ÞjóðA Magn 4II
Diana Whaley (ed.) 2009, ‘Þjóðólfr Arnórsson, Stanzas about Magnús Óláfsson in Danaveldi 4’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 91-2.
Spurði ‘learned’
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spyrja (verb; spurði): ask; hear, find out
einu ‘in a single’
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2. einn (pron.; °decl. cf. einn num.): one, alone
orði ‘word’
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orð (noun n.; °-s; -): word
ǫld ‘men’
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ǫld (noun f.; °; aldir): people, age
blóð ‘blood’
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blóð (noun n.; °-s): blood < blóðroðinn (adj.): blood-reddened
roðna ‘reddened’
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roðinn (adj.): reddened < blóðroðinn (adj.): blood-reddened
[2] ‑roðna: ‘roða’ 39, ‑rauða F, E, J2ˣ, Hr
skjǫldu ‘shields’
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skjǫldr (noun m.; °skjaldar/skildar, dat. skildi; skildir, acc. skjǫldu): shield
satts ‘it is true’
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2. sannr (adj.; °-an; compar. -ari, superl. -astr): true
at ‘that’
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4. at (conj.): that
svá ‘so’
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svá (adv.): so, thus
notes
[3] svá ‘so’: (a) This may simply be an intensifier to mǫrg ‘many’, as assumed here (and in NN §852). (b) Finnur Jónsson takes it with spurði ‘learned’ in l. 1, translating ‘thus’ (således, Hkr 1893-1901, IV, så Skj B). (c) ÍF 28 suggests the sense ‘also’ (einnig), and reads svá átti mǫrg ǫld blóðroðna skjǫldu ‘many men also had blood-reddened shields [as well as standards]’ (Hkr 1991 similar).
mǫrg ‘many’
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2. margr (adj.; °-an): many
átti ‘had’
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2. eiga (verb; °á/eigr (præs. pl. 3. pers. eigu/eiga); átti, áttu; átt): own, have
Selunds ‘in Sjælland’
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Selund (noun n.): Zealand, Sjælland
[4] Selunds: ‘selunnz’ E, J2ˣ, selund H, Hr
mær ‘The maiden’
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mær (noun f.; °meyjar, dat. meyju; meyjar): maiden
notes
[4] hverr bæri vé ‘who carried the standard’: The sense of this could be literal, referring to a famous standard-bearer or possibly to Magnús himself in this role, or it could be figurative, perhaps ‘who was victorious’ (cf. ÞjóðA Magnfl 19/6-8 berr hann hæri skjǫld ‘he bears the higher shield’), or ‘who the enemies were’ (as suggested in ÍF 28; cf. Hkr 1991).
vé ‘the standard’
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2. vé (noun n.; °; -): banner, standard
[4] hverr vé: hvé H, hver hvé Hr
notes
[4] hverr bæri vé ‘who carried the standard’: The sense of this could be literal, referring to a famous standard-bearer or possibly to Magnús himself in this role, or it could be figurative, perhaps ‘who was victorious’ (cf. ÞjóðA Magnfl 19/6-8 berr hann hæri skjǫld ‘he bears the higher shield’), or ‘who the enemies were’ (as suggested in ÍF 28; cf. Hkr 1991).
bæri ‘carried’
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3. bera (verb; °berr; bar, báru; borinn): bear, carry
notes
[4] hverr bæri vé ‘who carried the standard’: The sense of this could be literal, referring to a famous standard-bearer or possibly to Magnús himself in this role, or it could be figurative, perhaps ‘who was victorious’ (cf. ÞjóðA Magnfl 19/6-8 berr hann hæri skjǫld ‘he bears the higher shield’), or ‘who the enemies were’ (as suggested in ÍF 28; cf. Hkr 1991).
Auð ‘For the wealth’
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1. auðr (noun m.; °-s/-ar, dat. -i/-): wealth < auðtróða (noun f.)
[5] Auðtróðu varð auðit: aur trðu vér áðan E, J2ˣ
kennings
Auðtróðu‘For the wealth-pole ’
= WOMAN
For the wealth-pole → WOMAN
notes
[5] auðtróðu varð auðit ‘for the wealth-pole [WOMAN] her lot was’: The variant reading in E, J2ˣ aur trðu vér áðan ‘we trod the mud before’ makes sense in itself but not in the context of the st.
tróðu ‘pole’
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tróða (noun f.; °-u): stick < auðtróða (noun f.)
[5] Auðtróðu varð auðit: aur trðu vér áðan E, J2ˣ
kennings
Auðtróðu‘For the wealth-pole ’
= WOMAN
For the wealth-pole → WOMAN
notes
[5] auðtróðu varð auðit ‘for the wealth-pole [WOMAN] her lot was’: The variant reading in E, J2ˣ aur trðu vér áðan ‘we trod the mud before’ makes sense in itself but not in the context of the st.
varð ‘was’
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1. verða (verb): become, be
[5] Auðtróðu varð auðit: aur trðu vér áðan E, J2ˣ
notes
[5] auðtróðu varð auðit ‘for the wealth-pole [WOMAN] her lot was’: The variant reading in E, J2ˣ aur trðu vér áðan ‘we trod the mud before’ makes sense in itself but not in the context of the st.
auðit ‘lot’
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auðinn (adj.; °compar. auðnari): fated, decreed
[5] Auðtróðu varð auðit: aur trðu vér áðan E, J2ˣ
notes
[5] auðtróðu varð auðit ‘for the wealth-pole [WOMAN] her lot was’: The variant reading in E, J2ˣ aur trðu vér áðan ‘we trod the mud before’ makes sense in itself but not in the context of the st.
yfir ‘through’
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yfir (prep.): over
of ‘’
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3. of (prep.): around, from; too
skóg ‘the forest’
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skógr (noun m.; °-ar/-s, dat. -i; -ar): forest
títt ‘speedily’
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2. tíðr (adj.; °compar. tíðari, superl. tíðastr): popular
bar ‘took’
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3. bera (verb; °berr; bar, báru; borinn): bear, carry
flótti ‘fugitives’
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flótti (noun m.): flight, fleeing
til ‘to’
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til (prep.): to
Hring ‘Ring’
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1. hringr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -; -ar): ring; sword < Hringstaðir (noun m.)
[8] Hring‑: hrings E, Hr
staða ‘sted’
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1. staðr (noun m.; °-ar/-s; -ir): place < Hringstaðir (noun m.)
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
Magnús and his forces pursue Sveinn and his men into Sjælland (Selund, Zealand), killing those they catch.
[1-4]: (a) The arrangement adopted above is necessary since the obvious assumption that ǫld ‘men’ (l. 2) is the subject of spurði ‘learned’ (l. 1) would, among other things, leave átti ‘had, owned’ (l. 3) without a subject. (b) As a variant on this interpretation, satts, at svá mǫrg ‘it is true that so many / it is true that, thus, many’ could be taken with the outer cl. in ll. 1 and 4, bringing mǫrg mær ‘many a maiden’ together, rather than with the rest of ll. 2-3. This is adopted by Finnur Jónsson in Skj B, though the result is a somewhat more disjointed helmingr, against which Kock reacts in Skald and NN §§852, 2028, with ÍF 28 and Hkr 1991 following.
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