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Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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Anon Mdr 43VII

Katrina Attwood (ed.) 2007, ‘Anonymous Poems, Máríudrápa 43’ in Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.), Poetry on Christian Subjects. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 7. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 514.

Anonymous PoemsMáríudrápa
4243

vertu ‘to you’

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2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am

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gief ‘grant’

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gefa (verb): give

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‘to’

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5. at (nota): to (with infinitive)

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sra ‘expound’

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1. skýra (verb): explain, interpret

[2] sra: ‘s[...]ra’ B, ‘sḳỵṛa’ 399a‑bˣ

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ljós ‘the light’

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ljós (noun n.; °ljóss; -): light

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vil ‘want’

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vilja (verb): want, intend

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frelsi ‘for freedom’

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frelsi (noun n.): freedom

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fýsaz ‘to be eager’

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fýsa (verb): desire, encourage

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friðar ‘of peace’

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friðr (noun m.): peace

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skal ‘will’

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skulu (verb): shall, should, must

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Sæll ‘blessed’

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sæll (adj.): happy, blessed

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laði ‘lead’

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laða (verb): invite

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oss ‘us [me]’

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vér (pron.; °gen. vár, dat./acc. oss): we, us, our

[5] oss: so 399a‑bˣ, BRydberg, BFJ, ‘o[...]s’ B

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og ‘and’

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3. ok (conj.): and, but; also

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alla ‘everyone’

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allr (adj.): all

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ótt ‘fear’

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ótti (noun m.; °-a): fear < óttlauss (adj.): fearless

notes

[6] óttlaust með sier dróttinn: Cf. Has 32/4 and 36/7; Líkn 52/6. Almost identical ll. occur three times in Leið, always in sts describing the peace of heaven, where the saved will live óttalaus með dróttni ‘fearless with the Lord’, either as a result of their own prayers (40/6), or of Christ’s intervention at the Last Judgement (41/8). The first refrain in Leið, which describes the praise of angels and men, contains the l. óttlaust ok lið dróttni (13/6).

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laust ‘without’

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lauss (adj.; °compar. lausari): loose, free, without < óttlauss (adj.): fearless

notes

[6] óttlaust með sier dróttinn: Cf. Has 32/4 and 36/7; Líkn 52/6. Almost identical ll. occur three times in Leið, always in sts describing the peace of heaven, where the saved will live óttalaus með dróttni ‘fearless with the Lord’, either as a result of their own prayers (40/6), or of Christ’s intervention at the Last Judgement (41/8). The first refrain in Leið, which describes the praise of angels and men, contains the l. óttlaust ok lið dróttni (13/6).

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með ‘with’

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með (prep.): with

notes

[6] óttlaust með sier dróttinn: Cf. Has 32/4 and 36/7; Líkn 52/6. Almost identical ll. occur three times in Leið, always in sts describing the peace of heaven, where the saved will live óttalaus með dróttni ‘fearless with the Lord’, either as a result of their own prayers (40/6), or of Christ’s intervention at the Last Judgement (41/8). The first refrain in Leið, which describes the praise of angels and men, contains the l. óttlaust ok lið dróttni (13/6).

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sier ‘him’

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sik (pron.; °gen. sín, dat. sér): (refl. pron.)

notes

[6] óttlaust með sier dróttinn: Cf. Has 32/4 and 36/7; Líkn 52/6. Almost identical ll. occur three times in Leið, always in sts describing the peace of heaven, where the saved will live óttalaus með dróttni ‘fearless with the Lord’, either as a result of their own prayers (40/6), or of Christ’s intervention at the Last Judgement (41/8). The first refrain in Leið, which describes the praise of angels and men, contains the l. óttlaust ok lið dróttni (13/6).

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dróttinn ‘Lord’

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dróttinn (noun m.; °dróttins, dat. dróttni (drottini [$1049$]); dróttnar): lord, master

notes

[6] óttlaust með sier dróttinn: Cf. Has 32/4 and 36/7; Líkn 52/6. Almost identical ll. occur three times in Leið, always in sts describing the peace of heaven, where the saved will live óttalaus með dróttni ‘fearless with the Lord’, either as a result of their own prayers (40/6), or of Christ’s intervention at the Last Judgement (41/8). The first refrain in Leið, which describes the praise of angels and men, contains the l. óttlaust ok lið dróttni (13/6).

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Krist* ‘Christ’

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Kristr (noun m.; °-s/-, dat. -i; -ar): Christ

[7] Krist*: ‘k[...]stz’ B, ‘kristz’ 399a‑bˣ

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lofi ‘praise’

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lofa (verb): praise, permit

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herr ‘the host’

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herr (noun m.; °-s/-jar, dat. -; -jar, gen. -ja/herra): army, host

kennings

herr fira
‘the host of men ’
   = MANKIND

the host of men → MANKIND
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í ‘into’

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í (prep.): in, into

[7] í: ‘[...]s’ B, ‘ẹṇṣ’ 399a‑bˣ, ‘(æ)[...]s’(?) BRydberg, ‘[...]’ BFJ

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fira ‘of men’

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firar (noun m.): men

kennings

herr fira
‘the host of men ’
   = MANKIND

the host of men → MANKIND
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skírða ‘purified’

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skíra (verb): baptise, purify

[8] skírða: so 399a‑bˣ, ‘sk[...]’ B, BFJ, ‘(skirða)’(?) BRydberg

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Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses

The second helmingr of Mdr 43 recalls Gamlkan’s account of the Last Judgement in Has 36/5-8. — [7-8]: There have been several suggestions for interpreting the last couplet. Rydberg appears to take skírða (m. acc. pl.) in the ecclesiastical sense of ‘baptised’, qualifying fira ‘men’ and construes dróttinn sæll laði oss ok alla skírða fira með sér ‘may the blessed Lord lead us [me] and all baptised men with him’. The remainder of the helmingr is treated as an intercalated phrase Krists ens hæsta herr lofi hirðvist ‘may the army of the highest Christ praise [its] court lodging’. Rydberg’s reading has the merit of preserving the ms. readings Krists and ens (l. 7), although there is considerable syntactic fragmentation. Finnur Jónsson (Skj B) emends to Krist* acc. sg. in l. 7, and to í ‘in’ for ens and takes hirðvist f. acc. sing. in its usual sense of ‘court lodging, place where an army is quartered’, qualified by hæsta ‘highest’ and skírða ‘purified, cleansed’. The intercalated phrase is herr fira lofi Krist* ‘may the host of men praise Christ’. This reading has been followed here. Kock (NN §1662) and Skald reads an intercalary krist* lofi herr! in l. 7 and emends skírða in l. 8 to skírðra to give í hæsta hirðvist fira skírðra ‘into the highest court lodging of baptised men’.

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