ARM → MEN

notes

[6] viðir seimstalls ‘trees of the gold-seat [ARM > MEN]’: This is an unusual kenning for ‘men’ because seimstalls ‘of the gold-seat’ (i.e. ‘of the arm’) is usually a determinant in kennings for ‘women’ (see Note to st. 23 above). Kock tries to solve that crux in various ways (seimstalls ‘of the snake-seat’ is ‘of gold’, NN §2869; seimstalls ‘of the gold-seat’ is ‘of the shield’, NN §3397K). Both interpretations are unparalleled and very strained.

allir ‘all’

(not checked:)
allr (adj.): all

kennings

allir viðir seimstalls
‘all the trees of the gold-seat ’
= MEN
the gold-seat → ARM
all the trees of the ARM → MEN

fara ‘go’

(not checked:)
fara (verb; ferr, fór, fóru, farinn): go, travel

í ‘in’

(not checked:)
í (prep.): in, into

friði ‘peace’

(not checked:)
friðr (noun m.): peace

og ‘and’

(not checked:)
3. ok (conj.): and, but; also

æru ‘honour’

(not checked:)
1. æra (noun f.; °-u): honour

notes

[7] æru ‘honour’: This is a late loanword from MLG ēre ‘honour’ (see AEW: æra 1).

fljóð ‘the woman’

(not checked:)
fljóð (noun n.): woman

var ‘were’

(not checked:)
2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am

notes

[8] var (3rd pers. sg. pret. indic.) ‘was’: The verb is in the sg. and the subject in the pl. (see NS §70).

sátt ‘reconciled’

(not checked:)
sátt (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): settlement

og ‘and’

(not checked:)
3. ok (conj.): and, but; also

þjóðir ‘the people’

(not checked:)
þjóð (noun f.; °-ar, dat. -/-u; -ir): people

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