ÞSkegg Hardr 1II
Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2009, ‘Þórarinn Skeggjason, Haraldsdrápa 1’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 294-5.
Náði ‘obtained’
(not checked:)
1. ná (verb): reach, get, manage
gørr ‘even’
(not checked:)
2. gǫrr (adv.): even
notes
[1] enn gørr ‘even more’: Lit. ‘still more completely’. The adv. enn is taken as an intensifier to the comp. adv. gørr ‘more’. Skj B treats en(n) as the conjunction ‘but’ and gørr (gǫrr) as an adj. (m. nom. sg.) qualifying jǫfurr (l. 2) (gǫrr jǫfurr translated as den raske konge ‘the brave king’). That interpretation entails the prepositioning of the finite verb náði ‘gained’ in the bound cl. beginning with en, which is not possible (see Kuhn, 1983, 203; NN §879).
enn ‘more’
(not checked:)
2. enn (adv.): still, yet, again
notes
[1] enn gørr ‘even more’: Lit. ‘still more completely’. The adv. enn is taken as an intensifier to the comp. adv. gørr ‘more’. Skj B treats en(n) as the conjunction ‘but’ and gørr (gǫrr) as an adj. (m. nom. sg.) qualifying jǫfurr (l. 2) (gǫrr jǫfurr translated as den raske konge ‘the brave king’). That interpretation entails the prepositioning of the finite verb náði ‘gained’ in the bound cl. beginning with en, which is not possible (see Kuhn, 1983, 203; NN §879).
kennings
glóðum handa;‘embers of the hands; ’
= GOLD
embers of the hands; → GOLD
Grikk ‘of’
(not checked:)
grikkr (noun m.): Greek < Grikkland (noun n.)
[2] Grikk‑: grik‑ 39, FskBˣ, Mork, H, Hr, girk‑ FskAˣ
kennings
stólþengill Grikklands‘the emperor of Greece ’
= Michael Kalaphates
the emperor of Greece → Michael Kalaphates
lands ‘Greece’
(not checked:)
land (noun n.; °-s; *-): land < Grikkland (noun n.)
kennings
stólþengill Grikklands‘the emperor of Greece ’
= Michael Kalaphates
the emperor of Greece → Michael Kalaphates
jǫfurr ‘The prince’
(not checked:)
jǫfurr (noun m.): ruler, prince
handa ‘of the hands’
(not checked:)
hǫnd (noun f.; °handar, dat. hendi; hendr (hendir StatPáll³ 752¹²)): hand
kennings
glóðum handa;‘embers of the hands; ’
= GOLD
embers of the hands; → GOLD
stól ‘the emperor’
(not checked:)
1. stóll (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i/-; -ar): seat, throne < stólþengill (noun m.)
kennings
stólþengill Grikklands‘the emperor of Greece ’
= Michael Kalaphates
the emperor of Greece → Michael Kalaphates
notes
[3] stólþengill ‘emperor’: Lit. ‘chair-’ or ‘throne-lord’. According to Sigfús Blöndal (1978, 3, 177) the term stólþengill (or stólkonungr ‘chair-’ or ‘throne-king’) is the Scandinavian version of Russian stolnyi knyazi ‘great princes’.
þengill ‘’
(not checked:)
þengill (noun m.): prince, ruler < stólþengill (noun m.)
[3] ‑þengill: þengils Hr
kennings
stólþengill Grikklands‘the emperor of Greece ’
= Michael Kalaphates
the emperor of Greece → Michael Kalaphates
notes
[3] stólþengill ‘emperor’: Lit. ‘chair-’ or ‘throne-lord’. According to Sigfús Blöndal (1978, 3, 177) the term stólþengill (or stólkonungr ‘chair-’ or ‘throne-king’) is the Scandinavian version of Russian stolnyi knyazi ‘great princes’.
strǫngu ‘from the violent’
(not checked:)
strangr (adj.): strong
stein ‘stone’
(not checked:)
steinn (noun m.; °steins; steinar): stone, colour < steinblindr (adj.)
blindr ‘blind’
(not checked:)
blindr (adj.; °compar. -ari): blind < steinblindr (adj.)
aðal ‘major’
(not checked:)
aðal- ((prefix)): [major] < aðalmein (noun n.)
meini ‘ injury’
(not checked:)
mein (noun n.; °-s; -): harm, injury < aðalmein (noun n.)
[4] ‑meini: ‘‑meni’ Mork
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
The st. describes the blinding of the Byzantine emperor Michael V Kalaphates by Haraldr harðráði (and his men?).
For this event, see ÞjóðA Sex 7-8, Valg Har 4, ÍF 28, 87-8 n. 1 and Sigfús Blöndal 1978, 93-5. Sex 7-8 mention explicitly that Haraldr himself blinded Michael. According to contemporary Byzantine sources (cited in Sigfús Blöndal 1978, 93), the emperor was blinded by ‘brave men who did not shrink from anything’, a description that fits Haraldr and his men well. Emperor Michael and his uncle, Constantine, were blinded in public on 21 April 1042.
Stanza/chapter/text segment
Use the buttons at the top of the page to navigate between stanzas in a poem.
Information tab
- text: if the stanza has been published, the edited text of the stanza and translation are here; if it hasn't been published an old edition (usually Skj) is given for reference
- sources: a list of the manuscripts or inscriptions containing this stanza, with page and line references and links (eye button) to images where available, and transcription where available
- readings: a list of variant manuscript readings of words in the main text
- editions and texts: a list of editions of the stanza with links to the bibliography; and a list of prose works in which the stanza occurs, allowing you to navigate within the prose context
- notes and context: notes not linked to individual words are given here, along with the account of the prose context for the stanza, where relevant
Interactive tab
The text and translation are given here, with buttons to toggle whether the text is shown in the verse order or prose word order. Clicking on indiviudal words gives dictionary links, variant readings, kennings and notes, where relevant.
Full text tab
This is the text of the edition in a similar format to how the edition appears in the printed volumes.
Chapter/text segment
This view is also used for chapters and other text segments. Not all the headings shown are relevant to such sections.