Hjálm Lv 7VIII (Ǫrv 17)
Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.) 2017, ‘Ǫrvar-Odds saga 17 (Hjálmarr inn hugumstóri, Lausavísur 7)’ in Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.), Poetry in fornaldarsögur. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 8. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 831.
Hvarf ‘went’
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1. hverfa (verb): turn, disappear
[1] Hvarf ek frá hvítri: ‘Leidder enn hrita’ R715ˣ, ‘Heidi en huita’ 344a, Leiddi mik en hvíta 343a, 471, beiddi mik en hvíta 173ˣ
ek ‘I’
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ek (pron.; °mín, dat. mér, acc. mik): I, me
[1] Hvarf ek frá hvítri: ‘Leidder enn hrita’ R715ˣ, ‘Heidi en huita’ 344a, Leiddi mik en hvíta 343a, 471, beiddi mik en hvíta 173ˣ
frá ‘away from’
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frá (prep.): from
[1] Hvarf ek frá hvítri: ‘Leidder enn hrita’ R715ˣ, ‘Heidi en huita’ 344a, Leiddi mik en hvíta 343a, 471, beiddi mik en hvíta 173ˣ
hvítri ‘the white’
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hvítr (adj.; °-an; -ari, -astr): white
[1] Hvarf ek frá hvítri: ‘Leidder enn hrita’ R715ˣ, ‘Heidi en huita’ 344a, Leiddi mik en hvíta 343a, 471, beiddi mik en hvíta 173ˣ
kennings
hvítri bið-Gunni hlaðs‘the white waiting-Gunnr <valkyrie> of lace-work ’
= WOMAN
the white waiting-Gunnr <valkyrie> of lace-work → WOMAN
hlaðs ‘of lace-work’
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hlað (noun n.; °-s; *-): headband
[2] hlaðs bið‑Gunni: ‘hlads bed gungi’ 2845, hilmis dóttir R715ˣ, 344a, 343a, 471, 173ˣ
kennings
hvítri bið-Gunni hlaðs‘the white waiting-Gunnr <valkyrie> of lace-work ’
= WOMAN
the white waiting-Gunnr <valkyrie> of lace-work → WOMAN
bið ‘waiting’
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2. bið (noun n.; °; -): [waiting] < beðgunnr (noun f.)
[2] hlaðs bið‑Gunni: ‘hlads bed gungi’ 2845, hilmis dóttir R715ˣ, 344a, 343a, 471, 173ˣ
kennings
hvítri bið-Gunni hlaðs‘the white waiting-Gunnr <valkyrie> of lace-work ’
= WOMAN
the white waiting-Gunnr <valkyrie> of lace-work → WOMAN
Gunni ‘Gunnr <valkyrie>’
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Gunnr (noun f.): Gunnr < beðgunnr (noun f.)
[2] hlaðs bið‑Gunni: ‘hlads bed gungi’ 2845, hilmis dóttir R715ˣ, 344a, 343a, 471, 173ˣ
kennings
hvítri bið-Gunni hlaðs‘the white waiting-Gunnr <valkyrie> of lace-work ’
= WOMAN
the white waiting-Gunnr <valkyrie> of lace-work → WOMAN
á ‘on’
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3. á (prep.): on, at
notes
[3-4] á útanverðri Agnafit ‘on the outer part of Agnafit’: The p. n. Agnafit appears only here in poetry. It refers to the flat, low-lying stretch of coast along the mouth of Lake Mälaren, near the site of modern Stockholm. Snorri Sturluson in Yng (ÍF 26, 38) derives the name from that of the Swedish king Agni, whom Snorri, following Þjóð Yt 9I, records as having been strangled with a necklace by his wife Skjálf and later burnt at Agnafit. In the 2845 version of this stanza, the adj. útanverðr ‘outward, outer part of’ is f. dat. sg. (dat. of place), whereas in the Ǫrv versions it is ‑verða, f. acc. sg. (of motion) after leiddi ‘[she] led [me] to the outer part of Agnafit’.
Agnafit ‘of Agnafit’
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Agnafit (noun f.)
[3] Agnafit: so R715ˣ, 343a, 471, 173ˣ, ‘agnna fit’ corrected from ‘agaa fit’ 2845, ‘agdna fit’ 344a
notes
[3-4] á útanverðri Agnafit ‘on the outer part of Agnafit’: The p. n. Agnafit appears only here in poetry. It refers to the flat, low-lying stretch of coast along the mouth of Lake Mälaren, near the site of modern Stockholm. Snorri Sturluson in Yng (ÍF 26, 38) derives the name from that of the Swedish king Agni, whom Snorri, following Þjóð Yt 9I, records as having been strangled with a necklace by his wife Skjálf and later burnt at Agnafit. In the 2845 version of this stanza, the adj. útanverðr ‘outward, outer part of’ is f. dat. sg. (dat. of place), whereas in the Ǫrv versions it is ‑verða, f. acc. sg. (of motion) after leiddi ‘[she] led [me] to the outer part of Agnafit’.
útanverðri ‘the outer part’
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útanverðr (adj.)
[4] útanverðri: útanverðs R715ˣ, útanverða 344a, 343a, 471, 173ˣ
notes
[3-4] á útanverðri Agnafit ‘on the outer part of Agnafit’: The p. n. Agnafit appears only here in poetry. It refers to the flat, low-lying stretch of coast along the mouth of Lake Mälaren, near the site of modern Stockholm. Snorri Sturluson in Yng (ÍF 26, 38) derives the name from that of the Swedish king Agni, whom Snorri, following Þjóð Yt 9I, records as having been strangled with a necklace by his wife Skjálf and later burnt at Agnafit. In the 2845 version of this stanza, the adj. útanverðr ‘outward, outer part of’ is f. dat. sg. (dat. of place), whereas in the Ǫrv versions it is ‑verða, f. acc. sg. (of motion) after leiddi ‘[she] led [me] to the outer part of Agnafit’.
Saga ‘The saying’
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1. saga (noun f.; °*-u; *-ur): story, saga
mun ‘will’
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munu (verb): will, must
sannaz ‘come true’
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2. sanna (verb): prove
sú ‘that’
[6] sú: om. 344a
er ‘to’
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2. er (conj.): who, which, when
hon ‘she’
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hann (pron.; °gen. hans, dat. honum; f. hon, gen. hennar, acc. hana): he, she, it, they, them...
sagði ‘told’
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segja (verb): say, tell
mér ‘me’
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ek (pron.; °mín, dat. mér, acc. mik): I, me
at ‘that’
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4. at (conj.): that
[7, 8] at aptr koma eigi mundak: at ek mundi koma aptr eigi R715ˣ, at ek aptr koma eigi munda ek 344a, at ek aptr koma eigi mundi 343a, at aptr koma ei munda ek 173ˣ
aptr ‘come’
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aptr (adv.; °compar. -ar): back
[7, 8] at aptr koma eigi mundak: at ek mundi koma aptr eigi R715ˣ, at ek aptr koma eigi munda ek 344a, at ek aptr koma eigi mundi 343a, at aptr koma ei munda ek 173ˣ
koma ‘back’
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koma (verb; kem, kom/kvam, kominn): come
[7, 8] at aptr koma eigi mundak: at ek mundi koma aptr eigi R715ˣ, at ek aptr koma eigi munda ek 344a, at ek aptr koma eigi mundi 343a, at aptr koma ei munda ek 173ˣ
eigi ‘not’
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3. eigi (adv.): not
[7, 8] at aptr koma eigi mundak: at ek mundi koma aptr eigi R715ˣ, at ek aptr koma eigi munda ek 344a, at ek aptr koma eigi mundi 343a, at aptr koma ei munda ek 173ˣ
mundak ‘I would’
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1. muna (verb): remember
[7, 8] at aptr koma eigi mundak: at ek mundi koma aptr eigi R715ˣ, at ek aptr koma eigi munda ek 344a, at ek aptr koma eigi mundi 343a, at aptr koma ei munda ek 173ˣ
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In both the Heiðr mss 2845 and R715ˣ, this stanza follows from Ǫrv 16 without intervening prose. In the Ǫrv mss, it follows Hjálmarr Lv 11 (Ǫrv 21) and Lv 9 (Ǫrv 19), without any prose intervention between these stanzas.
In this stanza the first couplet of 2845’s text differs from all the others, as R715ˣ and the Ǫrv mss share the same text, though it is garbled in parts. The majority version reads: Leiddi mik en hvíta | hilmis dóttir … ‘The ruler’s white daughter led me …’, the reference presumably being to the Swedish king’s daughter, Ingibjǫrg, who is mentioned in Ǫrv 18/4. In spite of its minority status, 2845’s version of the first couplet is probably an authentic variant, although it is necessary to emend two letters in bið-Gunni ‘waiting-Gunnr <valkyrie> [WOMAN]’ to produce an acceptable woman-kenning; cf. bið- as a characterising verbal element in, e.g. Hfr Hákdr 5/4III biðkvǫn Þriðja ‘the waiting wife of Þriði <= Óðinn> [= Jǫrð (jǫrð ‘earth’)]’. It is true that this is the only kenning in Hjálmarr’s death-song, but there is no reason to reject it, as kennings occur from time to time in the poetry in this saga and in other fornaldarsögur.
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