ÞjóðA Har 5II
Diana Whaley (ed.) 2009, ‘Þjóðólfr Arnórsson, Stanzas about Haraldr Sigurðarson’s leiðangr 5’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 155-6.
Eigu ‘get’
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2. eiga (verb; °á/eigr (præs. pl. 3. pers. eigu/eiga); átti, áttu; átt): own, have
[1] Eigu: ‘Eigvt’ F
skjól ‘shelter’
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skjól (noun n.; °-s; -): protection, shelter
und ‘in’
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3. und (prep.): under, underneath
skógi ‘the lee of the wood’
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skógr (noun m.; °-ar/-s, dat. -i; -ar): forest
skafnir ‘The planed’
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skafa (verb): plane, smoothe
snekkju ‘of the vessel’
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snekkja (noun f.; °-u; -ur): warship
stafnar ‘stems’
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stafn (noun m.; °dat. -i/-; -ar): prow
læsir ‘encloses’
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læsa (verb): enclose, lock
leiðangrs ‘the fleet’s’
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leiðangr (noun m.; °leiðangrs, dat. leiðangri; leiðangrar): naval levy
[3] leiðangrs vísi: leiðangr vísa F
notes
[3] vísi leiðangrs ‘the fleet’s prince’: The F reading leiðangr vísa ‘the prince’s fleet’ is also viable, and is adopted in Skj B (evoking protest from Kock in NN §873), but has no other ms. support. — [3, 5] leiðangrs; almenningr ‘the fleet’s; the host’: Leiðangr refers to a fleet of ships together (at least in some contexts) with their crews, and almenningr to a body of people. Malmros (1985) argued that these words constitute proof that an organised levy system already existed under Haraldr, but the skaldic evidence does not support this, though it does support the sense ‘expeditionary fleet’ for at least some instances of leiðangr (Jesch 2001a, 196-8; Note to Bǫlv Hardr 8/1).
leiðangrs ‘the fleet’s’
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leiðangr (noun m.; °leiðangrs, dat. leiðangri; leiðangrar): naval levy
[3] leiðangrs vísi: leiðangr vísa F
notes
[3] vísi leiðangrs ‘the fleet’s prince’: The F reading leiðangr vísa ‘the prince’s fleet’ is also viable, and is adopted in Skj B (evoking protest from Kock in NN §873), but has no other ms. support. — [3, 5] leiðangrs; almenningr ‘the fleet’s; the host’: Leiðangr refers to a fleet of ships together (at least in some contexts) with their crews, and almenningr to a body of people. Malmros (1985) argued that these words constitute proof that an organised levy system already existed under Haraldr, but the skaldic evidence does not support this, though it does support the sense ‘expeditionary fleet’ for at least some instances of leiðangr (Jesch 2001a, 196-8; Note to Bǫlv Hardr 8/1).
lǫnd ‘the lands’
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land (noun n.; °-s; *-): land
herskipa ‘of warships’
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herskip (noun n.): warship
brǫndum ‘with the prows’
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brandr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): sword, prow; fire
Almenningr ‘The host’
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almenningr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i/-; -ar): [host, All people]
[5] Almenningr: almenning Hr
notes
[3, 5] leiðangrs; almenningr ‘the fleet’s; the host’: Leiðangr refers to a fleet of ships together (at least in some contexts) with their crews, and almenningr to a body of people. Malmros (1985) argued that these words constitute proof that an organised levy system already existed under Haraldr, but the skaldic evidence does not support this, though it does support the sense ‘expeditionary fleet’ for at least some instances of leiðangr (Jesch 2001a, 196-8; Note to Bǫlv Hardr 8/1).
liggr ‘lies at anchor’
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liggja (verb): lie
innan ‘in’
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innan (prep.): inside, within
eið ‘the headland’
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eið (noun n.; °-s; -): ?oath/headland
láta ‘let’
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láta (verb): let, have sth done
skeiðar ‘the longships’
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1. skeið (noun f.; °-ar; -r/-ar/-ir): ship
há ‘armoured’
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1. hár (noun m.; °; -ir): oarport < hábrynjaðr (adj.): armoured
notes
[7] hábrynjaðar ‘armoured around the oarports’: The adj. also occurs in Steinn Óldr 13/4 and Þfagr Sveinn 4/4. This translation assumes that the first element is from hár m. ‘oarport’ (see Note to st. 4/3, 4), but h(r) ‘high’ is also possible, as assumed in Skj B. The ‘armour’ is normally assumed to be the row of shields which could be set up when the ship was at anchor or under sail, though not when it was being rowed, and this seems correct in the absence of any archaeological evidence for defensive plating on Viking Age warships (see Jesch 2001a, 157-9).
brynjaðar ‘ around the oarports’
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2. brynja (verb; °-að-): armour < hábrynjaðr (adj.): armoured
[7] ‑brynjaðar: ‑brynjandi H, Hr
notes
[7] hábrynjaðar ‘armoured around the oarports’: The adj. also occurs in Steinn Óldr 13/4 and Þfagr Sveinn 4/4. This translation assumes that the first element is from hár m. ‘oarport’ (see Note to st. 4/3, 4), but h(r) ‘high’ is also possible, as assumed in Skj B. The ‘armour’ is normally assumed to be the row of shields which could be set up when the ship was at anchor or under sail, though not when it was being rowed, and this seems correct in the absence of any archaeological evidence for defensive plating on Viking Age warships (see Jesch 2001a, 157-9).
hverja ‘every’
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2. hverr (pron.): who, whom, each, every
vík ‘bay’
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vík (noun f.): bay
skerjum ‘the skerries’
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sker (noun n.; °-s; -, gen. -ja): skerry
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Sailing east into Viken (Vík), Haraldr’s fleet meets adverse winds and has to seek shelter in harbours.
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