Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2009, ‘Þorleikr fagri, Flokkr about Sveinn Úlfsson 4’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 316.
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fjǫrr (noun m.): life
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munu (verb): will, must
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fleiri (adj. comp.; °superl. flestr): more, most
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fengr (noun m.; °-jar/-s, dat. -/-i): loot < fengsæll (adj.)
[2] feng‑: so 51ˣ, FskAˣ, fengs FskBˣ
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sæll (adj.): happy, blessed < fengsæll (adj.)
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Danr (noun m.; °dat. -; -ir): Dane
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þengill (noun m.): prince, ruler
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4. reiðr (adj.; °superl. -astr): angry
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hafa (verb): have
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hann (pron.; °gen. hans, dat. honum; f. hon, gen. hennar, acc. hana): he, she, it, they, them...
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fyr (prep.): for, over, because of, etc.
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hauðr (noun n.): earth, ground
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hábrynjaðr (adj.): armoured
[4] hábrynjuð skip synja: hafbrim viðr skip symja FskAˣ
[4] hábrynjuð ‘armoured’: Falk (1912, 38) believes that this refers to the practice of equipping the prows of warships with metal plates or stripes. Following Malmros (1985, 101), Jesch (2001a, 157-9) argues that the adj. hábrynjaðr denotes a row of shields protecting oarlocks or rowing-stations (há- ‘oarlock’). See also Notes to ÞjóðA Har 5/7, Steinn Óldr 13/4 and Bǫlv Hardr 2/4.
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skip (noun n.; °-s; -): ship
[4] hábrynjuð skip synja: hafbrim viðr skip symja FskAˣ
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1. synja (verb): refuse
[4] hábrynjuð skip synja: hafbrim viðr skip symja FskAˣ
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1. húnn (noun m.; °; húnar): knob < húnferill (noun m.): [mast-top track]
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1. húnn (noun m.; °; húnar): knob < húnferill (noun m.): [mast-top track]
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ferill (noun m.; °dat. ferli): route, track < húnferill (noun m.): [mast-top track]
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ferill (noun m.; °dat. ferli): route, track < húnferill (noun m.): [mast-top track]
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1. hreinn (noun m.; °; hreinar): reindeer
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hlunnr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): roller < hlunntamiðr (adj./verb p.p.)
[6] hlunntamðra (m. gen. pl.) ‘roller-tamed’: Hlunnr was a wooden roller used to support a ship standing on land or part of a slip-way used for launching ships. The image here is that of reindeer (of the sea) tamed to step on or rest among rollers, i.e. of a ship being beached or launched.
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tamiðr (adj./verb p.p.): accustomed, tamed < hlunntamiðr (adj./verb p.p.)
[6] ‑tamðra: so FskAˣ, tamða FskBˣ, 51ˣ
[6] hlunntamðra (m. gen. pl.) ‘roller-tamed’: Hlunnr was a wooden roller used to support a ship standing on land or part of a slip-way used for launching ships. The image here is that of reindeer (of the sea) tamed to step on or rest among rollers, i.e. of a ship being beached or launched.
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2. reka (verb): drive, force
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sunnan (adv.): (from the) south
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2. við (prep.): with, against
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Hǫrðar (noun m.): the Hǫrðar
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1. gramr (noun m.): ruler
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harðr (adj.; °comp. -ari; superl. -astr): hard, harsh
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hundrað (noun n.; °-s; hundruð/-): hundred
[8] hundruð: so 51ˣ, hundrað FskBˣ, FskAˣ
[8] hundruð (n. acc. pl.) ‘hundred’: Rarely, the n. noun hundrað is used as an indeclinable adj., which explains the variant hundrað (so FskBˣ, FskAˣ; see ANG §452 and Anm.). The numeral most likely denotes the ‘long hundred’ (= 120), and ‘six hundred ships’ would be more accurately rendered as ‘720 ships’.
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til (prep.): to
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fundr (noun m.): discovery, meeting
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
Fjǫrs man flestum hersi |
The booty-blessed lord of the Danes [DANISH KING = Sveinn] may deny life to most hersar—enraged, he has armoured ships before the land—, if he steers six hundred roller-tamed reindeer of the mast-top track [SEA > SHIPS] from the south to the encounter with the harsh ruler of the Hǫrðar [NORWEGIAN KING = Haraldr].
As sts 2-3 above.
[4]: The l. echoes Steinn Óldr 13/4. The FskAˣ variant hafbrim viðr skip symja ‘sea-breakers drift against the ship[s]’ is clearly secondary.
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