Þloft Tøgdr 8I
Matthew Townend (ed.) 2012, ‘Þórarinn loftunga, Tøgdrápa 8’ in Diana Whaley (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 1: From Mythical Times to c. 1035. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 1. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 862.
Gatk ‘I have got’
(not checked:)
2. geta (verb): to beget, give birth to, mention, speak of; to think well of, like, love
goll ‘a gold’
(not checked:)
gull (noun n.): gold < gullskati (noun m.): munificent man
kennings
gollskata;‘a gold-man; ’
= GENEROUS RULER = Knútr
a gold-man; → GENEROUS RULER = Knútr
notes
[1] gollskata ‘a gold-man [GENEROUS RULER = Knútr]’: This is a bland and slightly unusual kenning, but it resembles other kennings denoting men as givers, throwers or destroyers of gold, and is cited alongside them by Snorri (see Context above). Kock (NN §787) suggests OE influence and compares OE goldwine ‘gold-friend’.
skata ‘man’
(not checked:)
skati (noun m.; °-a; -nar): chieftan, prince < gullskati (noun m.): munificent man
kennings
gollskata;‘a gold-man; ’
= GENEROUS RULER = Knútr
a gold-man; → GENEROUS RULER = Knútr
notes
[1] gollskata ‘a gold-man [GENEROUS RULER = Knútr]’: This is a bland and slightly unusual kenning, but it resembles other kennings denoting men as givers, throwers or destroyers of gold, and is cited alongside them by Snorri (see Context above). Kock (NN §787) suggests OE influence and compares OE goldwine ‘gold-friend’.
kennings
bǫr leygs gráps gǫtu gunnvita.‘the tree of the flame of the hail-storm of the path of the battle-beacon. ’
= WARRIOR
the battle-beacon. → SWORD
the path of the SWORD → SHIELD
the hail-storm of the SHIELD → BATTLE
the flame of the BATTLE → SWORD
the tree of the SWORD → WARRIOR
kennings
bǫr leygs gráps gǫtu gunnvita.‘the tree of the flame of the hail-storm of the path of the battle-beacon. ’
= WARRIOR
the battle-beacon. → SWORD
the path of the SWORD → SHIELD
the hail-storm of the SHIELD → BATTLE
the flame of the BATTLE → SWORD
the tree of the SWORD → WARRIOR
of ‘about’
(not checked:)
3. of (prep.): around, from; too
bǫr ‘the tree’
(not checked:)
bǫrr (noun m.): tree
kennings
bǫr leygs gráps gǫtu gunnvita.‘the tree of the flame of the hail-storm of the path of the battle-beacon. ’
= WARRIOR
the battle-beacon. → SWORD
the path of the SWORD → SHIELD
the hail-storm of the SHIELD → BATTLE
the flame of the BATTLE → SWORD
the tree of the SWORD → WARRIOR
gǫtu ‘of the path’
(not checked:)
gata (noun f.): path, road
kennings
bǫr leygs gráps gǫtu gunnvita.‘the tree of the flame of the hail-storm of the path of the battle-beacon. ’
= WARRIOR
the battle-beacon. → SWORD
the path of the SWORD → SHIELD
the hail-storm of the SHIELD → BATTLE
the flame of the BATTLE → SWORD
the tree of the SWORD → WARRIOR
gǫtu ‘of the path’
(not checked:)
gata (noun f.): path, road
kennings
bǫr leygs gráps gǫtu gunnvita.‘the tree of the flame of the hail-storm of the path of the battle-beacon. ’
= WARRIOR
the battle-beacon. → SWORD
the path of the SWORD → SHIELD
the hail-storm of the SHIELD → BATTLE
the flame of the BATTLE → SWORD
the tree of the SWORD → WARRIOR
gǫtu ‘of the path’
(not checked:)
gata (noun f.): path, road
kennings
bǫr leygs gráps gǫtu gunnvita.‘the tree of the flame of the hail-storm of the path of the battle-beacon. ’
= WARRIOR
the battle-beacon. → SWORD
the path of the SWORD → SHIELD
the hail-storm of the SHIELD → BATTLE
the flame of the BATTLE → SWORD
the tree of the SWORD → WARRIOR
gǫtu ‘of the path’
(not checked:)
gata (noun f.): path, road
kennings
bǫr leygs gráps gǫtu gunnvita.‘the tree of the flame of the hail-storm of the path of the battle-beacon. ’
= WARRIOR
the battle-beacon. → SWORD
the path of the SWORD → SHIELD
the hail-storm of the SHIELD → BATTLE
the flame of the BATTLE → SWORD
the tree of the SWORD → WARRIOR
gunn ‘of the battle’
(not checked:)
gunnr (noun f.): battle < gunnviti (noun m.): [battle-beacon]
kennings
bǫr leygs gráps gǫtu gunnvita.‘the tree of the flame of the hail-storm of the path of the battle-beacon. ’
= WARRIOR
the battle-beacon. → SWORD
the path of the SWORD → SHIELD
the hail-storm of the SHIELD → BATTLE
the flame of the BATTLE → SWORD
the tree of the SWORD → WARRIOR
gunn ‘of the battle’
(not checked:)
gunnr (noun f.): battle < gunnviti (noun m.): [battle-beacon]
kennings
bǫr leygs gráps gǫtu gunnvita.‘the tree of the flame of the hail-storm of the path of the battle-beacon. ’
= WARRIOR
the battle-beacon. → SWORD
the path of the SWORD → SHIELD
the hail-storm of the SHIELD → BATTLE
the flame of the BATTLE → SWORD
the tree of the SWORD → WARRIOR
gunn ‘of the battle’
(not checked:)
gunnr (noun f.): battle < gunnviti (noun m.): [battle-beacon]
kennings
bǫr leygs gráps gǫtu gunnvita.‘the tree of the flame of the hail-storm of the path of the battle-beacon. ’
= WARRIOR
the battle-beacon. → SWORD
the path of the SWORD → SHIELD
the hail-storm of the SHIELD → BATTLE
the flame of the BATTLE → SWORD
the tree of the SWORD → WARRIOR
gunn ‘of the battle’
(not checked:)
gunnr (noun f.): battle < gunnviti (noun m.): [battle-beacon]
kennings
bǫr leygs gráps gǫtu gunnvita.‘the tree of the flame of the hail-storm of the path of the battle-beacon. ’
= WARRIOR
the battle-beacon. → SWORD
the path of the SWORD → SHIELD
the hail-storm of the SHIELD → BATTLE
the flame of the BATTLE → SWORD
the tree of the SWORD → WARRIOR
gunn ‘of the battle’
(not checked:)
gunnr (noun f.): battle < gunnviti (noun m.): [battle-beacon]
kennings
bǫr leygs gráps gǫtu gunnvita.‘the tree of the flame of the hail-storm of the path of the battle-beacon. ’
= WARRIOR
the battle-beacon. → SWORD
the path of the SWORD → SHIELD
the hail-storm of the SHIELD → BATTLE
the flame of the BATTLE → SWORD
the tree of the SWORD → WARRIOR
vita ‘beacon’
(not checked:)
viti (noun m.; °-a; -ar): beacon, marker < gunnviti (noun m.): [battle-beacon]
kennings
bǫr leygs gráps gǫtu gunnvita.‘the tree of the flame of the hail-storm of the path of the battle-beacon. ’
= WARRIOR
the battle-beacon. → SWORD
the path of the SWORD → SHIELD
the hail-storm of the SHIELD → BATTLE
the flame of the BATTLE → SWORD
the tree of the SWORD → WARRIOR
vita ‘beacon’
(not checked:)
viti (noun m.; °-a; -ar): beacon, marker < gunnviti (noun m.): [battle-beacon]
kennings
bǫr leygs gráps gǫtu gunnvita.‘the tree of the flame of the hail-storm of the path of the battle-beacon. ’
= WARRIOR
the battle-beacon. → SWORD
the path of the SWORD → SHIELD
the hail-storm of the SHIELD → BATTLE
the flame of the BATTLE → SWORD
the tree of the SWORD → WARRIOR
vita ‘beacon’
(not checked:)
viti (noun m.; °-a; -ar): beacon, marker < gunnviti (noun m.): [battle-beacon]
kennings
bǫr leygs gráps gǫtu gunnvita.‘the tree of the flame of the hail-storm of the path of the battle-beacon. ’
= WARRIOR
the battle-beacon. → SWORD
the path of the SWORD → SHIELD
the hail-storm of the SHIELD → BATTLE
the flame of the BATTLE → SWORD
the tree of the SWORD → WARRIOR
vita ‘beacon’
(not checked:)
viti (noun m.; °-a; -ar): beacon, marker < gunnviti (noun m.): [battle-beacon]
kennings
bǫr leygs gráps gǫtu gunnvita.‘the tree of the flame of the hail-storm of the path of the battle-beacon. ’
= WARRIOR
the battle-beacon. → SWORD
the path of the SWORD → SHIELD
the hail-storm of the SHIELD → BATTLE
the flame of the BATTLE → SWORD
the tree of the SWORD → WARRIOR
vita ‘beacon’
(not checked:)
viti (noun m.; °-a; -ar): beacon, marker < gunnviti (noun m.): [battle-beacon]
kennings
bǫr leygs gráps gǫtu gunnvita.‘the tree of the flame of the hail-storm of the path of the battle-beacon. ’
= WARRIOR
the battle-beacon. → SWORD
the path of the SWORD → SHIELD
the hail-storm of the SHIELD → BATTLE
the flame of the BATTLE → SWORD
the tree of the SWORD → WARRIOR
kennings
bǫr leygs gráps gǫtu gunnvita.‘the tree of the flame of the hail-storm of the path of the battle-beacon. ’
= WARRIOR
the battle-beacon. → SWORD
the path of the SWORD → SHIELD
the hail-storm of the SHIELD → BATTLE
the flame of the BATTLE → SWORD
the tree of the SWORD → WARRIOR
kennings
bǫr leygs gráps gǫtu gunnvita.‘the tree of the flame of the hail-storm of the path of the battle-beacon. ’
= WARRIOR
the battle-beacon. → SWORD
the path of the SWORD → SHIELD
the hail-storm of the SHIELD → BATTLE
the flame of the BATTLE → SWORD
the tree of the SWORD → WARRIOR
kennings
bǫr leygs gráps gǫtu gunnvita.‘the tree of the flame of the hail-storm of the path of the battle-beacon. ’
= WARRIOR
the battle-beacon. → SWORD
the path of the SWORD → SHIELD
the hail-storm of the SHIELD → BATTLE
the flame of the BATTLE → SWORD
the tree of the SWORD → WARRIOR
Tøg ‘ Tøg’
(not checked:)
(unknown) < tøgdrápa (noun f.)
notes
[4] Tøgdrápa ‘(“Journey drápa”)’: This is the only occurrence of the cpd in skaldic verse. It is taken here as the title of the poem, and it certainly came to be used as such, but it is not certain whether Þórarinn intended it as a title or as a technical term, ‘the poem in tøgdrápa metre’. The former would appear more likely if Þórarinn’s poem predates Sigv Knútdr, the latter if Sigvatr’s poem predates Þórarinn’s (see further Introduction on this and the probable meaning of Tøgdrápa).
drápa ‘drápa (‘Journey drápa’)’
(not checked:)
drápa (noun f.; °-u): poem with refrains < tøgdrápa (noun f.)
[4] ‑drápa: so W, drôpu all others
notes
[4] Tøgdrápa ‘(“Journey drápa”)’: This is the only occurrence of the cpd in skaldic verse. It is taken here as the title of the poem, and it certainly came to be used as such, but it is not certain whether Þórarinn intended it as a title or as a technical term, ‘the poem in tøgdrápa metre’. The former would appear more likely if Þórarinn’s poem predates Sigv Knútdr, the latter if Sigvatr’s poem predates Þórarinn’s (see further Introduction on this and the probable meaning of Tøgdrápa).
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
The helmingr is quoted in SnE (Skm) in exemplification of the kenning gullskati ‘gold-man’, in a series of man-kennings involving gold.
The content of the helmingr suggests it is from the last stanza of the poem. The kenning in ll. 2-4 is extended to an exceptional degree but, apart from its inclusion of two sword-kennings, conforms to normal patterns. — Only in ms. A is the helmingr attributed to Þórarinn; in R and elsewhere it is simply introduced with sem hér er ‘as it stands here’ (SnE 1998, I, 63).
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