Hǫrðr Lv 1VIII (HjǪ 22)
Richard L. Harris (ed.) 2017, ‘Hjálmþés saga ok Ǫlvis 22 (Hǫrðr/Hringr, Lausavísur 1)’ in Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.), Poetry in fornaldarsögur. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 8. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 515.
Hver ‘Who’
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2. hverr (pron.): who, whom, each, every
ertu ‘are you’
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2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
þrifnust ‘most prosperous’
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þrifinn (adj.)
fljóða ‘of women’
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fljóð (noun n.): woman
hýr ‘of cheerful’
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2. hýrr (adj.): cheerful, mild, glad < hýrlundaðr (adj./verb p.p.)
lunduð ‘disposition’
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lundaðr (adj./verb p.p.): minded < hýrlundaðr (adj./verb p.p.)
með ‘with ’
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með (prep.): with
[3, 4] með kinn ok fagra lokka: so ÍBR5ˣ, með kinnfagra lokka 109a IIIˣ, með kinn fagra locka with ‘ok ljósgult fr[…]’ written above the line in another hand papp6ˣ
kinn ‘cheek’
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kinn (noun f.; °dat. -/-u; kinnr/kiðr): cheek
[3, 4] með kinn ok fagra lokka: so ÍBR5ˣ, með kinnfagra lokka 109a IIIˣ, með kinn fagra locka with ‘ok ljósgult fr[…]’ written above the line in another hand papp6ˣ
ok ‘and’
(not checked:)
3. ok (conj.): and, but; also
[3, 4] með kinn ok fagra lokka: so ÍBR5ˣ, með kinnfagra lokka 109a IIIˣ, með kinn fagra locka with ‘ok ljósgult fr[…]’ written above the line in another hand papp6ˣ
fagra ‘fair’
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fagr (adj.; °fagran; compar. fegri, superl. fegrstr): fair, beautiful
[3, 4] með kinn ok fagra lokka: so ÍBR5ˣ, með kinnfagra lokka 109a IIIˣ, með kinn fagra locka with ‘ok ljósgult fr[…]’ written above the line in another hand papp6ˣ
lokka ‘locks’
(not checked:)
lokkr (noun m.; °-s; -ar): [locks]
[3, 4] með kinn ok fagra lokka: so ÍBR5ˣ, með kinnfagra lokka 109a IIIˣ, með kinn fagra locka with ‘ok ljósgult fr[…]’ written above the line in another hand papp6ˣ
vífa ‘woman’
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víf (noun n.): woman, wife
ek ‘I’
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ek (pron.; °mín, dat. mér, acc. mik): I, me
hæverskligra ‘more courteous’
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hœverskligr (adj.)
fyr ‘up’
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fyr (prep.): for, over, because of, etc.
[7] fyr jörð ofan: ‘fæþt við foldar þröm’ corrected from fyr jörð ofan above the line in another hand papp6ˣ
notes
[7] fyr ofan jörð ‘upon the earth’: The line is unmetrical. It is not clear whether the stanza as a whole should be considered an attempt at ljóðaháttr or a fornyrðislag stanza that is missing its final line. Most previous eds have adopted a version of the line added to papp6ˣ, fædt við foldar þröm ‘born at the edge of the earth’ instead of what all mss have at this point. The origin of papp6ˣ’s addition cannot be confirmed and is suspiciously similar to Hyndl’s claim that the god Heimdallr was borinn … við iarðar þrǫm ‘born … at the edge of the earth’ (Hyndl 35/1, 8 (NK 294); cf. Þjóð Yt 26/10I). The last three lines of this stanza are very similar to lines at the end of HjǪ 11/5-7 and 12/5-7.
jörð ‘the earth’
(not checked:)
jǫrð (noun f.; °jarðar, dat. -u; jarðir/jarðar(DN I (1367) 304)): ground, earth
[7] fyr jörð ofan: ‘fæþt við foldar þröm’ corrected from fyr jörð ofan above the line in another hand papp6ˣ
notes
[7] fyr ofan jörð ‘upon the earth’: The line is unmetrical. It is not clear whether the stanza as a whole should be considered an attempt at ljóðaháttr or a fornyrðislag stanza that is missing its final line. Most previous eds have adopted a version of the line added to papp6ˣ, fædt við foldar þröm ‘born at the edge of the earth’ instead of what all mss have at this point. The origin of papp6ˣ’s addition cannot be confirmed and is suspiciously similar to Hyndl’s claim that the god Heimdallr was borinn … við iarðar þrǫm ‘born … at the edge of the earth’ (Hyndl 35/1, 8 (NK 294); cf. Þjóð Yt 26/10I). The last three lines of this stanza are very similar to lines at the end of HjǪ 11/5-7 and 12/5-7.
ofan ‘on’
(not checked:)
ofan (adv.): down
[7] fyr jörð ofan: ‘fæþt við foldar þröm’ corrected from fyr jörð ofan above the line in another hand papp6ˣ
notes
[7] fyr ofan jörð ‘upon the earth’: The line is unmetrical. It is not clear whether the stanza as a whole should be considered an attempt at ljóðaháttr or a fornyrðislag stanza that is missing its final line. Most previous eds have adopted a version of the line added to papp6ˣ, fædt við foldar þröm ‘born at the edge of the earth’ instead of what all mss have at this point. The origin of papp6ˣ’s addition cannot be confirmed and is suspiciously similar to Hyndl’s claim that the god Heimdallr was borinn … við iarðar þrǫm ‘born … at the edge of the earth’ (Hyndl 35/1, 8 (NK 294); cf. Þjóð Yt 26/10I). The last three lines of this stanza are very similar to lines at the end of HjǪ 11/5-7 and 12/5-7.
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
King Hringr, who has been transformed by enchantment into Hǫrðr the swineherd, asks a beautiful lady sitting by a tower to tell them her name.
The ms. transmission of this stanza is defective on several grounds, metrical, alliterative and semantic, and most eds have made up for it by (a) resort to the later additions to papp6ˣ and (b) by fairly drastic emendation of their own. Thus most eds have deleted þrifnust fljóða ‘most prosperous of women’ (l. 2), though it occurs in all mss, and inserted papp6ˣ’s additions where the stanza is most aberrant. At issue here is, firstly, the status of the additions to papp6ˣ, discussed in the Introduction above, and the editorial practice of relying on major unwitnessed emendation, towards both of which this edn takes a reasonably conservative attitude. Skj B effectively rewrites the stanza to Finnur Jónsson’s own design, while NN §2617 offers meditations upon alternative changes to the text without coming to any conclusion and NN §3296C presents an improved but radically emended form of the stanza, which is reproduced in Skald. — [2-3]: These lines are unmetrical and do not alliterate, nor is the sense of með kinn ‘with cheek’ (l. 3) very satisfactory. Emendations here from HjǪ 1720 onwards have usually involved the deletion and/or rearrangement of some words of the mss and the incorporation of papp6ˣ’s added line ok ljósgult frón lokka ‘and the shining golden land of locks [HEAD]’ in one form or another.
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