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Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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Hróksv Hrkv 11VIII (Hálf 61)

Hubert Seelow (ed.) 2017, ‘Hálfs saga ok Hálfsrekka 61 (Hrókr inn svarti, Hrókskviða 11)’ in Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.), Poetry in fornaldarsögur. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 8. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 352.

Hrókr inn svartiHrókskviða
101112

Höfðum ‘had’

(not checked:)
hafa (verb): have

notes

[1-2] vér höfðum allir inn efra hlut ‘we all had the better share’: That is, ‘we all gained victory’.

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vér ‘We’

(not checked:)
vér (pron.; °gen. vár, dat./acc. oss): we, us, our

notes

[1-2] vér höfðum allir inn efra hlut ‘we all had the better share’: That is, ‘we all gained victory’.

Close

allir ‘all’

(not checked:)
allr (adj.): all

notes

[1-2] vér höfðum allir inn efra hlut ‘we all had the better share’: That is, ‘we all gained victory’.

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inn ‘the’

(not checked:)
2. inn (art.): the

notes

[1-2] vér höfðum allir inn efra hlut ‘we all had the better share’: That is, ‘we all gained victory’.

Close

efra ‘better’

(not checked:)
efri (adj. comp.; °superl. efstr/øfstr (eft- [$1653$] 13r²³, etc.)): higher, highest

notes

[1-2] vér höfðum allir inn efra hlut ‘we all had the better share’: That is, ‘we all gained victory’.

Close

hlut ‘share’

(not checked:)
hlutr (noun m.; °-ar, dat. -i/-; -ir, acc. -i/-u): part, thing

notes

[1-2] vér höfðum allir inn efra hlut ‘we all had the better share’: That is, ‘we all gained victory’.

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hvar ‘wherever’

(not checked:)
hvar (adv.): where

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sem ‘’

(not checked:)
sem (conj.): as, which

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Hildar ‘of Hildr

(not checked:)
2. Hildr (noun f.): Hildr

kennings

… Hildar
‘… of Hildr
   = BATTLE

… of Hildr → BATTLE
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‘…’

(not checked:)
(non-lexical)

kennings

… Hildar
‘… of Hildr
   = BATTLE

… of Hildr → BATTLE
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hlífar ‘shields’

(not checked:)
hlíf (noun f.; °-ar; -ar): shield, defence

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knúði ‘struck’

(not checked:)
knýja (verb): press forward, urge, drive

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vissa ‘knew’

(not checked:)
1. vita (verb): know

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gram ‘prince’

(not checked:)
1. gramr (noun m.): ruler

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Sigurð ‘Sigurðr’

(not checked:)
Sigurðr (noun m.): Sigurðr

notes

[7-8] Sigurð konung at sölum Gjúka ‘King Sigurðr at Gjúki’s halls’: A reference to the legend of Sigurðr Fáfnisbani ‘Slayer of Fáfnir’ and his stay at the court of King Gjúki, where he formed a bond of blood-brotherhood with Gjúki’s son Gunnarr and wooed his daughter Guðrún, as told in Vǫls and several poems of the Poetic Edda.

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konung ‘King’

(not checked:)
konungr (noun m.; °dat. -i, -s; -ar): king

notes

[7-8] Sigurð konung at sölum Gjúka ‘King Sigurðr at Gjúki’s halls’: A reference to the legend of Sigurðr Fáfnisbani ‘Slayer of Fáfnir’ and his stay at the court of King Gjúki, where he formed a bond of blood-brotherhood with Gjúki’s son Gunnarr and wooed his daughter Guðrún, as told in Vǫls and several poems of the Poetic Edda.

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at ‘at’

(not checked:)
3. at (prep.): at, to

notes

[7-8] Sigurð konung at sölum Gjúka ‘King Sigurðr at Gjúki’s halls’: A reference to the legend of Sigurðr Fáfnisbani ‘Slayer of Fáfnir’ and his stay at the court of King Gjúki, where he formed a bond of blood-brotherhood with Gjúki’s son Gunnarr and wooed his daughter Guðrún, as told in Vǫls and several poems of the Poetic Edda. — [8] at sölum Gjúka ‘at Gjúki’s halls’: Cf. Gríp 43/4 (NK 170) í sǫlom Giúca ‘in Gjúki’s halls’.

Close

at ‘at’

(not checked:)
3. at (prep.): at, to

notes

[7-8] Sigurð konung at sölum Gjúka ‘King Sigurðr at Gjúki’s halls’: A reference to the legend of Sigurðr Fáfnisbani ‘Slayer of Fáfnir’ and his stay at the court of King Gjúki, where he formed a bond of blood-brotherhood with Gjúki’s son Gunnarr and wooed his daughter Guðrún, as told in Vǫls and several poems of the Poetic Edda. — [8] at sölum Gjúka ‘at Gjúki’s halls’: Cf. Gríp 43/4 (NK 170) í sǫlom Giúca ‘in Gjúki’s halls’.

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sölum ‘halls’

(not checked:)
1. salr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -; dat. sǫlum): hall

notes

[7-8] Sigurð konung at sölum Gjúka ‘King Sigurðr at Gjúki’s halls’: A reference to the legend of Sigurðr Fáfnisbani ‘Slayer of Fáfnir’ and his stay at the court of King Gjúki, where he formed a bond of blood-brotherhood with Gjúki’s son Gunnarr and wooed his daughter Guðrún, as told in Vǫls and several poems of the Poetic Edda. — [8] at sölum Gjúka ‘at Gjúki’s halls’: Cf. Gríp 43/4 (NK 170) í sǫlom Giúca ‘in Gjúki’s halls’.

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sölum ‘halls’

(not checked:)
1. salr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -; dat. sǫlum): hall

notes

[7-8] Sigurð konung at sölum Gjúka ‘King Sigurðr at Gjúki’s halls’: A reference to the legend of Sigurðr Fáfnisbani ‘Slayer of Fáfnir’ and his stay at the court of King Gjúki, where he formed a bond of blood-brotherhood with Gjúki’s son Gunnarr and wooed his daughter Guðrún, as told in Vǫls and several poems of the Poetic Edda. — [8] at sölum Gjúka ‘at Gjúki’s halls’: Cf. Gríp 43/4 (NK 170) í sǫlom Giúca ‘in Gjúki’s halls’.

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Gjúka ‘Gjúki’s’

(not checked:)
Gjúki (noun m.): Gjúki

notes

[7-8] Sigurð konung at sölum Gjúka ‘King Sigurðr at Gjúki’s halls’: A reference to the legend of Sigurðr Fáfnisbani ‘Slayer of Fáfnir’ and his stay at the court of King Gjúki, where he formed a bond of blood-brotherhood with Gjúki’s son Gunnarr and wooed his daughter Guðrún, as told in Vǫls and several poems of the Poetic Edda. — [8] at sölum Gjúka ‘at Gjúki’s halls’: Cf. Gríp 43/4 (NK 170) í sǫlom Giúca ‘in Gjúki’s halls’.

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Gjúka ‘Gjúki’s’

(not checked:)
Gjúki (noun m.): Gjúki

notes

[7-8] Sigurð konung at sölum Gjúka ‘King Sigurðr at Gjúki’s halls’: A reference to the legend of Sigurðr Fáfnisbani ‘Slayer of Fáfnir’ and his stay at the court of King Gjúki, where he formed a bond of blood-brotherhood with Gjúki’s son Gunnarr and wooed his daughter Guðrún, as told in Vǫls and several poems of the Poetic Edda. — [8] at sölum Gjúka ‘at Gjúki’s halls’: Cf. Gríp 43/4 (NK 170) í sǫlom Giúca ‘in Gjúki’s halls’.

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Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses

[3-4]: The problem with these lines concerns the probable kenning that underlies them. Because hlíf (l. 4) itself means ‘shield’ it cannot be construed with Hildar (l. 3) to give a shield-kenning. Most eds have therefore supposed that another word, forming a kenning with Hildar ‘of Hildr’, must have dropped out of l. 3, even though there is no lacuna in the ms. The following suggestions have been made: Hálfr 1864: hvars Hildar él | Hálfr knúði (but this is unmetrical); Edd. Min.: hvar sem Hildar hlynr | hlífar knúði; Skj B: hvars Hildar él | hlífar knúði; Skald: hvar er Hildar hríð | hlífar knúði. The following kennings have been proposed: él Hildar ‘the storm of Hildr <valkyrie> [BATTLE]’; hlynr Hildar ‘the maple of Hildr <valkyrie> [WARRIOR]’ and hríð Hildar ‘the storm of Hildr <valkyrie> [BATTLE]’. A sword-kenning like ‘fire (eldr, bál) of Hildr’ is also a possibility.

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