Hallvarðr Frag 2VIII (Frið 21)
Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.) 2017, ‘Friðþjófs saga ins frœkna 21 (Hallvarðr, verses 2)’ in Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.), Poetry in fornaldarsögur. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 8. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 218.
sé ‘see’
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2. sjá (verb): see
ek ‘I’
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ek (pron.; °mín, dat. mér, acc. mik): I, me
ausa ‘baling’
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2. ausa (verb; °eyss; jós, jósu/jusu; ausinn): sprinkle, bail
en ‘and’
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2. en (conj.): but, and
[2] en sjau róa: í meginveðri papp17ˣ, 109a IIˣ, 1006ˣ, 173ˣ
sjau ‘seven’
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sjau (num. cardinal): seven
[2] en sjau róa: í meginveðri papp17ˣ, 109a IIˣ, 1006ˣ, 173ˣ
róa ‘rowing’
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2. róa (verb): row
[2] en sjau róa: í meginveðri papp17ˣ, 109a IIˣ, 1006ˣ, 173ˣ
dæsta ‘exhausted’
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dæsa (verb; °-st-): [weary]
[3] dæsta drengi: so 27ˣ, væsta drengi 510, ‘d[…]ta dreinge’ 568ˣ, sex á Elliða papp17ˣ, 109a IIˣ, 1006ˣ, 173ˣ
drengi ‘men’
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drengr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -; -ir, gen. -ja): man, warrior
[3] dæsta drengi: so 27ˣ, væsta drengi 510, ‘d[…]ta dreinge’ 568ˣ, sex á Elliða papp17ˣ, 109a IIˣ, 1006ˣ, 173ˣ
í ‘in’
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í (prep.): in, into
[4] í drifaveðri: en sjau róa papp17ˣ, 109a IIˣ, 1006ˣ, 173ˣ
drifaveðri ‘the storm of sea-spray’
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drifaveðr (noun n.)
[4] í drifaveðri: en sjau róa papp17ˣ, 109a IIˣ, 1006ˣ, 173ˣ
Þat ‘That’
[5] Þat: so papp17ˣ, 109a IIˣ, 1006ˣ, 173ˣ, þar 510
er ‘is’
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2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
gunnhvötum ‘a battle-bold one’
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gunnhvatr (adj.): battle-swift, battle-bold
glíkt ‘like’
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glíkr (adj.; °-jan/-an; compar. -ari, superl. -astr): like, alike
í ‘in’
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í (prep.): in, into
stafni ‘the prow’
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stafn (noun m.; °dat. -i/-; -ar): prow
Friðþjófr ‘Friðþjófr’
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Friðþjófr (noun m.)
[7] Friðþjófr er framm: en Friðþjófr fram í 510, ‘Fridþiofur er fell […]’ 568ˣ, Friðþjófr framm 27ˣ, Friðþjófi frækna papp17ˣ, Friðþjóf frækna 109a IIˣ, 1006ˣ, 173ˣ
er ‘when’
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2. er (conj.): who, which, when
[7] Friðþjófr er framm: en Friðþjófr fram í 510, ‘Fridþiofur er fell […]’ 568ˣ, Friðþjófr framm 27ˣ, Friðþjófi frækna papp17ˣ, Friðþjóf frækna 109a IIˣ, 1006ˣ, 173ˣ
framm ‘forward’
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fram (adv.): out, forth, forwards, away
[7] Friðþjófr er framm: en Friðþjófr fram í 510, ‘Fridþiofur er fell […]’ 568ˣ, Friðþjófr framm 27ˣ, Friðþjófi frækna papp17ˣ, Friðþjóf frækna 109a IIˣ, 1006ˣ, 173ˣ
notes
[8] fellr framm við árar ‘falls forward over the oars’: That is, Friðþjófr bends forward to pull on the oars in the rough sea, and is likened to a bold man (or bold men) in the prow of a ship going into battle.
fellr ‘falls’
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falla (verb): fall
[8] fellr við árar: ‘[…] vit arar’ 568ˣ, fellr á árar 27ˣ, 109a IIˣ
notes
[8] fellr framm við árar ‘falls forward over the oars’: That is, Friðþjófr bends forward to pull on the oars in the rough sea, and is likened to a bold man (or bold men) in the prow of a ship going into battle.
við ‘over’
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2. við (prep.): with, against
[8] fellr við árar: ‘[…] vit arar’ 568ˣ, fellr á árar 27ˣ, 109a IIˣ
notes
[8] fellr framm við árar ‘falls forward over the oars’: That is, Friðþjófr bends forward to pull on the oars in the rough sea, and is likened to a bold man (or bold men) in the prow of a ship going into battle.
árar ‘the oars’
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1. ár (noun f.; °-ar, dat. u/-; -ar/-ir(LandslBorg 151b²¹)): oar
[8] fellr við árar: ‘[…] vit arar’ 568ˣ, fellr á árar 27ˣ, 109a IIˣ
notes
[8] fellr framm við árar ‘falls forward over the oars’: That is, Friðþjófr bends forward to pull on the oars in the rough sea, and is likened to a bold man (or bold men) in the prow of a ship going into battle.
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
In the A redaction mss, this stanza follows Frið 20 with simply Ok enn kvað hann ‘and again he [Hallvarðr] spoke’. In the B redaction this is the first of Hallvarðr’s stanzas and is preceded by a prose passage describing the scene in Angantýr’s hall, from where the watchman Hallvarðr can see the doings of Friðþjófr and his men.
There is considerable variation between the A and B redactions here, especially in the first helmingr, which in B has: Menn sé ek ausa | í meginveðri | sex á Elliða | en sjau róa ‘I see six men on Elliði baling in the powerful storm and seven rowing’. Lines 3-4 of the A text are exactly the same as Frið 18/3-4 and l. 4 is the same as Frið 20/8. — [7-8]: No ms. has exactly this order of words, but all elements are present in one ms. or other. Most previous eds have emended to the text presented here in order to achieve metrical and syntactic regularity. Some of the scribal versions (e.g. 27ˣ) doubtless depend on the desyllabified form Friðþjófur to form a metrical line. The B redaction mss introduce the adj. frækna ‘bold’ in l. 7; this epithet characterises Friðþjófr in the B text and in later tradition, though it does not appear in the prose of the A redaction mss (but cf. Note to Frið 40/1).
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