Anon Mv I 11VII
Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2007, ‘Anonymous Poems, Máríuvísur I 11’ in Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.), Poetry on Christian Subjects. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 7. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 687.
Hun ‘She’
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hann (pron.; °gen. hans, dat. honum; f. hon, gen. hennar, acc. hana): he, she, it, they, them...
fyrir ‘because of’
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fyrir (prep.): for, before, because of
heimsku ‘foolishness’
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1. heimska (noun f.; °-u): folly
sína ‘her’
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3. sinn (pron.; °f. sín, n. sitt): (refl. poss. pron.)
hrygðiz ‘became sorrowful’
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hryggja (verb): distress
viðr ‘’
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2. við (prep.): with, against
og ‘and’
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3. ok (conj.): and, but; also
iðraz ‘repents’
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iðra (verb): repent
þegar ‘at once’
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þegar (adv.): at once, then
en ‘but’
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2. en (conj.): but, and
þorði ‘dare’
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þora (verb): dare
eigi ‘not’
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3. eigi (adv.): not
þrætu ‘litigation’
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1. þræta (noun f.; °-u; -ur): quarrel
máls ‘in the case’
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1. mál (noun n.; °-s; -): speech, matter
að ‘to’
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5. at (nota): to (with infinitive)
[4] að sæta: ‘a[...]æta’ 721FJ, ‘a[...]æ[...]a’ 721, ‘a. ..e.a’ 1032ˣ
notes
[4] að sæta ‘to seek’: Finnur could still read the ‘t’ in sæta ‘seek’ (which is also confirmed by the internal rhyme -æt- : -æt-), and he notes that the top of a long letter can be discerned after the first <a>. For sæta ‘seek, cause, start’, see Fritzner: sæta 3.
sæta ‘seek’
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2. sæta (verb): mean, signify
[4] að sæta: ‘a[...]æta’ 721FJ, ‘a[...]æ[...]a’ 721, ‘a. ..e.a’ 1032ˣ
notes
[4] að sæta ‘to seek’: Finnur could still read the ‘t’ in sæta ‘seek’ (which is also confirmed by the internal rhyme -æt- : -æt-), and he notes that the top of a long letter can be discerned after the first <a>. For sæta ‘seek, cause, start’, see Fritzner: sæta 3.
Gjörði ‘with grief’
hun ‘she’
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hann (pron.; °gen. hans, dat. honum; f. hon, gen. hennar, acc. hana): he, she, it, they, them...
öllum ‘every’
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allr (adj.): all
orðum ‘word’
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orð (noun n.; °-s; -): word
angr ‘Bursting’
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1. angr (noun m.; °angrs, dat. angri/angr): grief < angrþrútinn (adj.)
þrútin ‘’
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þrútinn (adj./verb p.p.): swollen < angrþrútinn (adj.)
við ‘to’
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2. við (prep.): with, against
ganga ‘admitted’
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2. ganga (verb; geng, gekk, gengu, genginn): walk, go
það ‘that’
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þat (conj.): that
mann ‘a person’
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maðr (noun m.): man, person
notes
[7] tíðum (adv.) ‘frequently’: The ms. reading -tíðin (f. nom. sg.) ‘the time’ makes little sense (manntíðin ‘the man-time’). Skj B gives no translation (Finnur merely notes that the l. is incomprehensible). Kock emends to manntíðni (NN §1683) or mantíðni (NN §2865; so also Wrightson) which he translates as omtyckthet hos människorna ‘the reputation among men’ and en kvinnas omtyckthet ‘the reputation of a woman’ respectively. According to that interpretation, the cl. reads as follows: ‘that harms the reputation among men’ or ‘that harms the reputation of a woman’. However, a noun tíðni (f. dat. sg.?) ‘esteem’ is unattested. While it is certainly true that one would lose esteem by admitting to murder, it is more reasonable to assume that a person will be harmed by readily confessing to an accusation. In this case, the admission of the woman leads to the subsequent charges of murder and the punishment of being burned alive. For the use of the acc. case with meina ‘harm’, see NS §102 d, Anm.
meinar ‘harms’
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1. meina (verb): harm
morð ‘murder’
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1. morð (noun n.; °-s; -): killing, battle
notes
[8] ór vígi er morð orðið ‘manslaughter has turned into murder’: Lit. ‘from manslaughter murder has come about’. This means that the killing had now been proven to be murder, i.e. a slaying that had been done in secret and concealed. In ON society murder was considered one of the most heinous crimes that a person could commit. For the legal distinction between víg ‘manslaughter’ and morð ‘murder’ see Grg Ia, 150-4; Dennis et. al. 1980-2000, I, 146-8. According to ON law, murder was punished with full outlawry, not by being burned alive.
er ‘has’
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2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
notes
[8] ór vígi er morð orðið ‘manslaughter has turned into murder’: Lit. ‘from manslaughter murder has come about’. This means that the killing had now been proven to be murder, i.e. a slaying that had been done in secret and concealed. In ON society murder was considered one of the most heinous crimes that a person could commit. For the legal distinction between víg ‘manslaughter’ and morð ‘murder’ see Grg Ia, 150-4; Dennis et. al. 1980-2000, I, 146-8. According to ON law, murder was punished with full outlawry, not by being burned alive.
ór ‘’
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3. ór (prep.): out of
notes
[8] ór vígi er morð orðið ‘manslaughter has turned into murder’: Lit. ‘from manslaughter murder has come about’. This means that the killing had now been proven to be murder, i.e. a slaying that had been done in secret and concealed. In ON society murder was considered one of the most heinous crimes that a person could commit. For the legal distinction between víg ‘manslaughter’ and morð ‘murder’ see Grg Ia, 150-4; Dennis et. al. 1980-2000, I, 146-8. According to ON law, murder was punished with full outlawry, not by being burned alive.
vígi ‘manslaughter’
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vígi (noun n.; °-s; -): manslaughter, killing
notes
[8] ór vígi er morð orðið ‘manslaughter has turned into murder’: Lit. ‘from manslaughter murder has come about’. This means that the killing had now been proven to be murder, i.e. a slaying that had been done in secret and concealed. In ON society murder was considered one of the most heinous crimes that a person could commit. For the legal distinction between víg ‘manslaughter’ and morð ‘murder’ see Grg Ia, 150-4; Dennis et. al. 1980-2000, I, 146-8. According to ON law, murder was punished with full outlawry, not by being burned alive.
orðið ‘’
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1. verða (verb): become, be
notes
[8] ór vígi er morð orðið ‘manslaughter has turned into murder’: Lit. ‘from manslaughter murder has come about’. This means that the killing had now been proven to be murder, i.e. a slaying that had been done in secret and concealed. In ON society murder was considered one of the most heinous crimes that a person could commit. For the legal distinction between víg ‘manslaughter’ and morð ‘murder’ see Grg Ia, 150-4; Dennis et. al. 1980-2000, I, 146-8. According to ON law, murder was punished with full outlawry, not by being burned alive.
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