Valg Har 4II
Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2009, ‘Valgarðr á Velli, Poem about Haraldr harðráði 4’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 303.
Helmingi ‘the unit’
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helmingr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): unit, troop
notes
[1] helmingi (m. dat. sg.) ‘unit’: Lit. ‘half’. Used in poetry to refer to a military unit (see ÍF 29, 236 n.; Jesch 2001a, 202-3).
bautt ‘you ordered’
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bjóða (verb; °býðr; bauð, buðu; boðinn (buð- Thom¹ 5²n.)): offer, order, invite
[1] bautt (‘bauð þú’): ‘bouttu’ FskAˣ
notes
[1] bautt hanga ‘ordered to be hanged’: For the construction bjóða plus inf., see LP: bjóða 3.
hanga ‘to be hanged’
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1. hanga (verb): hang
notes
[1] bautt hanga ‘ordered to be hanged’: For the construction bjóða plus inf., see LP: bjóða 3.
hilmis ‘of a ruler’
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hilmir (noun m.): prince, protector
kennings
Kundr hilmis,‘Descendant of a ruler, ’
= RULER = Haraldr
Descendant of a ruler, → RULER = Haraldr
notes
[2] kundr hilmis ‘descendant of a ruler [RULER = Haraldr]’: The identity of this ruler is unclear, but it could be Haraldr hárfagri. Kundr ‘descendant’ can also mean ‘son’ (see LP: kundr 1), but ‘the ruler’ can hardly refer to Sigurðr sýr, Haraldr’s father, who was a petty king of the district Opplandene (Upplǫnd) in Norway.
kundr ‘Descendant’
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kundr (noun m.): descendant
kennings
Kundr hilmis,‘Descendant of a ruler, ’
= RULER = Haraldr
Descendant of a ruler, → RULER = Haraldr
notes
[2] kundr hilmis ‘descendant of a ruler [RULER = Haraldr]’: The identity of this ruler is unclear, but it could be Haraldr hárfagri. Kundr ‘descendant’ can also mean ‘son’ (see LP: kundr 1), but ‘the ruler’ can hardly refer to Sigurðr sýr, Haraldr’s father, who was a petty king of the district Opplandene (Upplǫnd) in Norway.
af ‘at’
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af (prep.): from
stundu ‘once’
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stund (noun f.; °-ar, dat. -u/-; -ir): time, hour
skipt ‘acted’
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1. skipa (verb): change, place
hafið ‘have’
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hafa (verb): have
ér ‘you’
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ér (pron.; °gen. yðvar/yðar, dat./acc. yðr): you
svát ‘in such a way that’
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svát (conj.): so that, so as
eptir ‘left’
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eptir (prep.): after, behind
eru ‘are’
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2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
Væringjar ‘Varangians’
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væringi (noun m.): Varangian
notes
[4] Væringjar ‘Varangians’: Norsemen in the service of the Byzantine emperor. See Sigfús Blöndal 1978, 4-7.
færi ‘fewer’
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3. fár (adj.; °compar. fǽrri/fárri(Mág² 11), superl. fǽstr): few
[4] færi: so FskAˣ, ‘færre’ FskBˣ
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
After escaping from his incarceration in Constantinople, Haraldr joined the uprising against the Byzantine emperor Michael V Kalaphates (on 20-1 April 1042). Accompanied by his men, he broke into the emperor’s palace and ordered some of the Varangians guarding the emperor to be killed.
For these events, see also ÞjóðA Sex 7-8, ÞSkegg Hardr and Sigfús Blöndal 1978, 94-5. Sigfús Blöndal (1978, 94) believes that the hanging took place after the blinding of Emperor Michael on 21 April, and that Haraldr had been ordered to punish those Varangians who had remained loyal to the emperor.
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