Anon Mgr 43VII
Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2007, ‘Anonymous Poems, Drápa af Máríugrát 43’ in Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.), Poetry on Christian Subjects. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 7. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 789.
Fystan ‘As the first’
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fyrstr (num. ordinal): first
tel ‘count’
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telja (verb): tell, count
eg ‘I’
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ek (pron.; °mín, dat. mér, acc. mik): I, me
fögnuð ‘joy’
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fǫgnuðr (noun m.; °fagnaðar; fagnaðir): joy
hæstan ‘highest’
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hœgri (adj. comp.): higher, highest
fann ‘visited’
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2. finna (verb): find, meet
eingill ‘the angel’
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1. engill (noun m.; °engils; englar): angel
mig ‘me’
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ek (pron.; °mín, dat. mér, acc. mik): I, me
sólar ‘of the sun’
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sól (noun f.; °-ar, dat. -u/-; -ir): sun
kennings
þeingils sólar‘of the lord of the sun ’
= God
the lord of the sun → God
þeingils ‘of the lord’
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þengill (noun m.): prince, ruler
kennings
þeingils sólar‘of the lord of the sun ’
= God
the lord of the sun → God
hann ‘he’
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hann (pron.; °gen. hans, dat. honum; f. hon, gen. hennar, acc. hana): he, she, it, they, them...
sendi ‘sent’
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senda (verb): send
mier ‘me’
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ek (pron.; °mín, dat. mér, acc. mik): I, me
helgan ‘Holy’
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heilagr (adj.; °helgan; compar. -ari, superl. -astr): holy, sacred
anda ‘Spirit’
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andi (noun m.; °-a; -ar): spirit, soul
háleitan ‘the sublime’
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háleitr (adj.): glorious, sublime
með ‘with’
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með (prep.): with
gleði ‘joy’
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gleði (noun f.): joy
og ‘and’
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3. ok (conj.): and, but; also
teiti ‘cheer’
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teiti (noun f.): cheerfulness
Glöddumz ‘became glad’
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gleðja (verb): gladden, rejoice
eg ‘I’
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ek (pron.; °mín, dat. mér, acc. mik): I, me
þá ‘’
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2. þá (adv.): then
er ‘when’
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2. er (conj.): who, which, when
skaparinn ‘the creator’
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skapari (noun m.; °-a): (the) creator
kennings
skaparinn skýfoldar‘the creator of the cloud-land ’
= God
the cloud-land → SKY/HEAVEN
the creator of the SKY/HEAVEN → God
skrýddi ‘adorned’
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2. skrýða (verb): adorn, clothe
ský ‘of the cloud’
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ský (noun n.; °-s; -): cloud < skýfold (noun f.)
kennings
skaparinn skýfoldar‘the creator of the cloud-land ’
= God
the cloud-land → SKY/HEAVEN
the creator of the SKY/HEAVEN → God
ský ‘of the cloud’
(not checked:)
ský (noun n.; °-s; -): cloud < skýfold (noun f.)
kennings
skaparinn skýfoldar‘the creator of the cloud-land ’
= God
the cloud-land → SKY/HEAVEN
the creator of the SKY/HEAVEN → God
foldar ‘land’
(not checked:)
fold (noun f.): land < skýfold (noun f.)
kennings
skaparinn skýfoldar‘the creator of the cloud-land ’
= God
the cloud-land → SKY/HEAVEN
the creator of the SKY/HEAVEN → God
foldar ‘land’
(not checked:)
fold (noun f.): land < skýfold (noun f.)
kennings
skaparinn skýfoldar‘the creator of the cloud-land ’
= God
the cloud-land → SKY/HEAVEN
the creator of the SKY/HEAVEN → God
sig ‘himself’
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sik (pron.; °gen. sín, dat. sér): (refl. pron.)
mínu ‘in my’
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minn (pron.; °f. mín, n. mitt): my
holdi ‘flesh’
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hold (noun n.; °-s; -): flesh
meistari ‘the master’
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meistari (noun m.; °-a; -ar): master
kennings
meistari alls‘the master of the universe ’
= God
the master of the universe → God
alls ‘of the universe’
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allr (adj.): all
kennings
meistari alls‘the master of the universe ’
= God
the master of the universe → God
notes
[7] alls ‘of the universe’: For this meaning of allr lit. ‘everything’, see LP: allr 2.
fyrir ‘beneath’
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fyrir (prep.): for, before, because of
notes
[7] fyrir ‘below’: For this meaning of the prep., see Fritzner: fyrir 4. — [7] fyrir mínu brjósti ‘below my breast’: I.e. ‘in my womb’.
fyrir ‘beneath’
(not checked:)
fyrir (prep.): for, before, because of
notes
[7] fyrir ‘below’: For this meaning of the prep., see Fritzner: fyrir 4. — [7] fyrir mínu brjósti ‘below my breast’: I.e. ‘in my womb’.
mínu ‘my’
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minn (pron.; °f. mín, n. mitt): my
notes
[7] fyrir mínu brjósti ‘below my breast’: I.e. ‘in my womb’.
brjósti ‘breast’
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brjóst (noun n.; °-s; -): breast, chest
notes
[7] fyrir mínu brjósti ‘below my breast’: I.e. ‘in my womb’.
mær ‘the Virgin’
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mær (noun f.; °meyjar, dat. meyju; meyjar): maiden
var ‘was’
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2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
eg ‘I’
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ek (pron.; °mín, dat. mér, acc. mik): I, me
guðs ‘of God’
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1. guð (noun m.; °***guðrs, guðis, gus): (Christian) God
svá ‘so’
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svá (adv.): so, thus
að ‘that’
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4. at (conj.): that
hvern ‘each’
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2. hverr (pron.): who, whom, each, every
dag ‘day’
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dagr (noun m.; °-s, dat. degi/dag/dagi(Thom¹ 332¹n.); -ar): day
notes
[8] bærðiz ‘[he] stirred, moved’: An emendation proposed by Finnur Jónsson (Skj B) for 713’s hræddumz ‘I feared’, which leaves the l. without internal rhyme and with an illicit double h- alliteration. Bærðiz is taken with meistari alls ‘the master of the universe’ (l. 7). Skald supplies hrærðumz ‘I moved’, implying that Mary felt the motion of the unborn child (see NN §2694; Sperber 1911, 76).
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
‘As the first I count that highest joy; the angel of the lord of the sun [= God] visited me; he sent me the sublime Holy Spirit with joy and cheer. I became glad, when the creator of the cloud-land [SKY/HEAVEN > = God (= Christ)] adorned himself in my flesh, so that the master of the universe [= God (= Christ)] stirred each day beneath my breast; I was the Virgin of God.
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