Sturl Hryn 4II
Valgerður Erna Þorvaldsdóttir (ed.) 2009, ‘Sturla Þórðarson, Hrynhenda 4’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 680-1.
Framla ‘boldly’
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framla (adv.): excellently
notes
[1] framla ‘boldly’: Skj B takes this adv. with the second cl., which complicates the w. o. unnecessarily.
dreif ‘rushed’
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2. drífa (verb; °drífr; dreif, drifu; drifinn): drive, rush
til ‘to’
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til (prep.): to
hverrar ‘every’
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2. hverr (pron.): who, whom, each, every
hilmis ‘ruler’
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hilmir (noun m.): prince, protector
þjóð ‘The men’
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þjóð (noun f.; °-ar, dat. -/-u; -ir): people
ins ‘of the’
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2. inn (art.): the
mærðarfróða ‘renowned’
síðan ‘then’
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síðan (adv.): later, then
suðr ‘southwards’
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2. suðr (adv.): south, in the south
seima ‘of gold’
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2. seimr (noun m.; °dat. -i): gold
kennings
stiklir seima.‘thrower of gold. ’
= GENEROUS RULER
thrower of gold. → GENEROUS RULER
kennings
stiklir seima.‘thrower of gold. ’
= GENEROUS RULER
thrower of gold. → GENEROUS RULER
flota ‘fleet’
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floti (noun m.): fleet
miklum ‘a great’
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mikill (adj.; °mikinn): great, large
Hræddar ‘frightened’
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1. hræddr (adj.): afraid
urðu ‘became’
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1. verða (verb): become, be
Hallands ‘of Halland’
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Halland (noun n.): Halland
notes
[5] ferðir Hallands ‘the people of Halland’: The reading of 8 is lyddur (f. nom. pl.) ‘cowards’, which gives the l. a new meaning, mocking the people of Halland and at the same time diminishing the heroic aspects of the king’s troops, since cowards will fear anything, whereas the more neutral word ferðir ‘people’ indicates that the inhabitants fear only when given good reason to. The word lyddur could be a scribal innovation of the scribe of 8 or it could have originated with his exemplar(s).
ferðir ‘The people’
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ferð (noun f.; °-ar; -ir/-arMork 196¹²)): host, journey
[5] ferðir: lyddur 8
notes
[5] ferðir Hallands ‘the people of Halland’: The reading of 8 is lyddur (f. nom. pl.) ‘cowards’, which gives the l. a new meaning, mocking the people of Halland and at the same time diminishing the heroic aspects of the king’s troops, since cowards will fear anything, whereas the more neutral word ferðir ‘people’ indicates that the inhabitants fear only when given good reason to. The word lyddur could be a scribal innovation of the scribe of 8 or it could have originated with his exemplar(s).
hringa ‘of rings’
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1. hringr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -; -ar): ring; sword
kennings
Baldr hringa;‘Baldr of rings; ’
= MAN
Baldr of rings; → MAN
Baldr ‘Baldr’
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Baldr (noun m.): [Baldr, Baldur]
kennings
Baldr hringa;‘Baldr of rings; ’
= MAN
Baldr of rings; → MAN
af ‘by’
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af (prep.): from
þínu ‘your’
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þinn (pron.; °f. þín, n. þitt): your
valdi ‘power’
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vald (noun n.; °-s; *-): strength, power
engi ‘not one’
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2. engi (pron.): no, none
maðr ‘man’
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maðr (noun m.): man, person
var ‘was’
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2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
[7] var: so E, 81a, 8, om. F, varð Flat
Jóta ‘of the Jótar’
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Jóti (noun m.; °; -ar): one of the Jótar
kennings
þengils Jóta‘of the ruler of the Jótar ’
= DANISH KING = Kristófór
the ruler of the Jótar → DANISH KING = Kristófór
þengils ‘of the ruler’
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þengill (noun m.): prince, ruler
kennings
þengils Jóta‘of the ruler of the Jótar ’
= DANISH KING = Kristófór
the ruler of the Jótar → DANISH KING = Kristófór
óttalauss ‘not without fear’
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óttalauss (adj.): fearless
við ‘of’
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2. við (prep.): with, against
Nóregs ‘of Norway’
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Noregr (noun m.): Norway
kennings
dróttin Nóregs.‘the lord of Norway.’
= Hákon
the lord of Norway. → Hákon
dróttin ‘the lord’
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dróttinn (noun m.; °dróttins, dat. dróttni (drottini [$1049$]); dróttnar): lord, master
kennings
dróttin Nóregs.‘the lord of Norway.’
= Hákon
the lord of Norway. → Hákon
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
The men of the renowned ruler rushed boldly to every rowlock; then you brought a great fleet southwards along the coast, thrower of gold [GENEROUS RULER]. The people of Halland became frightened by your power, Baldr <god> of rings [MAN]; not one man of the ruler of the Jótar [DANISH KING = Kristófór] was not without fear of the lord of Norway [= Hákon].
This st. follows right after st. 3, describing the voyage to Halland and the reactions of the inhabitants.
The st. contains verbal echoes of Arn Hryn 9, which describes Magnús inn góði Óláfsson’s fleet setting out from Norway on his expedition to Denmark in 1042.
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