Edith Marold (ed.) 2012, ‘Þorbjǫrn hornklofi, Glymdrápa 9’ in Diana Whaley (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 1: From Mythical Times to c. 1035. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 1. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 90.
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koma (verb; kem, kom/kvam, kominn): come < koma (verb): come
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-at (particle): (neg. suffix) < koma (verb): come
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þú (pron.; °gen. þín, dat. þér, acc. þik): you
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né (conj.): nor
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œðri (adj. comp.): nobler, higher
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1. annarr (pron.; °f. ǫnnur, n. annat; pl. aðrir): (an)other, second
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konungr (noun m.; °dat. -i, -s; -ar): king < konungmaðr (noun m.): king
[2] konungmanna: so 761aˣ, konunga Flat
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maðr (noun m.): man, person < konungmaðr (noun m.): king
[2] konungmanna: so 761aˣ, konunga Flat
[3-4] und gamlan gnapstól sólar ‘under the old jutting seat of the sun [SKY/HEAVEN]’: The description of the sky or heaven as ‘old’ might imply an image of the end of the world , especially since the topos of the ruler being beyond comparison (see Holtsmark 1927, 53-4; Marold 1993c, 103-4) found in this stanza is connected with the end of the world in other skaldic poetry: as long as the world endures, no better ruler will appear. The most closely related passage may be Hfr ErfÓl 27/1-4, while Eyv Hák 20/1-3 expresses incomparability by using a different (pagan) vision of the end of the world.
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gjǫfli (noun f.): generosity, munificence
[3] rœmðr gjǫfli ‘renowned for generosity’: This can be regarded as appealing to the ruler’s generosity, and as such argues for placing the stanza at the end of the poem; see Holtsmark (1927, 53).
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-rœmðr (adj.): [renowned]
[3] rœmðr gjǫfli ‘renowned for generosity’: This can be regarded as appealing to the ruler’s generosity, and as such argues for placing the stanza at the end of the poem; see Holtsmark (1927, 53).
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3. und (prep.): under, underneath
[3-4] und gamlan gnapstól sólar ‘under the old jutting seat of the sun [SKY/HEAVEN]’: The description of the sky or heaven as ‘old’ might imply an image of the end of the world , especially since the topos of the ruler being beyond comparison (see Holtsmark 1927, 53-4; Marold 1993c, 103-4) found in this stanza is connected with the end of the world in other skaldic poetry: as long as the world endures, no better ruler will appear. The most closely related passage may be Hfr ErfÓl 27/1-4, while Eyv Hák 20/1-3 expresses incomparability by using a different (pagan) vision of the end of the world.
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gamall (adj.; °gamlan; compar. & superl. ellri adj.): old
[3-4] und gamlan gnapstól sólar ‘under the old jutting seat of the sun [SKY/HEAVEN]’: The description of the sky or heaven as ‘old’ might imply an image of the end of the world , especially since the topos of the ruler being beyond comparison (see Holtsmark 1927, 53-4; Marold 1993c, 103-4) found in this stanza is connected with the end of the world in other skaldic poetry: as long as the world endures, no better ruler will appear. The most closely related passage may be Hfr ErfÓl 27/1-4, while Eyv Hák 20/1-3 expresses incomparability by using a different (pagan) vision of the end of the world.
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gnapa (verb): bend forward, tower < gnapstóll (noun m.)
[3-4] und gamlan gnapstól sólar ‘under the old jutting seat of the sun [SKY/HEAVEN]’: The description of the sky or heaven as ‘old’ might imply an image of the end of the world , especially since the topos of the ruler being beyond comparison (see Holtsmark 1927, 53-4; Marold 1993c, 103-4) found in this stanza is connected with the end of the world in other skaldic poetry: as long as the world endures, no better ruler will appear. The most closely related passage may be Hfr ErfÓl 27/1-4, while Eyv Hák 20/1-3 expresses incomparability by using a different (pagan) vision of the end of the world.
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1. stóll (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i/-; -ar): seat, throne < gnapstóll (noun m.)
[3-4] und gamlan gnapstól sólar ‘under the old jutting seat of the sun [SKY/HEAVEN]’: The description of the sky or heaven as ‘old’ might imply an image of the end of the world , especially since the topos of the ruler being beyond comparison (see Holtsmark 1927, 53-4; Marold 1993c, 103-4) found in this stanza is connected with the end of the world in other skaldic poetry: as long as the world endures, no better ruler will appear. The most closely related passage may be Hfr ErfÓl 27/1-4, while Eyv Hák 20/1-3 expresses incomparability by using a different (pagan) vision of the end of the world.
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Haraldr (noun m.): Haraldr
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sól (noun f.; °-ar, dat. -u/-; -ir): sun
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sól (noun f.; °-ar, dat. -u/-; -ir): sun
[4] sólar: sóla Flat, 761aˣ
[3-4] und gamlan gnapstól sólar ‘under the old jutting seat of the sun [SKY/HEAVEN]’: The description of the sky or heaven as ‘old’ might imply an image of the end of the world , especially since the topos of the ruler being beyond comparison (see Holtsmark 1927, 53-4; Marold 1993c, 103-4) found in this stanza is connected with the end of the world in other skaldic poetry: as long as the world endures, no better ruler will appear. The most closely related passage may be Hfr ErfÓl 27/1-4, while Eyv Hák 20/1-3 expresses incomparability by using a different (pagan) vision of the end of the world.
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
In HarHárf in Flat these four lines comprise the first helmingr of a stanza of which the second helmingr is ll. 1-4 of st. 5. The stanza appears following st. 3; see Context to st. 3.
The content of the stanza, praise addressed directly to the king, differs from that of other stanzas of Gldr. It may be the stef ‘refrain’ of the drápa (Vogt 1930a, 172; Engster 1983, 204; Naumann 1998, 239), or it may be a grand finale as in Skj, Skald and this edn (on this see Holtsmark 1927, 53). Fidjestøl (1982, 191) also considers whether the stanza might properly appear at the beginning and offers Arn Hryn 3II for comparison. This is unlikely, however, because the stanza lacks the typical motifs of introductory stanzas, such as a call for a hearing or an announcement of a poem.
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