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Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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Þfagr Sveinn 2II

Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2009, ‘Þorleikr fagri, Flokkr about Sveinn Úlfsson 2’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 314-15.

Þorleikr fagriFlokkr about Sveinn Úlfsson
123

Vôn ‘there is an expectation’

(not checked:)
ván (noun f.; °-ar, dat. -/-u; -ir): hope, expectation

[1] Vôn: Vann Flat

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erumk ‘I believe’

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2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am

[1] erumk: ‘ę. med’ Flat, erumsk H, er at Kˣ, 39, F, J2ˣ

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vísa ‘ruler’

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vísi (noun m.; °-a): leader

[1] vísa: vísi Flat, vápna E

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kœnum ‘for the wise’

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2. kœnn (adj.; °superl. kǿnstr/kǿnastr): wise, skilful

[1] kœnum: ‘kæn[…]’ H, kœnan Kˣ, 39, F, J2ˣ, raunar E

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vígs ‘of battle’

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víg (noun n.; °-s; -): battle

[2] vígs á Rakna: ‘[…]aka’ H

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á ‘on’

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3. á (prep.): on, at

[2] vígs á Rakna: ‘[…]aka’ H

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Rakna ‘Rakni’s’

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Rakni (noun m.): Rakni

[2] vígs á Rakna: ‘[…]aka’ H;    Rakna: ‘raka’ Hr

kennings

stígu Rakna,
‘Rakni’s paths, ’
   = SEA

Rakni’s paths, → SEA
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stígu ‘paths’

(not checked:)
1. stígr (noun m.; °dat. -; -ar/-ir, acc. -a/-u): path

[2] stígu: stígum E

kennings

stígu Rakna,
‘Rakni’s paths, ’
   = SEA

Rakni’s paths, → SEA

notes

[2] stígu (m. acc. pl.) ‘paths’: Because there is no overt motion involved, we should have expected the prep. á ‘on’ to take the dat. here. Skj B and Skald accordingly adopt the E variant stígum (m. dat. pl.) ‘paths’. However, all other mss have the acc., and it is possible that a verb of motion is implied (‘as he sets off to sea’: cf. st. 3/3 below).

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ǫrr ‘the brave one’

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ǫrr (adj.): generous, brave

[3] ǫrr: ǫrt Kˣ, 39, F, J2ˣ

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í ‘in’

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í (prep.): in, into

[3] í: at E

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odda ‘of spear-points’

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oddr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): point of weapon

kennings

snerru odda.
‘the onslaught of spear-points. ’
   = BATTLE

the onslaught of spear-points. → BATTLE
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snerru ‘the onslaught’

(not checked:)
1. snerra (noun f.; °-u): onslaught

[3] snerru: snertu Kˣ, 39, F, J2ˣ

kennings

snerru odda.
‘the onslaught of spear-points. ’
   = BATTLE

the onslaught of spear-points. → BATTLE
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Innþrœnda ‘of Innþrœndir’

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innþrœndr (noun m.): one of the Innþrœndir

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lið ‘the host’

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lið (noun n.; °-s; -): retinue, troop

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finni ‘will meet’

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2. finna (verb): find, meet

[4] finni: minna FskAˣ

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Þó ‘Yet’

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þó (adv.): though

[5] Þó: þá Flat, 39, F, því FskBˣ, þar FskAˣ, Kˣ, J2ˣ

notes

[5] þó ‘yet’: The other variants, því (n. dat. sg. as the object of valda: ‘God can decide it’; so FskBˣ), þar ‘there’ (so FskAˣ, , J2ˣ) and þá ‘then’ (so 39, F, Flat), are also possible readings. Þó has been selected here because it has support from Mork and some Hkr mss.

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‘can’

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mega (verb): may, might

[5] enn: ‘er annar’ Flat;    má: man FskAˣ

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enn ‘again’

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2. enn (adv.): still, yet, again

[5] enn: ‘er annar’ Flat

notes

[5] enn ‘again’: Skj B takes this adv. with nemr (3rd pers. sg. pres. indic.) ‘deprives’ (l. 6) and translates it as ‘eventually’ (hvem der endelig berøver den anden liv eller rige ‘which one will eventually deprive the other of life or lands’). However, enn is not attested in that meaning (see Fritzner: enn; LP: enn).

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hvárr ‘which one’

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hvárr (pron.): who, which, what, whether

[5] hvárr: ‘hværr’ FskBˣ

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annan ‘the other’

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1. annarr (pron.; °f. ǫnnur, n. annat; pl. aðrir): (an)other, second

[5] annan: annar Hr

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ǫndu ‘of life’

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2. ǫnd (noun f.; °andar, dat. ǫnd/ǫndu; andir): soul, breath

[6] ǫndu: ‘[…]do’ H, 39, ‘endu’ Hr

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nemr ‘will deprive’

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1. nema (verb): to take

[6] nemr: so Flat, H, FskBˣ, FskAˣ, Kˣ, 39, F, E, J2ˣ, ‘nemþr’ Mork, nærr Hr

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eða ‘or’

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eða (conj.): or

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lǫndum ‘lands’

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land (noun n.; °-s; *-): land

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lítt ‘little’

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lítill (adj.; °lítinn): little

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hyggr ‘cares’

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2. hyggja (verb): think, consider

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Sveinn ‘Sveinn’

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2. Sveinn (noun m.): Sveinn

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á ‘for’

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3. á (prep.): on, at

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sáttir ‘agreements’

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sátt (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): settlement

[7] sáttir: sættir H, Hr, FskBˣ, FskAˣ

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sjaldfestar ‘shaky’

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sjaldfestr (adj.): [shaky]

notes

[8] sjaldfestar ‘shaky’: Lit. ‘seldom-firm’. Hap. leg.

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goð ‘God’

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1. guð (noun m.; °***guðrs, guðis, gus): (Christian) God

[8] goð: grið FskAˣ

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valda ‘decide’

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valda (verb): cause

[8] valda: valdi Hr

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Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses

Sveinn Úlfsson sent envoys to Haraldr harðráði of Norway challenging him to a battle by the Götaälv in Sweden. The one who won the battle would have the right to rule Norway and Denmark. Fsk gives sts 2-5 without intervening prose.

[1-4]: The Hkr text of the first helmingr is syntactically simpler: vns, at ǫrt lið Innþrœnda finni vísa, kœnan vígs, í snertu odda á stígu Rakna ‘it is to be expected that the brave host of Innþrœndir will meet the ruler, wise in battle, in the onslaught of spear-points on Rakni’s paths’. The Hkr version has been adopted in Skj B, Skald and ÍF 28.

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