ÞjóðA Lv 11II
Diana Whaley (ed.) 2009, ‘Þjóðólfr Arnórsson, Lausavísur 11’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 175-6.
Ǫld ‘People’
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ǫld (noun f.; °; aldir): people, age
afráð ‘penalty’
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afráð (noun n.; °; -): [penalty]
[1] afráð: so F, E, J2ˣ, Mork, Hb, ‘afroð’ Kˣ, H, Hr, ‘afhrod’ Flat
goldit ‘paid’
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1. gjalda (verb): pay, repay
illt ‘a dire’
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illr (adj.): bad, evil, unwell
nú ‘now’
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(non-lexical)
kveðk ‘I declare’
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2. kveðja (verb; kvaddi): (dd) request, address, greet
[2] kveðk her (‘qveð ec her’): ‘quad eg hann’ Flat
her ‘the host’
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herr (noun m.; °-s/-jar, dat. -; -jar, gen. -ja/herra): army, host
[2] kveðk her (‘qveð ec her’): ‘quad eg hann’ Flat
stilltan ‘is quelled’
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stilla (verb): control
notes
[2] stilltan ‘quelled’: I.e. ‘quietened’ or ‘controlled’. This translation is appropriate if the word refers, with ironic understatement, to the men’s death in battle. The reference could alternatively be to the ill-advised nature of Haraldr’s campaign. Stilla can mean ‘bring into a dangerous, difficult situation’ (LP: stilla 3), and this sense seems the basis for interpretations in Skj B and Ulset 1975, 109-10. The eds of ÍF 28 and 29 interpret stilltan as ‘deceived, tricked’ (vélaður/vélaðan), and Hkr 1991 similarly has hafi verið ginnt ‘has been duped’.
bauð ‘commanded’
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bjóða (verb; °býðr; bauð, buðu; boðinn (buð- Thom¹ 5²n.)): offer, order, invite
[3] bauð: ‘boð’ FskAˣ
fǫr ‘expedition’
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fǫr (noun f.): journey, fate; movement
[3] fǫr: ferð E, J2ˣ, ‘for’ FskAˣ, Mork, Hb
þjóðum ‘troops’
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þjóð (noun f.; °-ar, dat. -/-u; -ir): people
þarflaust ‘needlessly’
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þarflauss (adj.): without cause, needlessly
austan ‘westwards’
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austan (adv.): from the east
Svá ‘in such a way’
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svá (adv.): so, thus
lauk ‘ended’
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1. lúka (verb): end, close
siklings ‘prince’
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siklingr (noun m.; °; -ar): king, ruler
[5] siklings: ‘siklingns’ FskAˣ
ævi ‘The life’
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ævi (noun f.; °-/-ar): life
snjalls ‘of the bold’
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snjallr (adj.): quick, resourceful, bold
[6] snjalls: ‘síallz’ 744ˣ
at ‘that’
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4. at (conj.): that
vér ‘we’
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vér (pron.; °gen. vár, dat./acc. oss): we, us, our
róm ‘are’
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2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
allir ‘all’
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allr (adj.): all
lofðungr ‘sovereign’
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lofðungr (noun m.; °; -ar): king, leader
[7] lofðungr: ‘lǫfðungr’ E, lofðung Flat
beið ‘endured’
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bíða (verb; °bíðr; beið, biðu; beðit): wait, suffer, experience
[7] beið: fekk FskAˣ, Mork, H, Hr, Hb, ‘b..ð’ 744ˣ
notes
[7] beið ‘endured’: The variant fekk ‘received, got’ (so FskAˣ, Mork, H, Hr, Hb) is equally good. — [8] inn leyfði ‘the praised’: This qualifies lofðungr ‘prince’; and the two may be etymologically related, sharing reference to ‘praise’ (AEW: lof). The variant ins leyfða (so Mork, H, Hr) instead qualifies lífs, hence ‘(destruction) of the praised life’.
leyfði ‘praised’
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leyfa (verb): permit; praise
[7] inn leyfði: ens leyfða Mork, Hr, hins leyfða H
lífs ‘of life’
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líf (noun n.; °-s; -): life
í ‘in’
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í (prep.): in, into
stað ‘position’
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1. staðr (noun m.; °-ar/-s; -ir): place
vǫndum ‘a difficult’
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vandr (adj.): difficult
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
In Hkr and H-Hr, Haraldr Sigurðarson is slain at the battle of Stamford Bridge, upon which Tostig (Tósti) jarl takes takes up the leadership under the king’s standard for the second phase of the battle. Fsk, Mork and Flat set the st. in a pause before the battle-lines clashed. In SnE, the second helmingr is cited to illustrate the way that names of legendary dynasties are used as general honorific titles, in this case both lofðungr and siklingr, which are traced respectively to an eponymous Lofði and Sigarr.
The B text (ll. 5-8) is so damaged that to note the many illegible places would be unhelpful, and it is therefore represented instead by the transcript in 744ˣ. — Flat names ‘Þorolfr’ as the skald; U cites only ll. 5-6, which are followed immediately by Arn Hryn 20. — For other poetry on the battle of Stamford Bridge, see note to Lv 11 [All].
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