ÞjóðA Magn 12II
Diana Whaley (ed.) 2009, ‘Þjóðólfr Arnórsson, Stanzas about Magnús Óláfsson in Danaveldi 12’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 99-100.
Svíðr ‘flames’
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1. svíða (verb): cause pain, burn
of ‘across’
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3. of (prep.): around, from; too
seggja ‘of men’
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seggr (noun m.; °; -ir): man
búðir ‘the dwellings’
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búð (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): booth, dwelling
siklingr ‘the prince’
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siklingr (noun m.; °; -ar): king, ruler
í ‘in’
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í (prep.): in, into
notes
[2, 4] í miklum her; Danaveldi ‘in a great army; in the realm of the Danes’: Finnur assumed that the prep. í ‘in’ governs, not the noun phrase that follows it (her miklum, which he takes as instr., ‘with a great army’) but the remote Danaveldi (Hkr 1893-1901 and Skj B). One can only agree with Kock (NN §869) that this is extremely strained; indeed the separation of unstressed proclitic prep. and noun is unparalleled, and it is not necessary, since dat. Danaveldi can alone mean ‘in the realm of the Danes’, as assumed here and by most eds. Danaveldi, as the sphere of operation in this set of sts, has been used in its editorial title in this edn. Whether the term Danaveldi is used differently from Danmarkar ‘Denmark’ (l. 6) is unclear; both at this period included Skåne (Skáney), now part of southern Sweden.
her ‘army’
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herr (noun m.; °-s/-jar, dat. -; -jar, gen. -ja/herra): army, host
notes
[2, 4] í miklum her; Danaveldi ‘in a great army; in the realm of the Danes’: Finnur assumed that the prep. í ‘in’ governs, not the noun phrase that follows it (her miklum, which he takes as instr., ‘with a great army’) but the remote Danaveldi (Hkr 1893-1901 and Skj B). One can only agree with Kock (NN §869) that this is extremely strained; indeed the separation of unstressed proclitic prep. and noun is unparalleled, and it is not necessary, since dat. Danaveldi can alone mean ‘in the realm of the Danes’, as assumed here and by most eds. Danaveldi, as the sphere of operation in this set of sts, has been used in its editorial title in this edn. Whether the term Danaveldi is used differently from Danmarkar ‘Denmark’ (l. 6) is unclear; both at this period included Skåne (Skáney), now part of southern Sweden.
miklum ‘a great’
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mikill (adj.; °mikinn): great, large
notes
[2, 4] í miklum her; Danaveldi ‘in a great army; in the realm of the Danes’: Finnur assumed that the prep. í ‘in’ governs, not the noun phrase that follows it (her miklum, which he takes as instr., ‘with a great army’) but the remote Danaveldi (Hkr 1893-1901 and Skj B). One can only agree with Kock (NN §869) that this is extremely strained; indeed the separation of unstressed proclitic prep. and noun is unparalleled, and it is not necessary, since dat. Danaveldi can alone mean ‘in the realm of the Danes’, as assumed here and by most eds. Danaveldi, as the sphere of operation in this set of sts, has been used in its editorial title in this edn. Whether the term Danaveldi is used differently from Danmarkar ‘Denmark’ (l. 6) is unclear; both at this period included Skåne (Skáney), now part of southern Sweden.
eyðir ‘destroys’
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2. eyða (verb; °-dd-): destroy
byggð ‘the settlement’
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byggð (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): dwelling, settlement
bráðast ‘all haste’
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bráðr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): quick(ly)
bjartr ‘Bright’
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bjartr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): bright
eldr ‘fire’
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eldr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i/-(HómÍsl¹(1993) 24v²⁴); -ar): fire
Danaveldi ‘in the realm of the Danes’
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danaveldi (noun n.): realm of the Danes
notes
[2, 4] í miklum her; Danaveldi ‘in a great army; in the realm of the Danes’: Finnur assumed that the prep. í ‘in’ governs, not the noun phrase that follows it (her miklum, which he takes as instr., ‘with a great army’) but the remote Danaveldi (Hkr 1893-1901 and Skj B). One can only agree with Kock (NN §869) that this is extremely strained; indeed the separation of unstressed proclitic prep. and noun is unparalleled, and it is not necessary, since dat. Danaveldi can alone mean ‘in the realm of the Danes’, as assumed here and by most eds. Danaveldi, as the sphere of operation in this set of sts, has been used in its editorial title in this edn. Whether the term Danaveldi is used differently from Danmarkar ‘Denmark’ (l. 6) is unclear; both at this period included Skåne (Skáney), now part of southern Sweden.
berr ‘carries’
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3. bera (verb; °berr; bar, báru; borinn): bear, carry
heiði ‘the heath’
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3. heiðr (noun f.; °heiðar, dat./acc heiði; heiðar): heath
[5] heiði: ‘heíðe’ corrected from ‘haðe’ in the left margin in the same hand E
halds ‘of defending’
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hald (noun n.; °-s; *-): support
[6] halds: so 39, F, ‘haldr’ Kˣ, ‘hallz’ E, J2ˣ, hjaldrs H, ‘hialldus’ Hr
notes
[6] halds Danmarkar ‘of defending Denmark’: (a) Skj A gives ‘hallz’ in F and 39, but the ‘d’ is clear in both (and is the reading given in Hkr 1893-1901, III, 67), and this helps to confirm halds as the most likely underlying reading. This is construed here with móðr ‘weary’, which can be qualified by af and the reason for weariness in the dat. (e.g. móðr mjök af gǫngu ‘very weary from walking’, cited in Fritzner: móðr adj.) but alternatively by a noun in the gen., here halds ‘of holding, defending’ (cf. föstumóðr ‘weary from fasting’, Anon Lil 45/2VII); this is the interpretation adopted in ÍF 28 and Hkr 1991, 594. (b) Hjaldrs ‘of battle’ in H and (slightly corrupted) in Hr is also attractive. It could be taken with móðr, giving ‘weary of/from battle’ (so Finnur Jónsson in Hkr 1893-1901 and Skj B), or alternatively with halr ‘man’ in l. 5 to form a term for ‘warrior’ (so NN §3231), but the stemma clearly shows it to be secondary.
Danmarkar ‘Denmark’
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Danmǫrk (noun f.): [Denmark]
notes
[6] halds Danmarkar ‘of defending Denmark’: (a) Skj A gives ‘hallz’ in F and 39, but the ‘d’ is clear in both (and is the reading given in Hkr 1893-1901, III, 67), and this helps to confirm halds as the most likely underlying reading. This is construed here with móðr ‘weary’, which can be qualified by af and the reason for weariness in the dat. (e.g. móðr mjök af gǫngu ‘very weary from walking’, cited in Fritzner: móðr adj.) but alternatively by a noun in the gen., here halds ‘of holding, defending’ (cf. föstumóðr ‘weary from fasting’, Anon Lil 45/2VII); this is the interpretation adopted in ÍF 28 and Hkr 1991, 594. (b) Hjaldrs ‘of battle’ in H and (slightly corrupted) in Hr is also attractive. It could be taken with móðr, giving ‘weary of/from battle’ (so Finnur Jónsson in Hkr 1893-1901 and Skj B), or alternatively with halr ‘man’ in l. 5 to form a term for ‘warrior’ (so NN §3231), but the stemma clearly shows it to be secondary.
skjǫldu ‘shields’
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skjǫldr (noun m.; °skjaldar/skildar, dat. skildi; skildir, acc. skjǫldu): shield
vér ‘we’
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vér (pron.; °gen. vár, dat./acc. oss): we, us, our
hlutum ‘won’
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hljóta (verb): alot, gain
sigr ‘victory’
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sigr (noun m.; °sigrs/sigrar, dat. sigri; sigrar): victory
en ‘but’
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2. en (conj.): but, and
sárir ‘wounded’
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sárr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): sore, painful; wounded
Sveins ‘Sveinn’s’
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2. Sveinn (noun m.): Sveinn
menn ‘men’
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maðr (noun m.): man, person
fyrir ‘away’
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fyrir (prep.): for, before, because of
renna ‘run’
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2. renna (verb): run (strong)
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
The st. follows Magn 11 without interruption in most Hkr mss and with a brief link in J2ˣ and H-Hr.
[1-4]: As Kock pointed out (NN §869), the helmingr is capable of various construals, since the verbs svíðr ‘flames, burns’ (l. 1) and eyðir ‘destroys’ (l. 3) could be read with either siklingr ‘prince’ or bjartr eldr ‘bright fire’ as their subject, while sem bráðast ‘with all haste’ is an apo koinou adverbial that could qualify either cl. Although svíða occurs with human subjects (LP and Fritzner: svíða), however, the pairing svíðr … bjartr eldr, and the arrangement of clauses shown above, seem the most likely.
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