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skaldic

Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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ÞKolb Eirdr 14I

Jayne Carroll (ed.) 2012, ‘Þórðr Kolbeinsson, Eiríksdrápa 14’ in Diana Whaley (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 1: From Mythical Times to c. 1035. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 1. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 508.

Þórðr KolbeinssonEiríksdrápa
131415

Goll ‘The gold’

(not checked:)
gull (noun n.): gold < gullkennir (noun m.): [gold-master]

[1] Gollkennir: ‘Gullkennr’ J1ˣ, golls kennir 325V, Tóm

kennings

Gollkennir
‘The gold-master ’
   = GENEROUS MAN = Eiríkr

The gold-master → GENEROUS MAN = Eiríkr
Close

kennir ‘’

(not checked:)
kennir (noun m.): teacher

Close

golls ‘’

(not checked:)
gull (noun n.): gold

Close

Gullkennr ‘’

(not checked:)
gullkennr (adj.)

Close

lézk ‘’

(not checked:)
láta (verb): let, have sth done

Close

lézk ‘’

(not checked:)
láta (verb): let, have sth done

Close

kennir ‘master’

(not checked:)
kennir (noun m.): teacher < gullkennir (noun m.): [gold-master]

[1] Gollkennir: ‘Gullkennr’ J1ˣ, golls kennir 325V, Tóm

kennings

Gollkennir
‘The gold-master ’
   = GENEROUS MAN = Eiríkr

The gold-master → GENEROUS MAN = Eiríkr
Close

gúni ‘’

Close

golli ‘’

(not checked:)
gull (noun n.): gold

Close

lét ‘joined’

(not checked:)
láta (verb): let, have sth done

[1] lét: lézk R686ˣ, lézk þú 61(81ra)

Close

grudiz ‘’

Close

gunni ‘battle’

(not checked:)
gunnr (noun f.): battle

[1] gunni: ‘gúni’ R686ˣ, golli 61(81ra)

Close

grœðis ‘of the sea’

(not checked:)
grœðir (noun m.): ?healer, ?ocean

[2] grœðis: ‘grvdiz’ J1ˣ

kennings

leyfðr Þundr hests grœðis
‘the celebrated Þundr of the horse of the sea ’
   = SEAFARER = Eiríkr

the horse of the sea → SHIP
the celebrated Þundr of the SHIP → SEAFARER = Eiríkr
Close

grœðis ‘of the sea’

(not checked:)
grœðir (noun m.): ?healer, ?ocean

[2] grœðis: ‘grvdiz’ J1ˣ

kennings

leyfðr Þundr hests grœðis
‘the celebrated Þundr of the horse of the sea ’
   = SEAFARER = Eiríkr

the horse of the sea → SHIP
the celebrated Þundr of the SHIP → SEAFARER = Eiríkr
Close

hests ‘of the horse’

(not checked:)
hestr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): horse, stallion

[2] hests: hest Holm2, R686ˣ, 972ˣ, J1ˣ, J2ˣ, 73aˣ, 78aˣ, 75c, Bb(128ra), Tóm, 54, Bb(106rb), Flat, 41ˣ

kennings

leyfðr Þundr hests grœðis
‘the celebrated Þundr of the horse of the sea ’
   = SEAFARER = Eiríkr

the horse of the sea → SHIP
the celebrated Þundr of the SHIP → SEAFARER = Eiríkr
Close

hests ‘of the horse’

(not checked:)
hestr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): horse, stallion

[2] hests: hest Holm2, R686ˣ, 972ˣ, J1ˣ, J2ˣ, 73aˣ, 78aˣ, 75c, Bb(128ra), Tóm, 54, Bb(106rb), Flat, 41ˣ

kennings

leyfðr Þundr hests grœðis
‘the celebrated Þundr of the horse of the sea ’
   = SEAFARER = Eiríkr

the horse of the sea → SHIP
the celebrated Þundr of the SHIP → SEAFARER = Eiríkr
Close

þýðr ‘’

(not checked:)
þýðr (adj.): kind

Close

vestan ‘west’

(not checked:)
vestan (prep.): from the west

Close

vann ‘’

(not checked:)
2. vinna (verb): perform, work

Close

Þundr ‘Þundr’

(not checked:)
Þundr (noun m.): Þundr

[3] Þundr: þýðr J1ˣ, J2ˣ, 73aˣ, 78aˣ, om. Flat

kennings

leyfðr Þundr hests grœðis
‘the celebrated Þundr of the horse of the sea ’
   = SEAFARER = Eiríkr

the horse of the sea → SHIP
the celebrated Þundr of the SHIP → SEAFARER = Eiríkr
Close

leyfur ‘’

Close

leyfr ‘’

Close

‘fighting’

(not checked:)
1. vega (verb): strike, slay

[3] vá: ‘va(nn)’(?) R686ˣ, var 78aˣ, vá apparently corrected from ‘na’ 41ˣ

Close

leyfðr ‘the celebrated’

(not checked:)
leyfðr (adj./verb p.p.): celebrated

[3] leyfðr: lýðr R686ˣ, ‘ly[…]’ R686ˣ, lýðs J1ˣ, J2ˣ, 73aˣ, 78aˣ, ‘leyfr’ JÓ, 20dˣ, 873ˣ, 20i 23ˣ, ‘leyfur’ 41ˣ

kennings

leyfðr Þundr hests grœðis
‘the celebrated Þundr of the horse of the sea ’
   = SEAFARER = Eiríkr

the horse of the sea → SHIP
the celebrated Þundr of the SHIP → SEAFARER = Eiríkr
Close

láða ‘’

(not checked:)
2. láð (noun n.): earth, land

Close

til ‘by’

(not checked:)
til (prep.): to

Close

landa ‘lands’

(not checked:)
land (noun n.; °-s; *-): land

[3] landa: láða J1ˣ, J2ˣ, 73aˣ, 78aˣ

Close

Lundún ‘of London’

(not checked:)
Lundún (noun f.): [London]

[4] Lundún: ‘lundv’ Holm2

notes

[4] Lundún ‘London’: Out of five instances of the p. n. in skaldic poetry, this is the only one in the sg. form as opposed to f. pl. Lundúnir. This supports the argument that Þórðr’s poem is not derivative of Sigv Víkv and Ótt Hfl, and therefore constitutes valid evidence for Eiríkr’s actions in England (see Note to st. 15/7). See further Townend (1998, 52-7). The Encomium Emmae (Campbell 1998, 22-3) also places Eiríkr at the siege of London. 

Close

saman ‘’

(not checked:)
saman (adv.): together

Close

reg ‘’

Close

hregg ‘’

(not checked:)
hregg (noun n.): storm

Close

Fekk ‘received’

(not checked:)
2. fá (verb; °fǽr; fekk, fengu; fenginn): get, receive

[5] Fekk: gekk 68

Close

þornis ‘’

(not checked:)
-þornir (noun m.)

Close

þoris ‘’

(not checked:)
Þórir (noun m.): Þórir

Close

þorin ‘’

(not checked:)
-þorinn (adj.): [bold, daring]

Close

regn ‘the rain’

(not checked:)
regn (noun n.; °-s; -): rain

[5] regn‑: ‘reg‑’ Bb(128ra), hregg Tóm

kennings

regn rekka Þorins
‘the rain of the men of Þorinn ’
   = POETRY

the men of Þorinn → DWARFS
the rain of DWARFS → POETRY

notes

[5] regn rekka Þorins ‘the rain of the men of Þorinn <dwarf> [DWARFS > POETRY]’: (a) Þorinn is a dwarf-name meaning ‘bold’ (see Note to Þul Dverga 4/6III), and this phrase appears to be a straightforward poetry-kenning alluding to the myth of the mead of poetry (cf. Meissner 428 and Note to Eskál Vell 1 [All]), though its pret. tense predicate rann ‘streamed, ran’ is curious. (b) Finnur Jónsson (Hkr 1893-1901; Skj B) emends rekka ‘men’ to Rǫkkva (gen. sg. of Rǫkkvi, a sea-king), combining this with rann ‘house’ to give ‘house of Rǫkkvi [SHIELD]’, and then with regn- ‘rain’ to give ‘shield-rain [BATTLE]’. Finnur combines this with the adj. þorinn ‘brave’, the reading of the Knýtl mss, 73aˣ, 78aˣ, 54 and Bb(106rb), to produce a phrasal adj. Rǫkkva rann-regnþorinn ‘battle-brave’, which qualifies Ulfkell (l. 8). Such a reading involves emendation, tmesis, and awkward word order. (c) Skald further emends rann to gen. sg. ranns, thus avoiding tmesis, but essentially retains Skj B’s adjectival interpretation.

Close

reka ‘’

(not checked:)
reki (noun m.; °-a; -ar): ruler

Close

Þorins ‘of Þorinn’

(not checked:)
Þorinn (noun m.): Þorinn

[5] ‑Þorins: ‑þorin 972ˣ, 61(81ra), 61(71vb), 53, 41ˣ, ‘‑þoris’ J1ˣ, J2ˣ, ‑þorinn 73aˣ, 78aˣ, 54, Bb(106rb), JÓ, 20dˣ, 873ˣ, 20i 23ˣ, ‘þornis’ Tóm

kennings

regn rekka Þorins
‘the rain of the men of Þorinn ’
   = POETRY

the men of Þorinn → DWARFS
the rain of DWARFS → POETRY

notes

[5] regn rekka Þorins ‘the rain of the men of Þorinn <dwarf> [DWARFS > POETRY]’: (a) Þorinn is a dwarf-name meaning ‘bold’ (see Note to Þul Dverga 4/6III), and this phrase appears to be a straightforward poetry-kenning alluding to the myth of the mead of poetry (cf. Meissner 428 and Note to Eskál Vell 1 [All]), though its pret. tense predicate rann ‘streamed, ran’ is curious. (b) Finnur Jónsson (Hkr 1893-1901; Skj B) emends rekka ‘men’ to Rǫkkva (gen. sg. of Rǫkkvi, a sea-king), combining this with rann ‘house’ to give ‘house of Rǫkkvi [SHIELD]’, and then with regn- ‘rain’ to give ‘shield-rain [BATTLE]’. Finnur combines this with the adj. þorinn ‘brave’, the reading of the Knýtl mss, 73aˣ, 78aˣ, 54 and Bb(106rb), to produce a phrasal adj. Rǫkkva rann-regnþorinn ‘battle-brave’, which qualifies Ulfkell (l. 8). Such a reading involves emendation, tmesis, and awkward word order. (c) Skald further emends rann to gen. sg. ranns, thus avoiding tmesis, but essentially retains Skj B’s adjectival interpretation.

Close

Þorins ‘of Þorinn’

(not checked:)
Þorinn (noun m.): Þorinn

[5] ‑Þorins: ‑þorin 972ˣ, 61(81ra), 61(71vb), 53, 41ˣ, ‘‑þoris’ J1ˣ, J2ˣ, ‑þorinn 73aˣ, 78aˣ, 54, Bb(106rb), JÓ, 20dˣ, 873ˣ, 20i 23ˣ, ‘þornis’ Tóm

kennings

regn rekka Þorins
‘the rain of the men of Þorinn ’
   = POETRY

the men of Þorinn → DWARFS
the rain of DWARFS → POETRY

notes

[5] regn rekka Þorins ‘the rain of the men of Þorinn <dwarf> [DWARFS > POETRY]’: (a) Þorinn is a dwarf-name meaning ‘bold’ (see Note to Þul Dverga 4/6III), and this phrase appears to be a straightforward poetry-kenning alluding to the myth of the mead of poetry (cf. Meissner 428 and Note to Eskál Vell 1 [All]), though its pret. tense predicate rann ‘streamed, ran’ is curious. (b) Finnur Jónsson (Hkr 1893-1901; Skj B) emends rekka ‘men’ to Rǫkkva (gen. sg. of Rǫkkvi, a sea-king), combining this with rann ‘house’ to give ‘house of Rǫkkvi [SHIELD]’, and then with regn- ‘rain’ to give ‘shield-rain [BATTLE]’. Finnur combines this with the adj. þorinn ‘brave’, the reading of the Knýtl mss, 73aˣ, 78aˣ, 54 and Bb(106rb), to produce a phrasal adj. Rǫkkva rann-regnþorinn ‘battle-brave’, which qualifies Ulfkell (l. 8). Such a reading involves emendation, tmesis, and awkward word order. (c) Skald further emends rann to gen. sg. ranns, thus avoiding tmesis, but essentially retains Skj B’s adjectival interpretation.

Close

rǫnn ‘’

(not checked:)
rann (noun n.): house, hall

Close

rekka ‘of the men’

(not checked:)
rekkr (noun m.; °; -ar): man, champion

[5] rekka: rekja R686ˣ, reka J1ˣ, rekkum 325V

kennings

regn rekka Þorins
‘the rain of the men of Þorinn ’
   = POETRY

the men of Þorinn → DWARFS
the rain of DWARFS → POETRY

notes

[5] regn rekka Þorins ‘the rain of the men of Þorinn <dwarf> [DWARFS > POETRY]’: (a) Þorinn is a dwarf-name meaning ‘bold’ (see Note to Þul Dverga 4/6III), and this phrase appears to be a straightforward poetry-kenning alluding to the myth of the mead of poetry (cf. Meissner 428 and Note to Eskál Vell 1 [All]), though its pret. tense predicate rann ‘streamed, ran’ is curious. (b) Finnur Jónsson (Hkr 1893-1901; Skj B) emends rekka ‘men’ to Rǫkkva (gen. sg. of Rǫkkvi, a sea-king), combining this with rann ‘house’ to give ‘house of Rǫkkvi [SHIELD]’, and then with regn- ‘rain’ to give ‘shield-rain [BATTLE]’. Finnur combines this with the adj. þorinn ‘brave’, the reading of the Knýtl mss, 73aˣ, 78aˣ, 54 and Bb(106rb), to produce a phrasal adj. Rǫkkva rann-regnþorinn ‘battle-brave’, which qualifies Ulfkell (l. 8). Such a reading involves emendation, tmesis, and awkward word order. (c) Skald further emends rann to gen. sg. ranns, thus avoiding tmesis, but essentially retains Skj B’s adjectival interpretation.

Close

rekka ‘of the men’

(not checked:)
rekkr (noun m.; °; -ar): man, champion

[5] rekka: rekja R686ˣ, reka J1ˣ, rekkum 325V

kennings

regn rekka Þorins
‘the rain of the men of Þorinn ’
   = POETRY

the men of Þorinn → DWARFS
the rain of DWARFS → POETRY

notes

[5] regn rekka Þorins ‘the rain of the men of Þorinn <dwarf> [DWARFS > POETRY]’: (a) Þorinn is a dwarf-name meaning ‘bold’ (see Note to Þul Dverga 4/6III), and this phrase appears to be a straightforward poetry-kenning alluding to the myth of the mead of poetry (cf. Meissner 428 and Note to Eskál Vell 1 [All]), though its pret. tense predicate rann ‘streamed, ran’ is curious. (b) Finnur Jónsson (Hkr 1893-1901; Skj B) emends rekka ‘men’ to Rǫkkva (gen. sg. of Rǫkkvi, a sea-king), combining this with rann ‘house’ to give ‘house of Rǫkkvi [SHIELD]’, and then with regn- ‘rain’ to give ‘shield-rain [BATTLE]’. Finnur combines this with the adj. þorinn ‘brave’, the reading of the Knýtl mss, 73aˣ, 78aˣ, 54 and Bb(106rb), to produce a phrasal adj. Rǫkkva rann-regnþorinn ‘battle-brave’, which qualifies Ulfkell (l. 8). Such a reading involves emendation, tmesis, and awkward word order. (c) Skald further emends rann to gen. sg. ranns, thus avoiding tmesis, but essentially retains Skj B’s adjectival interpretation.

Close

af ‘’

(not checked:)
af (prep.): from

Close

rann ‘streamed’

(not checked:)
2. renna (verb): run (strong)

[6] rann: so J1ˣ, J2ˣ, rǫnn Kˣ, Holm2, R686ˣ, 972ˣ, 73aˣ, 78aˣ, 68, 61(81ra), 75c, Bb(128ra), Tóm, 61(71vb), 53, 54, Bb(106rb), Flat, JÓ, 20dˣ, 873ˣ, 20i 23ˣ, 41ˣ, runn 325V

Close

of ‘over’

(not checked:)
3. of (prep.): around, from; too

[6] of: af R686ˣ, 73aˣ, 78aˣ, 61(81ra), Bb(128ra), Tóm, 61(71vb), 54, Bb(106rb), Flat, JÓ, 20dˣ, 873ˣ, 20i 23ˣ, 41ˣ

notes

[6] of þingamǫnnum ‘over the þingamenn’: (a) This phrase is taken here with skulfu ‘shook’ (so Skj B; ÍF 27; ÍF 35). Bjarni Aðalbjarnarson (ÍF 27) notes that this most likely refers to Knútr’s men, and medieval Icelandic prose writers use this term for the band of Scandinavian retainers established by Knútr in England c. 1018 (see Note to Úlfr Lv 1/8II; ÍF 35, 100 n. 1). Such a sense is not certain here or in other C11th sources (Jesch 2001a, 192): Þórðr could be referring to the Scandinavian or English warriors, or both. (b) Poole (1987, 269-71), understanding þingamenn to refer to Knútr’s ‘elite corps’, construes the phrase with regn Þorins rekka rann, producing the reading, ‘the rain of Þorinn’s men ran over the þingamenn’, i.e. poetry was recited to them. Poole takes this as evidence of the poem’s delivery in England (see also Frank 1994b, 108). (c) Further possibilities are offered by af þingamǫnnum ‘from the þingamenn’, the reading of the Knýtl mss and several of the ÓH and ÓT mss. This phrase could be construed with Ulfkell fekk ýglig hǫgg, giving ‘Ulfkell received terrible blows from the þingamenn’ (so Skald). (d) Af þingamǫnnum could alternatively be construed with regn Þorins rekka rann, giving ‘the rain of Þorinn’s men ran from the þingamenn’, i.e. the þingamenn themselves recited poetry, for which see Anon Liðs.

Close

mennum ‘’

Close

monnu ‘’

Close

þinga ‘the þinga’

(not checked:)
þing (noun n.; °-s; -): meeting, assembly < þingamaðr (noun m.)þing (noun n.; °-s; -): meeting, assemblyþing (noun n.; °-s; -): meeting, assembly

notes

[6] of þingamǫnnum ‘over the þingamenn’: (a) This phrase is taken here with skulfu ‘shook’ (so Skj B; ÍF 27; ÍF 35). Bjarni Aðalbjarnarson (ÍF 27) notes that this most likely refers to Knútr’s men, and medieval Icelandic prose writers use this term for the band of Scandinavian retainers established by Knútr in England c. 1018 (see Note to Úlfr Lv 1/8II; ÍF 35, 100 n. 1). Such a sense is not certain here or in other C11th sources (Jesch 2001a, 192): Þórðr could be referring to the Scandinavian or English warriors, or both. (b) Poole (1987, 269-71), understanding þingamenn to refer to Knútr’s ‘elite corps’, construes the phrase with regn Þorins rekka rann, producing the reading, ‘the rain of Þorinn’s men ran over the þingamenn’, i.e. poetry was recited to them. Poole takes this as evidence of the poem’s delivery in England (see also Frank 1994b, 108). (c) Further possibilities are offered by af þingamǫnnum ‘from the þingamenn’, the reading of the Knýtl mss and several of the ÓH and ÓT mss. This phrase could be construed with Ulfkell fekk ýglig hǫgg, giving ‘Ulfkell received terrible blows from the þingamenn’ (so Skald). (d) Af þingamǫnnum could alternatively be construed with regn Þorins rekka rann, giving ‘the rain of Þorinn’s men ran from the þingamenn’, i.e. the þingamenn themselves recited poetry, for which see Anon Liðs.

Close

yggug ‘’

Close

ok ‘’

(not checked:)
3. ok (conj.): and, but; also

Close

ógligt ‘’

(not checked:)
óglíkr (adj.)

Close

œgligt ‘’

(not checked:)
œgiligr (adj.): [terrifying]

Close

œglig ‘’

(not checked:)
œgiligr (adj.): [terrifying]

Close

ugligt ‘’

Close

yglis ‘’

Close

eygligt ‘’

Close

eygligt ‘’

Close

ǫglis ‘’

(not checked:)
ǫglir (noun m.): hawk

Close

mǫnnum ‘menn

(not checked:)
maðr (noun m.): man, person < þingamaðr (noun m.)

[6] ‑mǫnnum: ‘‑monno’ Holm2, ‘mennum’ R686ˣ

notes

[6] of þingamǫnnum ‘over the þingamenn’: (a) This phrase is taken here with skulfu ‘shook’ (so Skj B; ÍF 27; ÍF 35). Bjarni Aðalbjarnarson (ÍF 27) notes that this most likely refers to Knútr’s men, and medieval Icelandic prose writers use this term for the band of Scandinavian retainers established by Knútr in England c. 1018 (see Note to Úlfr Lv 1/8II; ÍF 35, 100 n. 1). Such a sense is not certain here or in other C11th sources (Jesch 2001a, 192): Þórðr could be referring to the Scandinavian or English warriors, or both. (b) Poole (1987, 269-71), understanding þingamenn to refer to Knútr’s ‘elite corps’, construes the phrase with regn Þorins rekka rann, producing the reading, ‘the rain of Þorinn’s men ran over the þingamenn’, i.e. poetry was recited to them. Poole takes this as evidence of the poem’s delivery in England (see also Frank 1994b, 108). (c) Further possibilities are offered by af þingamǫnnum ‘from the þingamenn’, the reading of the Knýtl mss and several of the ÓH and ÓT mss. This phrase could be construed with Ulfkell fekk ýglig hǫgg, giving ‘Ulfkell received terrible blows from the þingamenn’ (so Skald). (d) Af þingamǫnnum could alternatively be construed with regn Þorins rekka rann, giving ‘the rain of Þorinn’s men ran from the þingamenn’, i.e. the þingamenn themselves recited poetry, for which see Anon Liðs.

Close

hog ‘’

Close

ýglig ‘terrible’

(not checked:)
ýgligr (adj.): [terrible]

[7] ýglig: œgligt R686ˣ, 78aˣ, ‘Ogligt’ 972ˣ, ‘æygligt’ J1ˣ, ‘œygligt’ J2ˣ, œglig 73aˣ, JÓ, 20dˣ, 873ˣ, 20i 23ˣ, ‘yglis’ 68, ‘o᷎glis’ 61(81ra), ‘vgligt’ 325V, ‘yggug’ Bb(128ra), ok 41ˣ

notes

[7] ýglig hǫgg ‘terrible blows’: The variant œglig ‘terrible’ is an acceptable alternative. In a number of mss, the n. acc. sg. forms ýgligt/œgligt indicate that hǫgg is interpreted as sg. ‘blow’.

Close

hǫgg ‘blows’

(not checked:)
hǫgg (noun n.; °-s, dat. hǫggvi/hǫggi; -): blow

[7] hǫgg: ‘hog’ J1ˣ, Bb(128ra), hǫggs 61(81ra)

notes

[7] ýglig hǫgg ‘terrible blows’: The variant œglig ‘terrible’ is an acceptable alternative. In a number of mss, the n. acc. sg. forms ýgligt/œgligt indicate that hǫgg is interpreted as sg. ‘blow’.

Close

eggar ‘’

Close

þars ‘where’

(not checked:)
þars (conj.): where

Close

eggjar ‘blades’

(not checked:)
1. egg (noun f.; °-jar, dat. -ju/-): edge, blade

[7] eggjar: eggja Holm2, J1ˣ, J2ˣ, Bb(128ra), ‘eggar’ R686ˣ

Close

kels ‘’

Close

Ulf ‘Ulf’

(not checked:)
1. ulfr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): wolf < Ulfkell (noun m.): [Ulfcytel]1. ulfr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): wolf < Ulfkell (noun m.): [Ulfcytel]

[8] Ulfkell: Ulfkels 78aˣ, 325V, Tóm, 54, Bb(106rb), Flat, JÓ, 20dˣ, 873ˣ, 20i 23ˣ, Ulfkel Bb(128ra)

notes

[8] Ulfkell ‘Ulfcytel’: Ealdorman of East Anglia, nicknamed snillingr ‘man of valour/eloquence’ in ON prose sources. He features in Anon Liðs 6/2 and Sigv Víkv 7/3: see Notes to these. Kock (NN §585), as part of his move towards simplified word order (see Note to ll. 5-6, interpretation (c) above), adopts the gen. form Ulfkels which is found in several mss, and reads þars bláar eggjar Ulfkels skulfu ‘where Ulfcytel’s dark edges shook’.

Close

lar ‘’

Close

við ‘’

(not checked:)
2. við (prep.): with, against

Close

blá ‘’

(not checked:)
blár (adj.): black

Close

kell ‘cytel’

(not checked:)
-kell (noun m.): [kell] < Ulfkell (noun m.): [Ulfcytel]

[8] Ulfkell: Ulfkels 78aˣ, 325V, Tóm, 54, Bb(106rb), Flat, JÓ, 20dˣ, 873ˣ, 20i 23ˣ, Ulfkel Bb(128ra)

notes

[8] Ulfkell ‘Ulfcytel’: Ealdorman of East Anglia, nicknamed snillingr ‘man of valour/eloquence’ in ON prose sources. He features in Anon Liðs 6/2 and Sigv Víkv 7/3: see Notes to these. Kock (NN §585), as part of his move towards simplified word order (see Note to ll. 5-6, interpretation (c) above), adopts the gen. form Ulfkels which is found in several mss, and reads þars bláar eggjar Ulfkels skulfu ‘where Ulfcytel’s dark edges shook’.

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bláar ‘dark’

(not checked:)
blár (adj.): black

[8] bláar: blá Holm2, J1ˣ, J2ˣ, Bb(128ra), JÓ, 20dˣ, 873ˣ, 20i 23ˣ, ‘vid lar’ Tóm

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skulfu ‘shook’

(not checked:)
1. skjalfa (verb): shake - intrans.

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In Hkr, ÓH, and ÓT, Eiríkr joins Knútr in England and is with him at the conquest of London. Eiríkr slays Úlfkell snillingr in battle, west of London. In Knýtl’s account (the more historically accurate), Eiríkr leaves his ships, engages Úlfkell in battle, and puts him to flight.

[1-4]: That the two warrior-kennings in this helmingr refer to Eiríkr is suggested by the context of a poem about Eiríkr and by the prose Context (above), but historically the reference could be to Knútr.

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