ÞjóðA Sex 23^II

Fœrði ‘brought’

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2. fœra (verb): bring

[1] Fœrði: ‘Færdr’ Flat

notes

[1, 4] fœrði starf til króks ‘brought the task to completion’: Starf could mean either ‘work, task’ in general, or more specifically ‘fighting’, as attested in Sigv Víkv 7/8^I, Þorm Þorgdr 1/1^V and elsewhere. Fœra til króks contextually seems to mean ‘complete, finish’, and there is a general consensus about this, but the exact sense is obscure. Krókr ‘hook, bend’ has multiple applications, including everyday objects and landscape features, but the present usage does not match any recorded idiom, and Þjóðolfr’s semi-figurative usage in his Run 1, ók í ǫngvan krók ‘drove into a tight spot’, does not seem to help. Sveinbjörn Egilsson suggested a reference to anchoring a ship, i.e. completing a journey; Finnur Jónsson (Hkr 1893-1901, IV, 235) cited this but himself suggested reference to hanging something that is completed on a hook. ÍF 28, ÍF 29, Hkr 1991 and Andersson and Gade take the emphasis to be especially on ceasing warfare (the starf), and Finlay (2004, 217) translates ‘hung up hostility’.

fylkir ‘The ruler’

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fylkir (noun m.): leader

kennings

Hǫrða ‘of the Hǫrðar’

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Hǫrðar (noun m.): the Hǫrðar

kennings

friðr ‘peace’

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friðr (noun m.): peace

namsk ‘took hold’

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1. nema (verb): to take

ár ‘year’

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2. ár (noun n.; °-s; -): year, year’s abundance

it ‘the’

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2. inn (art.): the

þriðja ‘third’

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þriði (num. ordinal): third

[2] þriðja: ‘þriðia et j’ Hr

rendr ‘shields’

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rǫnd (noun f.; °dat. -/-u; rendr/randir): shield, shield-rim

notes

[3] rendr ‘shields’: (a) Rǫnd f. ‘shield’ normally has a disyllabic nom. pl. randir, but it is also among the nouns which can alternatively have monosyllabic, i-mutating nom. plurals (ANG §392). The monosyllabic form is also required in Anon Krm 9/2^VIII. The reading rendr ‘shields’ is adopted in all recent eds and translations. (b) Finnur Jónsson emended rendr (all mss) to rend, on grounds that rendr does not occur so early as this (Hkr 1893, IV, 235; also Kock in Skald and NN). This would be n. nom. pl. p. p. from renna ‘make run, impel’ qualifying stl ‘steel weapons’, hence rennd stl bitu ‘steel weapons, impelled, bit’.

bitu ‘had bitten’

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bíta (verb; °bítr; beit, bitu; bitinn): bite

stôl ‘steel weapons’

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1. stál (noun n.; °-s; -): steel, weapon, prow

[3] stôl: hart FskBˣ

fyr ‘by’

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fyr (prep.): for, over, because of, etc.

strǫndu ‘the shore’

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strǫnd (noun f.; °strandar, dat. -u/-; strandir/strendr): beach, shore

starf ‘the task’

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starf (noun n.; °-s; *-): exertion, task, trouble

[4] starf: ‘stanf’ E

notes

[1, 4] fœrði starf til króks ‘brought the task to completion’: Starf could mean either ‘work, task’ in general, or more specifically ‘fighting’, as attested in Sigv Víkv 7/8^I, Þorm Þorgdr 1/1^V and elsewhere. Fœra til króks contextually seems to mean ‘complete, finish’, and there is a general consensus about this, but the exact sense is obscure. Krókr ‘hook, bend’ has multiple applications, including everyday objects and landscape features, but the present usage does not match any recorded idiom, and Þjóðolfr’s semi-figurative usage in his Run 1, ók í ǫngvan krók ‘drove into a tight spot’, does not seem to help. Sveinbjörn Egilsson suggested a reference to anchoring a ship, i.e. completing a journey; Finnur Jónsson (Hkr 1893-1901, IV, 235) cited this but himself suggested reference to hanging something that is completed on a hook. ÍF 28, ÍF 29, Hkr 1991 and Andersson and Gade take the emphasis to be especially on ceasing warfare (the starf), and Finlay (2004, 217) translates ‘hung up hostility’.

til ‘to’

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til (prep.): to

notes

[1, 4] fœrði starf til króks ‘brought the task to completion’: Starf could mean either ‘work, task’ in general, or more specifically ‘fighting’, as attested in Sigv Víkv 7/8^I, Þorm Þorgdr 1/1^V and elsewhere. Fœra til króks contextually seems to mean ‘complete, finish’, and there is a general consensus about this, but the exact sense is obscure. Krókr ‘hook, bend’ has multiple applications, including everyday objects and landscape features, but the present usage does not match any recorded idiom, and Þjóðolfr’s semi-figurative usage in his Run 1, ók í ǫngvan krók ‘drove into a tight spot’, does not seem to help. Sveinbjörn Egilsson suggested a reference to anchoring a ship, i.e. completing a journey; Finnur Jónsson (Hkr 1893-1901, IV, 235) cited this but himself suggested reference to hanging something that is completed on a hook. ÍF 28, ÍF 29, Hkr 1991 and Andersson and Gade take the emphasis to be especially on ceasing warfare (the starf), and Finlay (2004, 217) translates ‘hung up hostility’.

króks ‘completion’

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krókr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i/-; -ar): hook

notes

[1, 4] fœrði starf til króks ‘brought the task to completion’: Starf could mean either ‘work, task’ in general, or more specifically ‘fighting’, as attested in Sigv Víkv 7/8^I, Þorm Þorgdr 1/1^V and elsewhere. Fœra til króks contextually seems to mean ‘complete, finish’, and there is a general consensus about this, but the exact sense is obscure. Krókr ‘hook, bend’ has multiple applications, including everyday objects and landscape features, but the present usage does not match any recorded idiom, and Þjóðolfr’s semi-figurative usage in his Run 1, ók í ǫngvan krók ‘drove into a tight spot’, does not seem to help. Sveinbjörn Egilsson suggested a reference to anchoring a ship, i.e. completing a journey; Finnur Jónsson (Hkr 1893-1901, IV, 235) cited this but himself suggested reference to hanging something that is completed on a hook. ÍF 28, ÍF 29, Hkr 1991 and Andersson and Gade take the emphasis to be especially on ceasing warfare (the starf), and Finlay (2004, 217) translates ‘hung up hostility’.

at ‘’

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3. at (prep.): at, to

notes

[4] at hvarfi ‘finally’: Hvarf n. has a range of meanings including ‘disappearance, refuge, headland’ and it occurs in the idiom vesa at hvarfi ‘give support’, but as with til króks the idiom here has not been identified, though the obvious sense, ‘finally’, has been generally accepted. There is, moreover, dispute as to which cl. the phrase belongs. Finnur Jónsson in Hkr 1893-1901 and Skj B favoured taking it with l. 2, but others (including Kock in NN §§806, 862) with ll. 1 and 4, as also here.

hvarfi ‘finally’

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hvarf (noun n.; °; *-): disappearance

notes

[4] at hvarfi ‘finally’: Hvarf n. has a range of meanings including ‘disappearance, refuge, headland’ and it occurs in the idiom vesa at hvarfi ‘give support’, but as with til króks the idiom here has not been identified, though the obvious sense, ‘finally’, has been generally accepted. There is, moreover, dispute as to which cl. the phrase belongs. Finnur Jónsson in Hkr 1893-1901 and Skj B favoured taking it with l. 2, but others (including Kock in NN §§806, 862) with ll. 1 and 4, as also here.