Humli Lv 2VIII (Heiðr 101)
Hannah Burrows (ed.) 2017, ‘Hervarar saga ok Heiðreks 101 (Humli konungr, Lausavísur 2)’ in Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.), Poetry in fornaldarsögur. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 8. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 473.
Vel ‘well’
(not checked:)
velja (verb): choose
þér ‘for you’
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þú (pron.; °gen. þín, dat. þér, acc. þik): you
Hlöðr ‘Hlǫðr’
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Hlǫðr (noun m.): Hlǫðr
herlið ‘the war-troop’
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herlið (noun n.): [a war-host, troop]
ok ‘and’
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3. ok (conj.): and, but; also
heyja ‘wage’
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2. heyja (verb): fight, wage (battle)
með ‘with’
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með (prep.): with
notes
[5] með tólfvetra mengi ‘with a multitude of twelve-year-olds’: Both mss indicate the word gömlu ‘old’ after tólfvetra (lit. ‘of twelve years’), but this has been deleted by means of underlining in 203ˣ. It makes an already hypermetrical line more so and is not required for sense.
tólf ‘twelve’
(not checked:)
tolf (num. cardinal): twelve < tolfvetra (adj.)
notes
[5] með tólfvetra mengi ‘with a multitude of twelve-year-olds’: Both mss indicate the word gömlu ‘old’ after tólfvetra (lit. ‘of twelve years’), but this has been deleted by means of underlining in 203ˣ. It makes an already hypermetrical line more so and is not required for sense.
vetra ‘year-olds’
(not checked:)
vetr (noun m.; °vetrar/vetrs(HómHauksb³ 173²³), dat. vetri; vetr): winter < tolfvetra (adj.)
[5] ‑vetra: vetra corrected from vetra gömlu with gömlu underlined 203ˣ, ‘var goml’ R715ˣ
notes
[5] með tólfvetra mengi ‘with a multitude of twelve-year-olds’: Both mss indicate the word gömlu ‘old’ after tólfvetra (lit. ‘of twelve years’), but this has been deleted by means of underlining in 203ˣ. It makes an already hypermetrical line more so and is not required for sense.
mengi ‘a multitude’
(not checked:)
mengi (noun n.): multitude, crowd
[5] mengi: ‘mein̄ge’ 203ˣ, ‘m̄n̄gi’ R715ˣ
notes
[5] með tólfvetra mengi ‘with a multitude of twelve-year-olds’: Both mss indicate the word gömlu ‘old’ after tólfvetra (lit. ‘of twelve years’), but this has been deleted by means of underlining in 203ˣ. It makes an already hypermetrical line more so and is not required for sense.
ok ‘and’
(not checked:)
3. ok (conj.): and, but; also
notes
[6] ok [með] tvævetrum [mengi] fola ‘and [with] a two-year-old [multitude] of foals’: The syntax of this line depends on understanding the noun mengi ‘multitude’ (dat.) from l. 5, here, however, qualified by the adj. tvævetrum ‘two-year-old’ (also dat.), with both tólfvetra ‘of twelve-year-olds’ and fola ‘of foals’ in the gen. pl.
tvævetrum ‘a two-year-old’
(not checked:)
tvívetr (adj.): [two-year-old]
notes
[6] ok [með] tvævetrum [mengi] fola ‘and [with] a two-year-old [multitude] of foals’: The syntax of this line depends on understanding the noun mengi ‘multitude’ (dat.) from l. 5, here, however, qualified by the adj. tvævetrum ‘two-year-old’ (also dat.), with both tólfvetra ‘of twelve-year-olds’ and fola ‘of foals’ in the gen. pl.
fola ‘of foals’
(not checked:)
foli (noun m.)
notes
[6] ok [með] tvævetrum [mengi] fola ‘and [with] a two-year-old [multitude] of foals’: The syntax of this line depends on understanding the noun mengi ‘multitude’ (dat.) from l. 5, here, however, qualified by the adj. tvævetrum ‘two-year-old’ (also dat.), with both tólfvetra ‘of twelve-year-olds’ and fola ‘of foals’ in the gen. pl.
Svá ‘Thus’
(not checked:)
svá (adv.): so, thus
skal ‘shall’
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skulu (verb): shall, should, must
her ‘the army’
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herr (noun m.; °-s/-jar, dat. -; -jar, gen. -ja/herra): army, host
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[3-4]: Previous eds have made various conjectural attempts at alliteration across these lines. Jón Helgason (1967, 232) highlights some other examples of this alliterative pattern in fornyrðislag, but only from later poetry. — [5-6]: The implication is that absolutely all resources will be drawn on, with warriors and horses utilised from the youngest possible age. Foote and Wilson (1980, 116) suggest ‘there are some signs that in an earlier period [than extant written laws] boys of twelve were accepted as full-grown members of society’.
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