Anon Mdr 23VII
Katrina Attwood (ed.) 2007, ‘Anonymous Poems, Máríudrápa 23’ in Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.), Poetry on Christian Subjects. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 7. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 497-8.
Heil ‘Hail’
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3. heill (adj.; °heilan; compar. heilli, superl. -astr/-str): healthy, hale, hail
sierðu ‘be to you’
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2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
mildra ‘of merciful’
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mildr (adj.; °compar. -ri/-ari, superl. -astr): mild, gentle, gracious, generous
notes
[1-2] mildust mildra meyja ‘most merciful of merciful maidens’: The 399a-bˣ copyist corrects B’s reading mey acc. sing. to gen. pl. meyja. This correction has been adopted by all subsequent eds. The phrase is a calque on the Marian commonplace virgo virginum ‘virgin of virgins’. Both Skj and Skald reverse mildra meyja to meyja mildra.
notes
[1-2] mildust mildra meyja ‘most merciful of merciful maidens’: The 399a-bˣ copyist corrects B’s reading mey acc. sing. to gen. pl. meyja. This correction has been adopted by all subsequent eds. The phrase is a calque on the Marian commonplace virgo virginum ‘virgin of virgins’. Both Skj and Skald reverse mildra meyja to meyja mildra.
mildust ‘most merciful’
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mildr (adj.; °compar. -ri/-ari, superl. -astr): mild, gentle, gracious, generous
notes
[1-2] mildust mildra meyja ‘most merciful of merciful maidens’: The 399a-bˣ copyist corrects B’s reading mey acc. sing. to gen. pl. meyja. This correction has been adopted by all subsequent eds. The phrase is a calque on the Marian commonplace virgo virginum ‘virgin of virgins’. Both Skj and Skald reverse mildra meyja to meyja mildra.
en ‘and ’
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4. en (conj.): than
þier ‘you’
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þú (pron.; °gen. þín, dat. þér, acc. þik): you
vildi ‘would wish’
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vilja (verb): want, intend
fylgja ‘to accompany’
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2. fylgja (verb): follow, accompany
hugr ‘the mind’
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hugr (noun m.): mind, thought, courage
… ‘…’
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(non-lexical)
helgum ‘with the holy’
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heilagr (adj.; °helgan; compar. -ari, superl. -astr): holy, sacred
[3] helgum: ‘m[...]elgum’ B, 399a‑bˣ
ok ‘’
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3. ok (conj.): and, but; also
hirðar ‘of the retinue’
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hirð (noun f.; °-ar; -ir/-ar(FskB 53)): retinue
[4] hirðar: ‘hirdr’ B, 399a‑bˣ, BRydberg, hirð ok BFJ
kennings
hirðar himna.‘of the retinue of the heavens. ’
= ANGELS
the retinue of the heavens. → ANGELS
notes
[4] hirðar himna ‘of the retinue of the heavens [ANGELS]’: B clearly reads ‘hírdr hímna’. It is not possible to make grammatical sense of hirðr, and the l. has over-alliteration on <h>. Sveinbjörn Egilsson (n. to the 444ˣ transcript) emended to hirðar gen. sg. of hirð ‘court’, forming the angel-kenning hirð himna ‘retinue of the heavens’, which also occurs in a fragment of a C12th Christian poem, Ekúl Kristdr 2/1III.
himna ‘of the heavens’
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himinn (noun m.; °himins, dat. himni; himnar): heaven, sky
kennings
hirðar himna.‘of the retinue of the heavens. ’
= ANGELS
the retinue of the heavens. → ANGELS
notes
[4] hirðar himna ‘of the retinue of the heavens [ANGELS]’: B clearly reads ‘hírdr hímna’. It is not possible to make grammatical sense of hirðr, and the l. has over-alliteration on <h>. Sveinbjörn Egilsson (n. to the 444ˣ transcript) emended to hirðar gen. sg. of hirð ‘court’, forming the angel-kenning hirð himna ‘retinue of the heavens’, which also occurs in a fragment of a C12th Christian poem, Ekúl Kristdr 2/1III.
dýrðum ‘glories’
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dýrð (noun f.; °-ar/-a(NoDipl(1279) 44²); -ir): glory
[4] dýrðum: ‘dýrd[...]’ B, ‘dyrdụṃ’ 399a‑bˣ
Hef ‘have’
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hafa (verb): have
eg ‘I’
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ek (pron.; °mín, dat. mér, acc. mik): I, me
alls ‘in all’
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allr (adj.): all
konar ‘kinds’
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konr (noun m.; °-ar): kind, descendant
illum ‘of wicked’
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illr (adj.): bad, evil, unwell
afgerðum ‘deeds’
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afgerð (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): crime, sin
mig ‘myself’
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ek (pron.; °mín, dat. mér, acc. mik): I, me
vafðan ‘embroiled’
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2. vefja (verb): wrap
sönn ‘true’
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2. sannr (adj.; °-an; compar. -ari, superl. -astr): true
kom ‘bring’
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koma (verb; kem, kom/kvam, kominn): come
þú ‘’
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þú (pron.; °gen. þín, dat. þér, acc. þik): you
sálu ‘soul’
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sál (noun f.; °-ar, dat. -u/-; -ir): soul
… ‘…’
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(non-lexical) < (unknown) (unclassified)
[8] …gnótt: ‘[...]r gnott’ B, ‘[...]gnótt’ 399a‑bˣ, BFJ, ‘(s) [...] gnott’(?) BRydberg
notes
[8] …gnótt ‘…-abundance’: It is not possible to read more of the first syllable of the first word in B than an <r> preceding gnótt. Initial <s> is confirmed by the alliteration. Rydberg (1907, 36 n. 7) notes traces of possible s…grgnótt and tentatively reconstructs sigrgnótt ‘abundance of victory’. Jón Sigurðsson (note to 444ˣ transcript) suggests reconstruction to sælugnótt ‘abundance of bliss’.
gnótt ‘abundance’
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gnótt (noun f.): abundance < (unknown) (unclassified)
[8] …gnótt: ‘[...]r gnott’ B, ‘[...]gnótt’ 399a‑bˣ, BFJ, ‘(s) [...] gnott’(?) BRydberg
notes
[8] …gnótt ‘…-abundance’: It is not possible to read more of the first syllable of the first word in B than an <r> preceding gnótt. Initial <s> is confirmed by the alliteration. Rydberg (1907, 36 n. 7) notes traces of possible s…grgnótt and tentatively reconstructs sigrgnótt ‘abundance of victory’. Jón Sigurðsson (note to 444ˣ transcript) suggests reconstruction to sælugnótt ‘abundance of bliss’.
í ‘into’
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í (prep.): in, into
frið ‘the peace’
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friðr (noun m.): peace
dróttins ‘of the Lord’
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dróttinn (noun m.; °dróttins, dat. dróttni (drottini [$1049$]); dróttnar): lord, master
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
[2-4]: There are numerous difficulties with B’s readings in these ll., and the full sense of the text is probably irrecoverable. — [3] …: B is badly damaged here, and it is not possible to reconstruct the missing word, which must be monosyllabic, with any certainty. Initial <m> is visible, and Jón Sigurðsson (n. to 444ˣ transcript) suggested reconstruction to minn pron., qualifying hugr ‘soul’. Initial <h> in helgum is confirmed by the alliteration. — [5-8]: Cf. Gamlkan’s confession in Has 16/5-8 that ek, yðvarr aumligr þræll, hefi mik vafðan í ǫllum afgerðum ‘I, your wretched servant, have wrapped myself in all misdeeds’. Line 6 is identical to Has 16/8.
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